{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T09:43:27Z","timestamp":1786700607594,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]],"date-time":"2019-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]],"date-time":"2019-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]],"date-time":"2020-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":369,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuron"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]],"date-time":"2019-10-15T10:26:45Z","timestamp":1571135205000},"page":"987-999.e4","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Three Rostromedial Tegmental Afferents Drive Triply Dissociable Aspects of Punishment Learning and Aversive Valence Encoding"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8710-1290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hao","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Vento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Parrilla-Carrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominika","family":"Pullmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying S.","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maya","family":"Eid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas C.","family":"Jhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib1","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2016.02.010","article-title":"Lateral habenula integration of proactive and retroactive information mediates behavioral flexibility","volume":"345","author":"Baker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.22561","article-title":"The inhibitory influence of the lateral habenula on midbrain dopamine cells: ultrastructural evidence for indirect mediation via the rostromedial mesopontine tegmental nucleus","volume":"519","author":"Balcita-Pedicino","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.03.004","article-title":"Divergent routing of positive and negative information from the amygdala during memory retrieval","volume":"90","author":"Beyeler","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2788","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2014.129","article-title":"Control of the nigrostriatal dopamine neuron activity and motor function by the tail of the ventral tegmental area","volume":"39","author":"Bourdy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4894","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0811507106","article-title":"Phasic excitation of dopamine neurons in ventral VTA by noxious stimuli","volume":"106","author":"Brischoux","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2902","article-title":"Lateral habenula neurons signal errors in the prediction of reward information","volume":"14","author":"Bromberg-Martin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25511","article-title":"Encoding of danger by parabrachial CGRP neurons","volume":"555","author":"Campos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4191","article-title":"Brief optogenetic inhibition of dopamine neurons mimics endogenous negative reward prediction errors","volume":"19","author":"Chang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8822","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0144-18.2018","article-title":"Brief, but not prolonged, pauses in the firing of midbrain dopamine neurons are sufficient to produce a conditioned inhibitor","volume":"38","author":"Chang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12024","article-title":"Rescuing cocaine-induced prefrontal cortex hypoactivity prevents compulsive cocaine seeking","volume":"496","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10754","article-title":"Neuron-type-specific signals for reward and punishment in the ventral tegmental area","volume":"482","author":"Cohen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.03.049","article-title":"The parabrachial nucleus is a critical link in the transmission of short latency nociceptive information to midbrain dopaminergic neurons","volume":"168","author":"Coizet","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.14400","article-title":"Opposite responses to aversive stimuli in lateral habenula neurons","author":"Congiu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6455","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1404323111","article-title":"Aversive behavior induced by optogenetic inactivation of ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons is mediated by dopamine D2 receptors in the nucleus accumbens","volume":"111","author":"Danjo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14855","article-title":"Arithmetic and local circuitry underlying dopamine prediction errors","volume":"525","author":"Eshel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-03125-y","article-title":"Opponent control of behavioral reinforcement by inhibitory and excitatory projections from the ventral pallidum","volume":"9","author":"Faget","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(83)90135-5","article-title":"Intracellular and extracellular electrophysiology of nigral dopaminergic neurons--1. Identification and characterization","volume":"10","author":"Grace","year":"1983","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4173","article-title":"Mesolimbic dopamine signals the value of work","volume":"19","author":"Hamid","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2005.12.053","article-title":"Lesions of the habenula produce stress- and dopamine-dependent alterations in prepulse inhibition and locomotion","volume":"1073-1074","author":"Heldt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11457","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1384-11.2011","article-title":"Negative reward signals from the lateral habenula to dopamine neurons are mediated by rostromedial tegmental nucleus in primates","volume":"31","author":"Hong","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-070815-014106","article-title":"Reward and aversion","volume":"39","author":"Hu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.042820.116","article-title":"Lateral, not medial, prefrontal cortex contributes to punishment and aversive instrumental learning","volume":"23","author":"Jean-Richard-Dit-Bressel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Learn. Mem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.02.001","article-title":"The rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg), a GABAergic afferent to midbrain dopamine neurons, encodes aversive stimuli and inhibits motor responses","volume":"61","author":"Jhou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21891","article-title":"The mesopontine rostromedial tegmental nucleus: A structure targeted by the lateral habenula that projects to the ventral tegmental area of Tsai and substantia nigra compacta","volume":"513","author":"Jhou","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7501","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3634-12.2013","article-title":"Cocaine drives aversive conditioning via delayed activation of dopamine-responsive habenular and midbrain pathways","volume":"33","author":"Jhou","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.2307\/1914185","article-title":"Prospect theory: an analysis of decision under risk","volume":"47","author":"Kahneman","year":"1979","journal-title":"Econometrica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5000","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1320189111","article-title":"Disentangling neural representations of value and salience in the human brain","volume":"111","author":"Kahnt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21983","article-title":"Afferents to the GABAergic tail of the ventral tegmental area in the rat","volume":"513","author":"Kaufling","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e33612","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0033612","article-title":"Optogenetic mimicry of the transient activation of dopamine neurons by natural reward is sufficient for operant reinforcement","volume":"7","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib31","first-page":"516","article-title":"Differentiation and molecular heterogeneity of inhibitory and excitatory neurons associated with midbrain dopaminergic nuclei","volume":"143","author":"Lahti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11527","article-title":"Input-specific control of reward and aversion in the ventral tegmental area","volume":"491","author":"Lammel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.12.036","article-title":"Diversity of transgenic mouse models for selective targeting of midbrain dopamine neurons","volume":"85","author":"Lammel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-011-0368-z","article-title":"Mesopontine rostromedial tegmental nucleus neurons projecting to the dorsal raphe and pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus: psychostimulant-elicited Fos expression and collateralization","volume":"217","author":"Lavezzi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Struct. Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.30697","article-title":"Aversive stimuli drive hypothalamus-to-habenula excitation to promote escape behavior","volume":"6","author":"Lecca","year":"2017","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib36","article-title":"Generality and opponency of rostromedial tegmental (RMTg) roles in valence processing","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.41223","article-title":"Valence-encoding in the lateral habenula arises from the entopeduncular region","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4266","article-title":"Biophysical constraints of optogenetic inhibition at presynaptic terminals","volume":"19","author":"Mahn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05860","article-title":"Lateral habenula as a source of negative reward signals in dopamine neurons","volume":"447","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2233","article-title":"Representation of negative motivational value in the primate lateral habenula","volume":"12","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08028","article-title":"Two types of dopamine neuron distinctly convey positive and negative motivational signals","volume":"459","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.17328","article-title":"Midbrain dopamine neurons signal aversion in a reward-context-dependent manner","volume":"5","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2016","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4334","article-title":"Shifted pallidal co-release of GABA and glutamate in habenula drives cocaine withdrawal and relapse","volume":"19","author":"Meye","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1235-y","article-title":"Dissociable dopamine dynamics for learning and motivation","volume":"570","author":"Mohebi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1936","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-05-01936.1996","article-title":"A framework for mesencephalic dopamine systems based on predictive Hebbian learning","volume":"16","author":"Montague","year":"1996","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.04.035","article-title":"Inhibitory input from the lateral hypothalamus to the ventral tegmental area disinhibits dopamine neurons and promotes behavioral activation","volume":"90","author":"Nieh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.87.6.532","article-title":"A model for Pavlovian learning: variations in the effectiveness of conditioned but not of unconditioned stimuli","volume":"87","author":"Pearce","year":"1980","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13978","article-title":"The paraventricular thalamus controls a central amygdala fear circuit","volume":"519","author":"Penzo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01476","article-title":"Subsecond dopamine release promotes cocaine seeking","volume":"422","author":"Phillips","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2017.02.017","article-title":"Contributions of basolateral amygdala and nucleus accumbens subregions to mediating motivational conflict during punished reward-seeking","volume":"140","author":"Piantadosi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Learn. Mem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-018-0203-4","article-title":"Mapping projections of molecularly defined dopamine neuron subtypes using intersectional genetic approaches","volume":"21","author":"Poulin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.23.1.473","article-title":"Neuronal coding of prediction errors","volume":"23","author":"Schultz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.1126\/science.275.5306.1593","article-title":"A neural substrate of prediction and reward","volume":"275","author":"Schultz","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23533","article-title":"Lateral habenula and the rostromedial tegmental nucleus innervate neurochemically distinct subdivisions of the dorsal raphe nucleus in the rat","volume":"522","author":"Sego","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-018-1761-7","article-title":"Gene expression and neurochemical characterization of the rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg) in rats and mice","volume":"224","author":"Smith","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Struct. Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3145","article-title":"Activation of lateral habenula inputs to the ventral midbrain promotes behavioral avoidance","volume":"15","author":"Stamatakis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1038\/nature19845","article-title":"A basal ganglia circuit for evaluating action outcomes","volume":"539","author":"Stephenson-Jones","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3587","article-title":"What\u2019s better for me? Fundamental role for lateral habenula in promoting subjective decision biases","volume":"17","author":"Stopper","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.08.033","article-title":"Overriding phasic dopamine signals redirects action selection during risk\/reward decision making","volume":"84","author":"Stopper","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.12.034","article-title":"Considerations when using cre-driver rodent lines for studying ventral tegmental area circuitry","volume":"85","author":"Stuber","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.08.028","article-title":"Habenula lesions reveal that multiple mechanisms underlie dopamine prediction errors","volume":"87","author":"Tian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.08.018","article-title":"Distributed and mixed information in monosynaptic inputs to dopamine neurons","volume":"91","author":"Tian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1134239","article-title":"The neural basis of loss aversion in decision-making under risk","volume":"315","author":"Tom","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.01.025","article-title":"Punishment-predictive cues guide avoidance through potentiation of hypothalamus-to-habenula synapses","volume":"102","author":"Trusel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.01.025","article-title":"Punishment-predictive cues guide avoidance through potentiation of hypothalamus-to-habenula synapses","volume":"102","author":"Trusel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2012.02.003","article-title":"Are you or aren\u2019t you? Challenges associated with physiologically identifying dopamine neurons","volume":"35","author":"Ungless","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.10.018","article-title":"Learning from one\u2019s mistakes: a dual role for the rostromedial tegmental nucleus in the encoding and expression of punished reward seeking","volume":"81","author":"Vento","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.23045","article-title":"Learning shapes the aversion and reward responses of lateral habenula neurons","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-072116-031109","article-title":"Neural circuitry of reward prediction error","volume":"40","author":"Watabe-Uchida","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.06.050","article-title":"Silencing neurons: tools, applications, and experimental constraints","volume":"95","author":"Wiegert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.04.017","article-title":"Sexually dimorphic neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamus govern mating in both sexes and aggression in males","volume":"153","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17777","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1406755111","article-title":"The origin of risk aversion","volume":"111","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"}],"container-title":["Neuron"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0896627319307469?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0896627319307469?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T07:22:37Z","timestamp":1760253757000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0896627319307469"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0896627319307469"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040","relation":{},"ISSN":["0896-6273"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0896-6273","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Three Rostromedial Tegmental Afferents Drive Triply Dissociable Aspects of Punishment Learning and Aversive Valence Encoding","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuron","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.040","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}