{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:31:47Z","timestamp":1791297107720,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,1]],"date-time":"2009-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1249084800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,1]],"date-time":"2009-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1249084800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,22]],"date-time":"2013-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1482,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,1]],"date-time":"2009-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1249084800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,1]],"date-time":"2009-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1249084800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,1]],"date-time":"2009-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1249084800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,1]],"date-time":"2009-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1249084800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,1]],"date-time":"2009-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1249084800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuron"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,13]],"date-time":"2009-08-13T04:36:27Z","timestamp":1250138187000},"page":"316-328","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":194,"title":["Overexpression of IGF-1 in Muscle Attenuates Disease in a Mouse Model of Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Isabella","family":"Palazzolo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Conor","family":"Stack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingling","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Musaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Adachi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahisa","family":"Katsuno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gen","family":"Sobue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Paul","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte J.","family":"Sumner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth H.","family":"Fischbeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Pennuto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6541","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1996.tb01045.x","article-title":"Mechanism of activation of protein kinase B by insulin and IGF-1","volume":"15","author":"Alessi","year":"1996","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(06)12003-0","article-title":"Analysis of amyloid aggregates using agarose gel electrophoresis","volume":"412","author":"Bagriantsev","year":"2006","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21540","article-title":"Phase 2 trial of leuprorelin in patients with spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy","volume":"65","author":"Banno","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1101-1014","article-title":"Akt\/mTOR pathway is a crucial regulator of skeletal muscle hypertrophy and can prevent muscle atrophy in\u00a0vivo","volume":"3","author":"Bodine","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.6.10.4182","article-title":"Localized treatment with a novel FDA-approved proteasome inhibitor blocks the degradation of dystrophin and dystrophin-associated proteins in mdx mice","volume":"6","author":"Bonuccelli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.2.583","article-title":"A placebo-controlled trial of insulin-like growth factor-I in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. European ALS\/IGF-I Study Group","volume":"51","author":"Borasio","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.110.4.1307","article-title":"Nerve sprouting in innervated adult skeletal muscle induced by exposure to elevated levels of insulin-like growth factors","volume":"110","author":"Caroni","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2008.03.002","article-title":"Androgen receptor function in motor neuron survival and degeneration","volume":"19","author":"Cary","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Rehabil. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12109","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.20.12109","article-title":"Myogenic vector expression of insulin-like growth factor I stimulates muscle cell differentiation and myofiber hypertrophy in transgenic mice","volume":"270","author":"Coleman","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2008.03.001","article-title":"Behavioral phenotyping strategies for mutant mice","volume":"57","author":"Crawley","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(92)90213-W","article-title":"The neurotrophins BDNF, NT-3, and NGF display distinct patterns of retrograde axonal transport in peripheral and central neurons","volume":"8","author":"DiStefano","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200407021","article-title":"Muscle expression of a local Igf-1 isoform protects motor neurons in an ALS mouse model","volume":"168","author":"Dobrowolny","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib13","first-page":"481","article-title":"Growth hormone and the insulin-like growth factor system in myogenesis","volume":"17","author":"Florini","year":"1996","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.490360607","article-title":"Members of several gene families influence survival of rat motoneurons in\u00a0vitro and in\u00a0vivo","volume":"36","author":"Hughes","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1016\/S1534-5807(02)00188-0","article-title":"The IGF-1\/Akt pathway is neuroprotective in Huntington's disease and involves Huntingtin phosphorylation by Akt","volume":"2","author":"Humbert","year":"2002","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2008.08.006","article-title":"Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy: a motoneuron or muscle disease?","volume":"8","author":"Jordan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1086137","article-title":"Retrograde viral delivery of IGF-1 prolongs survival in a mouse ALS model","volume":"301","author":"Kaspar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00834-6","article-title":"Testosterone reduction prevents phenotypic expression in a transgenic mouse model of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy","volume":"35","author":"Katsuno","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1038\/nm878","article-title":"Leuprorelin rescues polyglutamine-dependent phenotypes in a transgenic mouse model of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy","volume":"9","author":"Katsuno","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2006.01.021","article-title":"Pathogenesis, animal models and therapeutics in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA)","volume":"200","author":"Katsuno","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00210.2004","article-title":"Comparison of gene expression of 2-mo denervated, 2-mo stimulated-denervated, and control rat skeletal muscles","volume":"22","author":"Kostrominova","year":"2005","journal-title":"Physiol. Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1038\/352077a0","article-title":"Androgen receptor gene mutations in X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy","volume":"352","author":"La Spada","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.49.6.1621","article-title":"Effect of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I on progression of ALS. A placebo-controlled study. The North America ALS\/IGF-I Study Group","volume":"49","author":"Lai","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2903","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.114.16.2903","article-title":"PKB\/Akt: a key mediator of cell proliferation, survival and insulin responses?","volume":"114","author":"Lawlor","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3157","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M609972200","article-title":"Soluble androgen receptor oligomers underlie pathology in a mouse model of spinobulbar muscular atrophy","volume":"282","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7200","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.121173298","article-title":"Akt suppresses androgen-induced apoptosis by phosphorylating and inhibiting androgen receptor","volume":"98","author":"Lin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4037","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/cdf406","article-title":"Phosphorylation-dependent ubiquitylation and degradation of androgen receptor by Akt require Mdm2 E3 ligase","volume":"21","author":"Lin","year":"2002","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18259","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0705501104","article-title":"Overexpression of wild-type androgen receptor in muscle recapitulates polyglutamine disease","volume":"104","author":"Monks","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1038\/84839","article-title":"Localized Igf-1 transgene expression sustains hypertrophy and regeneration in senescent skeletal muscle","volume":"27","author":"Musaro","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1578","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.480241203","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factors: putative muscle-derived trophic agents that promote motoneuron survival","volume":"24","author":"Neff","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.29.051605.113042","article-title":"Trinucleotide repeat disorders","volume":"30","author":"Orr","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddm109","article-title":"Akt blocks ligand binding and protects against expanded polyglutamine androgen receptor toxicity","volume":"16","author":"Palazzolo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.12.021","article-title":"Ablation of the UPR-mediator CHOP restores motor function and reduces demyelination in Charcot-Marie-Tooth 1B mice","volume":"57","author":"Pennuto","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1101-1009","article-title":"Mediation of IGF-1-induced skeletal myotube hypertrophy by PI(3)K\/Akt\/mTOR and PI(3)K\/Akt\/GSK3 pathways","volume":"3","author":"Rommel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S10","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1066","article-title":"Protein aggregation and neurodegenerative disease","volume":"10","author":"Ross","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2006.05.015","article-title":"Aggregation and proteasome: the case of elongated polyglutamine aggregation in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy","volume":"28","author":"Rusmini","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib37","first-page":"160","article-title":"Signaling in muscle atrophy and hypertrophy","volume":"23","author":"Sandri","year":"2008","journal-title":"Physiology (Bethesda)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(04)00400-3","article-title":"Foxo transcription factors induce the atrophy-related ubiquitin ligase atrogin-1 and cause skeletal muscle atrophy","volume":"117","author":"Sandri","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2005.09.009","article-title":"Growing roles for the mTOR pathway","volume":"17","author":"Sarbassov","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.59.5.770","article-title":"Expression of X-linked bulbospinal muscular atrophy (Kennedy disease) in two homozygous women","volume":"59","author":"Schmidt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2007.08.012","article-title":"Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy: skeletal muscle pathology in male patients and heterozygous females","volume":"264","author":"Soraru","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1770","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000335970.78664.36","article-title":"Subcutaneous IGF-1 is not beneficial in 2-year ALS trial","volume":"71","author":"Sorenson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/8.5.731","article-title":"Polyglutamine-expanded androgen receptors form aggregates that sequester heat shock proteins, proteasome components and SRC-1, and are suppressed by the HDJ-2 chaperone","volume":"8","author":"Stenoien","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(04)00211-4","article-title":"The IGF-1\/PI3K\/Akt pathway prevents expression of muscle atrophy-induced ubiquitin ligases by inhibiting FOXO transcription factors","volume":"14","author":"Stitt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddg074","article-title":"Aggresomes protect cells by enhancing the degradation of toxic polyglutamine-containing protein","volume":"12","author":"Taylor","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5241","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)37680-9","article-title":"A specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (LY294002)","volume":"269","author":"Vlahos","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2008.10.016","article-title":"In vivo suppression of polyglutamine neurotoxicity by C-terminus of Hsp70-interacting protein (CHIP) supports an aggregation model of pathogenesis","volume":"33","author":"Williams","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2663","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI28773.","article-title":"Androgen-dependent pathology demonstrates myopathic contribution to the Kennedy disease phenotype in a mouse knock-in model","volume":"116","author":"Yu","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2007.11.004","article-title":"FoxO3 coordinately activates protein degradation by the autophagic\/lysosomal and proteasomal pathways in atrophying muscle cells","volume":"6","author":"Zhao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019_bib50","first-page":"8051","article-title":"AML1 is expressed in skeletal muscle and is regulated by innervation","volume":"14","author":"Zhu","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."}],"container-title":["Neuron"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0896627309005480?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0896627309005480?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T06:50:48Z","timestamp":1760251848000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0896627309005480"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0896627309005480"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019","relation":{},"ISSN":["0896-6273"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0896-6273","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Overexpression of IGF-1 in Muscle Attenuates Disease in a Mouse Model of Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuron","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.019","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}