{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T04:19:02Z","timestamp":1793679542639,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]],"date-time":"2025-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741564800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81825007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81825007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32170964"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32170964"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFF1501500-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFF1501500-5"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017YFC1307905"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFC1307905"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017YFC1307900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFC1307900"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012492","name":"Beijing Outstanding Talent Training Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BJJWZYJH01201910025030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BJJWZYJH01201910025030"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012492","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031910","name":"Changping Laboratory","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031910","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018538","name":"National Ten Thousand Talent Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018538","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017616","name":"Beijing Talents Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018A12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018A12"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017616","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019018","name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Initiative for Innovative Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022ZD0204700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022ZD0204700"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019018","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019018","name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Initiative for Innovative Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024-I2M-ZD-012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-I2M-ZD-012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019018","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009592","name":"Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission, Adminitrative Commission of Zhongguancun Science Park","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Z221100007422053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z221100007422053"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009592","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuron"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]],"date-time":"2025-03-27T21:41:46Z","timestamp":1743111706000},"page":"1708-1722.e5","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Comprehensive characterization of metabolic consumption and production by the human brain"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Yilong","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lebo","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baoshan","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Di","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miaoqing","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufeng","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqian","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhanying","family":"Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangli","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xunming","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dapeng","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8219-1055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Woo-ping","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2011.08.016","article-title":"Brain energy metabolism: focus on astrocyte-neuron metabolic cooperation","volume":"14","author":"B\u00e9langer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.03.035","article-title":"A cellular perspective on brain energy metabolism and functional imaging","volume":"86","author":"Magistretti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib3","first-page":"R203","article-title":"Ratio of central nervous system to body metabolism in vertebrates: its constancy and functional basis","volume":"241","author":"Mink","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6021","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26310-y","article-title":"A metabolome atlas of the aging mouse brain","volume":"12","author":"Ding","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1038\/nature20411","article-title":"Ageing, neurodegeneration and brain rejuvenation","volume":"539","author":"Wyss-Coray","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00031.2020","article-title":"Fluid transport in the brain","volume":"102","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3210","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI90603","article-title":"Understanding the functions and relationships of the glymphatic system and meningeal lymphatics","volume":"127","author":"Louveau","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2008.01.003","article-title":"The blood-brain barrier in health and chronic neurodegenerative disorders","volume":"57","author":"Zlokovic","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abc8861","article-title":"Comprehensive quantification of fuel use by the failing and nonfailing human heart","volume":"370","author":"Murashige","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.06.002","article-title":"Metabolite Exchange between Mammalian Organs Quantified in Pigs","volume":"30","author":"Jang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3169","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16810-8","article-title":"Using arterial-venous analysis to characterize cancer metabolic consumption in patients","volume":"11","author":"Xiong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0204242","article-title":"A systematic meta-analysis of oxygen-to-glucose and oxygen-to-carbohydrate ratios in the resting human brain","volume":"13","author":"Blazey","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117003","article-title":"Diminished brain glucose metabolism is a significant determinant for falling rates of systemic glucose utilization during sleep in normal humans","volume":"93","author":"Boyle","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2013.07.001","article-title":"Sugar for the brain: the role of glucose in physiological and pathological brain function","volume":"36","author":"Mergenthaler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-21-6-800","article-title":"The effect of hypoglycemia on the metabolism of the brain","volume":"21","author":"Himwich","year":"1937","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI102150","article-title":"The cerebral blood flow in male subjects as measured by the nitrous oxide technique. normal values for blood flow, oxygen utilization, glucose utilization, and peripheral resistance, with observations on the effect of tilting and anxiety","volume":"28","author":"Scheinberg","year":"1949","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)72512-X","article-title":"Arterial and cerebral venous blood: arterial-venous differences in man","volume":"144","author":"Gibbs","year":"1942","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1946.9.2.133","article-title":"Pyruvic acid exchange of the brain","volume":"9","author":"Himwich","year":"1946","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2008.06.006","article-title":"The pattern of amino acid exchange across the brain is unaffected by intravenous glutamine supplementation in head trauma patients","volume":"27","author":"Berg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00035.2018","article-title":"Metabolomics for Investigating Physiological and Pathophysiological Processes","volume":"99","author":"Wishart","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1988.tb03006.x","article-title":"Hypoxanthine transport and metabolism in the central nervous system","volume":"50","author":"Spector","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.2174\/156802611795347555","article-title":"Metabolic network of nucleosides in the brain","volume":"11","author":"Ipata","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2022.109370","article-title":"The mammalian purine salvage pathway as an exploitable route for cerebral bioenergetic support after brain injury","volume":"224","author":"Gessner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-017-2386-6","article-title":"The Purine Salvage Pathway and the Restoration of Cerebral ATP: Implications for Brain Slice Physiology and Brain Injury","volume":"44","author":"Frenguelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1980.tb03035.x","article-title":"Cerebral blood flow and metabolic rate of oxygen, glucose, lactate, pyruvate, ketone bodies and amino acids","volume":"62","author":"Lying-Tunell","year":"1980","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(92)90186-E","article-title":"Brain uptake and release of amino acids in nondiabetic and insulin-dependent diabetic subjects: important role of glutamine release for nitrogen balance","volume":"41","author":"Grill","year":"1992","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/137.6.1539S","article-title":"Tyrosine, phenylalanine, and catecholamine synthesis and function in the brain","volume":"137","author":"Fernstrom","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo10050172","article-title":"Developmental Signatures of Microbiota-Derived Metabolites in the Mouse Brain","volume":"10","author":"Swann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2018.19","article-title":"Lactate in the brain: from metabolic end-product to signalling molecule","volume":"19","author":"Magistretti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1644-y","article-title":"The microbiota regulate neuronal function and fear extinction learning","volume":"574","author":"Chu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-021-03098-6","article-title":"Interactions of Lipids, Lipoproteins, and Apolipoproteins with the Blood-Brain Barrier","volume":"38","author":"Rhea","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2017.231","article-title":"Triglycerides cross the blood-brain barrier and induce central leptin and insulin receptor resistance","volume":"42","author":"Banks","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes. (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/gigascience\/giz061","article-title":"LION\/web: a web-based ontology enrichment tool for lipidomic data analysis","volume":"8","author":"Molenaar","year":"2019","journal-title":"GigaScience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2021.104633","article-title":"Insights of 8-hydroxyquinolines: A novel target in medicinal chemistry","volume":"108","author":"Gupta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2012.03.036","article-title":"Clinical differences between acute CVST and non-thrombotic CVSS","volume":"114","author":"Meng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-26-4362","article-title":"Respiratory Quotient of the Brain","volume":"26","author":"Himwich","year":"1929","journal-title":"Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-018-4171-4","article-title":"FDG PET\/CT for assessing tumour response to immunotherapy : Report on the EANM symposium on immune modulation and recent review of the literature","volume":"46","author":"Aide","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.114.146290","article-title":"Value of 18F-FDG PET and PET\/CT for evaluation of pediatric malignancies","volume":"56","author":"Uslu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semnuclmed.2020.09.004","article-title":"PET-CT for Staging and Detection of Recurrence of Head and Neck Cancer","volume":"51","author":"Wong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Semin. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/247152","article-title":"18F-FDG PET in the diagnosis and treatment of primary central nervous system lymphoma","volume":"2013","author":"Kawai","year":"2013","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W76","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.13.12363","article-title":"Brain FDG PET and the diagnosis of dementia","volume":"204","author":"Shivamurthy","year":"2015","journal-title":"AJR Am. J. Roentgenol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2192","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X18789273","article-title":"Effects of anesthesia on cerebral blood flow, metabolism, and neuroprotection","volume":"38","author":"Slupe","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0b013e31823d29ad","article-title":"Normal organ weights in men: part II-the brain, lungs, liver, spleen, and kidneys","volume":"33","author":"Molina","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Forensic Med. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1929.88.2.312","article-title":"The regulation of respiration: XXV. Variations in the lactic acid metabolism in the intact brain","volume":"88","author":"Mcginty","year":"1929","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2009.35","article-title":"Blood lactate is an important energy source for the human brain","volume":"29","author":"van Hall","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3443","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-106104","article-title":"Lactate fuels the human brain during exercise","volume":"22","author":"Quistorff","year":"2008","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3012","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.11-191999","article-title":"Hypoxia and exercise provoke both lactate release and lactate oxidation by the human brain","volume":"26","author":"Overgaard","year":"2012","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2000.8186","article-title":"Cerebral blood flow and oxygenation in liver transplantation for acute or chronic hepatic disease without venovenous bypass","volume":"6","author":"Pere","year":"2000","journal-title":"Liver Transpl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(89)90278-6","article-title":"Identification of fatty acid amides in human plasma","volume":"45","author":"Arafat","year":"1989","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(01)02256-X","article-title":"Oleamide modulates memory in rats","volume":"313","author":"Murillo-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2008.12.018","article-title":"Vitamin C function in the brain: vital role of the ascorbate transporter SVCT2","volume":"46","author":"Harrison","year":"2009","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.27.4.720","article-title":"Alterations of regional cerebral blood flow and oxygen saturation in a rat sinus-vein thrombosis model","volume":"27","author":"Nakase","year":"1996","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2017.151","article-title":"Data processing, multi-omic pathway mapping, and metabolite activity analysis using XCMS Online","volume":"13","author":"Forsberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.06.016","article-title":"Omics-Driven Systems Interrogation of Metabolic Dysregulation in COVID-19 Pathogenesis","volume":"32","author":"Song","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4299","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-021-00579-1","article-title":"Statistical analysis in metabolic phenotyping","volume":"16","author":"Blaise","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4281","DOI":"10.1021\/ac051632c","article-title":"Probabilistic quotient normalization as robust method to account for dilution of complex biological mixtures. Application in 1H NMR metabonomics","volume":"78","author":"Dieterle","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."}],"container-title":["Neuron"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0896627325001758?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0896627325001758?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T04:22:21Z","timestamp":1762316541000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0896627325001758"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0896627325001758"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0896-6273"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0896-6273","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Comprehensive characterization of metabolic consumption and production by the human brain","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuron","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}