{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T02:17:51Z","timestamp":1791425871303,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,1]],"date-time":"2004-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1101859200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,1]],"date-time":"2004-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1101859200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,17]],"date-time":"2013-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1374019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3150,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,1]],"date-time":"2004-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1101859200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,1]],"date-time":"2004-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1101859200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,1]],"date-time":"2004-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1101859200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,1]],"date-time":"2004-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1101859200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,1]],"date-time":"2004-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1101859200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuron"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,16]],"date-time":"2004-12-16T15:34:26Z","timestamp":1103211266000},"page":"749-757","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":947,"title":["Shrinkage of Dendritic Spines Associated with Long-Term Depression of Hippocampal Synapses"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Qiang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichi J.","family":"Homma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mu-ming","family":"Poo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1038\/86011","article-title":"Phosphorylation of cofilin by LIM-kinase is necessary for semaphoring 3A-induced growth cone collapse","volume":"4","author":"Aizawa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0173(97)00042-8","article-title":"Long-term potentiation and spatial training are both associated with the generation of new excitatory synapses","volume":"26","author":"Andersen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R128","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(03)00072-1","article-title":"Polarised migration","volume":"13","author":"Bailly","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr. Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.15.1.185","article-title":"Proteins of the ADF\/cofilin family","volume":"15","author":"Bamburg","year":"1999","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.19.030196.002253","article-title":"Long-term depression in hippocampus","volume":"19","author":"Bear","year":"1996","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-4388(94)90101-5","article-title":"Synaptic plasticity","volume":"4","author":"Bear","year":"1994","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1038\/8123","article-title":"Rapid redistribution of glutamate receptors contributes to long-term depression in hippocampal cultures","volume":"2","author":"Carroll","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(84)91008-4","article-title":"Transient and enduring morphological correlates of synaptic activity and efficacy change in the rat hippocampal slice","volume":"309","author":"Chang","year":"1984","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5401","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.10.5401","article-title":"Abnormal dendritic spines in fragile X knockout mice","volume":"94","author":"Comery","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2983","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-09-02983.1996","article-title":"The dynamics of dendritic structure in developing hippocampal slices","volume":"16","author":"Dailey","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(83)91329-X","article-title":"Synaptic correlates of associative potentiation\/depression","volume":"265","author":"Desmond","year":"1983","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902530404","article-title":"Changes in the numerical density of synaptic contacts with long-term potentiation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus","volume":"253","author":"Desmond","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902530405","article-title":"Changes in the postsynaptic density with long-term potentiation in the dentate gyrus","volume":"253","author":"Desmond","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4363","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.10.4363","article-title":"Homosynaptic long-term depression in area CA1 of hippocampus and effects of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor blockade","volume":"89","author":"Dudek","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13438","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.23.13438","article-title":"Developmental regulation of spine motility in the mammalian central nervous system","volume":"96","author":"Dunaevsky","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1038\/19978","article-title":"Dendritic spine changes associated with hippocampal long-term synaptic plasticity","volume":"399","author":"Engert","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00294247","article-title":"Down's syndrome and Alzheimer's disease","volume":"79","author":"Ferrer","year":"1990","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. (Berl.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8900","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-21-08900.1998","article-title":"Synaptogenesis via dendritic filopodia in developing hippocampal area CA1","volume":"18","author":"Fiala","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(81)90197-7","article-title":"Stimulation-induced changes in dimensions of stalks of dendritic spines in the dentate molecular layer","volume":"74","author":"Fifkova","year":"1981","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01261506","article-title":"Long-lasting morphological changes in dendritic spines of dentate granular cells following stimulation of the entorhinal area","volume":"6","author":"Fifkova","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Neurocytol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/10.10.952","article-title":"Structural synaptic modifications associated with hippocampal LTP and behavioral learning","volume":"10","author":"Geinisman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(99)80050-6","article-title":"Structure, development, and plasticity of dendritic spines","volume":"9","author":"Harris","year":"1999","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2982","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.09-08-02982.1989","article-title":"Dendritic spines of CA 1 pyramidal cells in the rat hippocampus","volume":"9","author":"Harris","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(95)01168-4","article-title":"Only `de novo' long-term depression (LTD) in the rat hippocampus in vitro is blocked by the same low concentration of FK506 that blocks LTD in the visual cortex","volume":"705","author":"Hodgkiss","year":"1995","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19971006)386:4<661::AID-CNE11>3.0.CO;2-N","article-title":"Life-span dendritic and spine changes in areas 10 and 18 of human cortex","volume":"386","author":"Jacobs","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1980.44.2.247","article-title":"Brief bursts of high-frequency stimulation produce two types of structural change in rat hippocampus","volume":"44","author":"Lee","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)81119-8","article-title":"Role of AMPA receptor cycling in synaptic transmission and plasticity","volume":"24","author":"Luscher","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80852-1","article-title":"Hippocampal LTD expression involves a pool of AMPARs regulated by the NSF-GluR2 interaction","volume":"24","author":"Luthi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1923","DOI":"10.1126\/science.283.5409.1923","article-title":"Rapid dendritic morphogenesis in CA1 hippocampal dendrites induced by synaptic activity","volume":"283","author":"Maletic-Savatic","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1038\/nn717","article-title":"Rapid formation and remodeling of postsynaptic densities in developing dendrites","volume":"4","author":"Marrs","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02617","article-title":"Structural basis of long-term potentiation in single dendritic spines","volume":"429","author":"Matsuzaki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90009-8","article-title":"CaMKII regulates the frequency-response function of hippocampal synapses for the production of both LTD and LTP","volume":"81","author":"Mayford","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00758-4","article-title":"Abnormal spine morphology and enhanced LTP in LIMK-1 knockout mice","volume":"35","author":"Meng","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(01)00554-2","article-title":"Regulation of synaptic strength by protein phosphatase 1","volume":"32","author":"Morishita","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12673","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.26.12673","article-title":"An increase in dendritic spine density on hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells following spatial learning in adult rats suggests the formation of new synapses","volume":"91","author":"Moser","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(92)90248-C","article-title":"Mechanisms underlying induction of homosynaptic long-term depression in area CA1 of the hippocampus","volume":"9","author":"Mulkey","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8394601","article-title":"An essential role for protein phosphatases in hippocampal long-term depression","volume":"261","author":"Mulkey","year":"1993","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1038\/369486a0","article-title":"Involvement of calcineurin\/inhibitor-1 phosphatase cascade in hippocampal long-term depression","volume":"369","author":"Mulkey","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physiol.64.081501.160008","article-title":"Structure and function of dendritic spines","volume":"64","author":"Nimchinsky","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(01)00638-9","article-title":"Control of actin reorganization by Slingshot, a family of phosphatases that dephosphorylate ADF\/cofilin","volume":"108","author":"Niwa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80565-6","article-title":"Cell type and pathway dependence of synaptic AMPA receptor number and variability in the hippocampus","volume":"21","author":"Nusser","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1038\/nn867","article-title":"Facilitation at single synapses probed with optical quantal analysis","volume":"5","author":"Oertner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(00)00182-2","article-title":"Transient spine density increases in the mid-molecular layer of hippocampal dentate gyrus accompany consolidation of a spatial learning task in the rodent","volume":"99","author":"O'Malley","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01781","article-title":"Induction of dendritic spines by an extracellular domain of AMPA receptor subunit GluR2","volume":"424","author":"Passafaro","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(03)00120-X","article-title":"Celluar motility driven by assembly and disassembly of actin filaments","volume":"112","author":"Pollard","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.10267","article-title":"Regulation of the neuronal actin cytoskeleton by ADF\/cofilin","volume":"58","author":"Sarmiere","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-02-00658.1998","article-title":"Stability in synapse number and size at 2 hr after long-term potentiation in hippocampal area CA1","volume":"18","author":"Sorra","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1038\/10172","article-title":"Different modes of expression of AMPA and NMDA receptors in hippocampal synapses","volume":"2","author":"Takumi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(80)90151-X","article-title":"Age-related changes in prefrontal cortex of Macaca mulatta","volume":"69","author":"Uemura","year":"1980","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)81066-1","article-title":"Expression of cerebellar long-term depression requires postsynaptic clathrin-mediated endocytosis","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1080\/08990229771204","article-title":"A survey of morphogenesis during the early postnatal period in PMBSF barrels of mouse SmI cortex with emphasis on barrel D4","volume":"14","author":"White","year":"1997","journal-title":"Somatosens. Motil. Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(79)90157-X","article-title":"Maturation of pyramidal cell form in relation to developing afferent and efferent connections of rat somatic sensory cortex","volume":"4","author":"Wise","year":"1979","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011_BIB53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1300","article-title":"Genesis of dendritic spines","volume":"5","author":"Yuste","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci"}],"container-title":["Neuron"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0896627304007226?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0896627304007226?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T06:33:41Z","timestamp":1760250821000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0896627304007226"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0896627304007226"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1022687.264709","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1022687.261637","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1022687.263633","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0896-6273"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0896-6273","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Shrinkage of Dendritic Spines Associated with Long-Term Depression of Hippocampal Synapses","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuron","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"converted-article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2004 Cell Press. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}