{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T15:49:53Z","timestamp":1761580193646},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,1]],"date-time":"2004-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1086048000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuropharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,9]],"date-time":"2004-03-09T08:52:41Z","timestamp":1078822361000},"page":"1049-1056","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The effect of pregnancy and the oestrus cycle on purinergic and cholinergic responses of the rat urinary bladder"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Gillian E","family":"Knight","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey","family":"Burnstock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-7258(94)00048-4","article-title":"Purinoceptors: are there families of P2X and P2Y purinoceptors?","volume":"64","author":"Abbracchio","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pharmacology and Therapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410x.2000.00435.x","article-title":"The effect of pregnancy and delivery on the function and ultrastructure of the rat bladder and urethra","volume":"85","author":"Bakircioglu","year":"2000","journal-title":"BJU International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6777(1999)18:5<511::AID-NAU14>3.0.CO;2-6","article-title":"The effect of pregnancy and contractile activity on bladder muscarinic receptor subtypes","volume":"18","author":"Baselli","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurourology and Urodynamics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)43588-9","article-title":"Progesterone receptors in the female lower urinary tract","volume":"138","author":"Batra","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/S1566-0702(03)00044-4","article-title":"Estrogen receptor expression in lumbosacral dorsal root ganglion cells innervating the female rat urinary bladder","volume":"105","author":"Bennett","year":"2003","journal-title":"Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic & Clinical"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1984.tb14804.x","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis bladder. Studies and care","volume":"436","author":"Blaivas","year":"1984","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-1585-6_30","article-title":"Muscarinic receptor subtypes in normal, fetal, and gravid rabbit bladder, heart and uterus","volume":"385","author":"Brandes","year":"1995","journal-title":"Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB9","series-title":"Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol. 15\/I. Purinergic and Pyrimidinergic Signalling","first-page":"423","article-title":"Purinergic signalling in lower urinary tract","author":"Burnstock","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-3623(85)90001-1","article-title":"Is there a basis for distinguishing two types of P2-purinoceptor?","volume":"16","author":"Burnstock","year":"1985","journal-title":"General Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB6","series-title":"Current Topics in Membranes, Purinergic Receptors and Signalling, vol. 54","first-page":"1","article-title":"Introduction: ATP and it's metabolites as potent extracellular agents","author":"Burnstock","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1985.sp015538","article-title":"The effects of oestrogens on spontaneous activity and responses to phenylephrine of the mammalian urethra","volume":"358","author":"Callahan","year":"1985","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(99)00168-X","article-title":"Age dependent response to exogenous estrogen on micturition, contractility and cholinergic receptors of the rat bladder","volume":"64","author":"Diep","year":"1999","journal-title":"Life Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C577","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1993.265.3.C577","article-title":"Signal transduction via P2-purinergic receptors for extracellular ATP and other nucleotides","volume":"265","author":"Dubyak","year":"1993","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007043132537","article-title":"Development of P2X receptor clusters on smooth muscle cells in relation to nerve varicosities in the rat urinary bladder","volume":"28","author":"Dutton","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Neurocytology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.81.2.242","article-title":"Mechanism of vascular smooth muscle relaxation by estrogen in depolarized rat and mouse aorta. Role of nuclear estrogen receptor and Ca2+ uptake","volume":"81","author":"Freay","year":"1997","journal-title":"Circulation Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(85)90023-X","article-title":"Effect of progesterone on canine colonic smooth muscle","volume":"88","author":"Gill","year":"1985","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410x.1999.00282.x","article-title":"Pharmacological and urodynamic changes in rat urinary bladder function after multiple pregnancies","volume":"84","author":"Grandadam","year":"1999","journal-title":"BJU International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(98)00528-7","article-title":"Effects of estrogen and progesterone on urinary bladder in female rabbit: evaluation by quantitative morphometric analysis","volume":"53","author":"Hashimoto","year":"1999","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB19","first-page":"8","article-title":"Pathology and pathogenesis of interstitial cystitis","volume":"29","author":"Holm-Bentzen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)67133-7","article-title":"The effect of pregnancy on rat urinary tract dynamics","volume":"154","author":"Hsia","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1007\/s001920200061","article-title":"Correlates of urinary incontinence in pregnancy","volume":"13","author":"Hvidman","year":"2002","journal-title":"International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)39590-3","article-title":"Agonist-induced contraction and accumulation of inositol phosphates in the guinea-pig detrusor: evidence that muscarinic and purinergic receptors raise intracellular calcium by different mechanisms","volume":"144","author":"Iacovou","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(81)90710-9","article-title":"Estrogen receptors in the human female lower urinary tract","volume":"141","author":"Iosif","year":"1981","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1987.tb05031.x","article-title":"Pathophysiology of idiopathic detrusor instability and detrusor hyper-reflexia. An in vitro study of human detrusor muscle","volume":"60","author":"Kinder","year":"1987","journal-title":"British Journal of Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB25","first-page":"614","article-title":"Estrogen-induced alterations in the autonomic responses of the rabbit urinary bladder","volume":"215","author":"Levin","year":"1980","journal-title":"The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-4295(81)90187-4","article-title":"Autonomic innervation of rabbit urinary bladder following estrogen administration","volume":"17","author":"Levin","year":"1981","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1159\/000138830","article-title":"Effects of pregnancy on muscarinic receptor density and function in the rabbit urinary bladder","volume":"43","author":"Levin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-201X.1998.00421.x","article-title":"Autonomic nervous influence of the female guinea-pig urinary bladder during the oestrus cycle","volume":"164","author":"Liu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Physiologica Scandinavica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)36777-0","article-title":"The influence of ovariectomy and estradiol replacement on urinary bladder function in rats","volume":"148","author":"Longhurst","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1991.tb09843.x","article-title":"The effect of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on cholinergic motor transmission in the rat urinary bladder","volume":"103","author":"Luheshi","year":"1991","journal-title":"British Journal of Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5445.1265","article-title":"Bladder dysfunction in multiple sclerosis","volume":"1","author":"Miller","year":"1965","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-198836040-00006","article-title":"Sex hormones and the female urinary tract","volume":"36","author":"Miodrag","year":"1988","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"RC166","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-18-j0002.2001","article-title":"Loss of purinergic P2X3 and P2X5 receptor innervation in human detrusor from adults with urge incontinence","volume":"21","author":"Moore","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)65403-1","article-title":"P2X receptors and their role in female idiopathic detrusor instability","volume":"167","author":"O\u2019Reilly","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2007","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)35955-4","article-title":"Evidence for purinergic neurotransmission in human urinary bladder affected by interstitial cystitis","volume":"150","author":"Palea","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB36","first-page":"5","article-title":"Inhibitory effect of sex steroids on guinea-pig airway smooth muscle contraction","volume":"118","author":"Perusquia","year":"1997","journal-title":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S123","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1838(90)90115-Y","article-title":"Urinary bladder innervation in experimental diabetes","volume":"30","author":"Prosdocimi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of the Autonomic Nervous System"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1159\/000146841","article-title":"Degeneration of adrenergic nerves in the urinary bladder during pregnancy","volume":"136","author":"Qayyum","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Anatomica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB39","first-page":"413","article-title":"Receptors for purines and pyrimidines","volume":"50","author":"Ralevic","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pharmacological Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-2243(94)90213-5","article-title":"Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy\u2014clinical implications","volume":"53","author":"Ravn","year":"1994","journal-title":"European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(95)02330-5","article-title":"Mechanisms involved in the relaxant effect of estrogens on rat aorta strips","volume":"58","author":"Rodriguez","year":"1996","journal-title":"Life Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02048338","article-title":"Multiple vaginal deliveries increase the risk of permanent incontinence of flatus urine in normal premenopausal women","volume":"38","author":"Ryhammer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Diseases of the Colon and Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)45980-5","article-title":"Effect of estrogens on the weight and muscarinic cholinergic receptor density of the rabbit bladder and urethra","volume":"135","author":"Shapiro","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1007\/s002400050168","article-title":"Rapid effects of estrogen and progesterone on tone and spontaneous rhythmic contractions of the rabbit bladder","volume":"27","author":"Shenfeld","year":"1999","journal-title":"Urological Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1159\/000139282","article-title":"Effects of pregnancy and progesterone on autonomic function in the rat urinary bladder","volume":"50","author":"Tong","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1159\/000292059","article-title":"Urinary incontinence in women of reproductive age","volume":"41","author":"Turan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1006\/gcen.1999.7333","article-title":"Distribution of progesterone receptor in female mouse tissue","volume":"115","author":"Uotinen","year":"1999","journal-title":"General and Comparative Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(00)01713-4","article-title":"Estrogen receptor-\u03b1 (alpha) immunoreactivity in parasympathetic preganglionic neurons innervating the bladder in the adult ovariectomized cat","volume":"298","author":"VanderHorst","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuroscience Letters"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2001.00123.x","article-title":"Anatomical and functional changes in the lower urinary tract during pregnancy","volume":"108","author":"Wijma","year":"2001","journal-title":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007152428481","article-title":"Changes in the distribution of different subtypes of P2X receptor clusters on smooth muscle cells in relation to nerve varicosities in the pregnant rat urinary bladder","volume":"29","author":"Yunaev","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Neurocytology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011_BIB51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1159\/000138708","article-title":"Effect of pregnancy on rabbit urinary bladder physiology. 1. Effects of extracellular calcium","volume":"41","author":"Zderic","year":"1990","journal-title":"Pharmacology"}],"container-title":["Neuropharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S002839080400022X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S002839080400022X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,14]],"date-time":"2019-02-14T13:54:36Z","timestamp":1550152476000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S002839080400022X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S002839080400022X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.01.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-3908"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-3908","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]}}}