{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T12:59:08Z","timestamp":1788872348996,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]],"date-time":"2012-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328054400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]],"date-time":"2012-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328054400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000864","name":"Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson&apos;s Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000864","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuropharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,10]],"date-time":"2011-11-10T00:15:13Z","timestamp":1320884113000},"page":"1052-1061","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Retigabine, a KV7 (KCNQ) potassium channel opener, attenuates l-DOPA-induced dyskinesias in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"S.E.","family":"Sander","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Lemm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Hamann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Richter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1527-3458.2005.tb00033.x","article-title":"Retigabine: chemical synthesis to clinical application","volume":"11","author":"Blackburn-Munro","year":"2005","journal-title":"CNS Drug Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2009.00111.x","article-title":"Neural KCNQ (Kv7) channels","volume":"156","author":"Brown","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2010.08.014","article-title":"L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease: a drug discovery perspective","volume":"15","author":"Buck","year":"2010","journal-title":"Drug Discov. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(06)70600-7","article-title":"A\u00a0convergent model for cognitive dysfunctions in Parkinson's disease: the critical dopamine-acetylcholine synaptic balance","volume":"5","author":"Calabresi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2007.03.005","article-title":"Dopamine dysregulation of movement control in L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia","volume":"30","author":"Cenci","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib6","series-title":"Animal Models of Movement Disorders","first-page":"193","article-title":"Utility of 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rats in the preclinical screening of novel treatments of Parkinson disease","author":"Cenci","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2007.01.013","article-title":"Modulation of L-DOPA-induced abnormal involuntary movements by clinically tested compounds: further validation of the rat dyskinesia model","volume":"179","author":"Dekundy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"issue":"Suppl. 4","key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib8","first-page":"32","article-title":"Levodopa-induced dyskinesias and their management","volume":"255","author":"Del Sorbo","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2005.05.005","article-title":"Pathophysiological basis of drug-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease","volume":"50","author":"Deogaonkar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4512-03.2004","article-title":"KCNQ2 is a nodal K+ channel","volume":"24","author":"Devaux","year":"2004","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-004-0881-1","article-title":"The anti-hyperalgesic activity of retigabine is mediated by KCNQ potassium channel activation","volume":"369","author":"Dost","year":"2004","journal-title":"Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21475","article-title":"L-DOPA-induced dyskinesias","volume":"22","author":"Fabbrini","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"4 Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib13","first-page":"2","article-title":"The spectrum of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesias","volume":"47","author":"Fahn","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib14","first-page":"265","article-title":"Tolerance and dependence","volume":"vol. 74","author":"Frey","year":"1985"},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S560","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22020","article-title":"Physiology of the normal and dopamine-depleted basal ganglia: insights into L-DOPA pharmacotherapy","volume":"23","author":"Grace","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.149450","article-title":"Kv7 channels: interaction with dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmission in the CNS","volume":"586","author":"Hansen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib17","first-page":"266","article-title":"Long-term tolerance of flupirtine. Open multicenter study over one year","volume":"111","author":"Herrmann","year":"1993","journal-title":"Fortschr. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib18","article-title":"Flupirtine \u2013 a positive modulator of heteromeric KCNQ2\/3 channels","author":"Ilyen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"Suppl. 11","key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20458","article-title":"Motor fluctuations and dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease: clinical manifestations","volume":"20","author":"Jankovic","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4333","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.8.4333","article-title":"KCNQ4, a K+ channel mutated in a form of dominant deafness, is expressed in the inner ear and the central auditory pathway","volume":"97","author":"Kharkovets","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.105.083923","article-title":"Anxiolytic effects of Maxipost (BMS-204352) and retigabine via activation of neuronal Kv7 channels","volume":"314","author":"Korsgaard","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2008.04.006","article-title":"Retigabine reduces the excitability of unmyelinated peripheral human axons","volume":"54","author":"Lang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0953-816x.2001.01843.x","article-title":"Pharmacological validation of behavioural measures of akinesia and dyskinesia in a rat model of Parkinson's disease","volume":"15","author":"Lundblad","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2008.150656","article-title":"Nervous system KV7 disorders: breakdown of a subthreshold brake","volume":"586","author":"Maljevic","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib25","first-page":"11","article-title":"Flupirtine in acute and chronic pain associated with muscle tenseness. Results of a postmarket surveillance study","volume":"121","author":"Mueller-Schwefe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Fortschr. Med. Orig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib26","first-page":"60","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and biotransformation of the analgesic flupirtine in the rat and dog","volume":"35","author":"Obermeier","year":"1985","journal-title":"Arzneimittel-Forschung"},{"issue":"Suppl. 10","key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1016\/S1471-1931(00)00031-8","article-title":"L-DOPA motor complications in Parkinson's disease","volume":"23","author":"Obeso","year":"2000","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.04.030","article-title":"Amantadine protects dopamine neurons by a dual action: reducing activation of microglia and inducing expression of GNDF in astroglia","volume":"61","author":"Ossola","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.05.021","article-title":"Role of the primary motor cortex in l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia and its modulation by 5-HT1A receptor stimulation","volume":"61","author":"Ostock","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2010.01.003","article-title":"MK-801 inhibits L-DOPA-induced abnormal involuntary movements only at doses that worsen parkinsonism","volume":"58","author":"Paquette","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurt.2006.11.012","article-title":"Retigabine","volume":"4","author":"Porter","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib32","series-title":"Animal Models of Movement Disorders","first-page":"459","article-title":"The genetically dystonic hamster: an animal model of paroxysmal dystonia","author":"Richter","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib33","series-title":"Encyclopedia of Movement Disorders","first-page":"85","article-title":"Animal models of dyskinesias","author":"Richter","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706878","article-title":"Antidystonic effects of Kv7 (KCNQ) channel openers in the dtsz mutant, an animal model of primary paroxysmal dystonia","volume":"149","author":"Richter","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21159","article-title":"Chronic rotenone treatment induces behavioral effects but no pathological signs of parkinsonism in mice","volume":"85","author":"Richter","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3091","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04507.x","article-title":"Effects of M-current modulators on the excitability of immature rat spinal sensory and motor neurones","volume":"22","author":"Rivera-Arconada","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(00)00866-1","article-title":"The novel anticonvulsant retigabine activates M-currents in Chinese hamster ovary-cells tranfected with human KCNQ2\/3 subunits","volume":"282","author":"Rundfeldt","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4609","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-13-04609.2001","article-title":"Differential expression of genes encoding subthreshold-operating voltage-gated K+ channels in brain","volume":"21","author":"Saganich","year":"2001","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5051","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0128-05.2005","article-title":"Molecular determinants of KCNQ (Kv7) K+ channel sensitivity to the anticonvulsant retigabine","volume":"25","author":"Schenzer","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(97)89671-9","article-title":"Antiparkinsonian and other motor effects of flupirtine alone and in combination with dopaminergic drugs","volume":"327","author":"Schmidt","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1527-3458.1998.tb00061.x","article-title":"Flupirtine: a review of its neuroprotective and behavioral properties","volume":"4","author":"Schuster","year":"1998","journal-title":"CNS Drug Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01273155","article-title":"Antiparkinsonian effect of flupirtine in monoamine-depleted rats","volume":"103","author":"Schwarz","year":"1996","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neural Transm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7449","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1381-05.2005","article-title":"Cholinergic suppression of KCNQ channel currents enhances excitability of striatal medium spiny neurons","volume":"25","author":"Shen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(24)01469-8","article-title":"Potassium channels: molecular defects, diseases, and therapeutic opportunities","volume":"52","author":"Shieh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2010.11.019","article-title":"BN82451 attenuates L-dopa-induced dyskinesia in 6-OHDA-lesioned rat model of Parkinson's disease","volume":"60","author":"Spinnewyn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10588","article-title":"Embryonic mesencephalic grafts increase levodopa-induced forelimb hyperkinesia in parkinsonian rats","volume":"18","author":"Steece-Collier","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2003.013912","article-title":"Long term motor complications of L-DOPA: clinical features, mechanisms, and management strategies","volume":"80","author":"Thanvi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Postgrad. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib48","first-page":"141","article-title":"Duration of amantadine benefit on dyskinesia of severe Parkinson's disease","volume":"75","author":"Thomas","year":"2004","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.09.086","article-title":"The effects of cannabinoid drugs\u00a0on abnormal involuntary movements in dyskinetic and non-dyskinetic 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rats","volume":"1363","author":"Walsh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-895X(24)23232-6","article-title":"Molecular basis for differential sensitivity of KCNQ and I(Ks) channels to the cognitive enhancer XE991","volume":"57","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1006\/nbdi.2002.0499","article-title":"L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in the intrastriatal 6-hydroxydopamine model of parkinson's disease: relation to motor and cellular parameters of nigrostriatal function","volume":"10","author":"Winkler","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.104.010793","article-title":"The new anticonvulsant retigabine favors voltage-dependent opening of the Kv7.2 (KCNQ2) channel by binding to its activation gate","volume":"67","author":"Wuttke","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2004.06.006","article-title":"Neuronal activity in the basal ganglia and thalamus in patients with dystonia","volume":"115","author":"Zhuang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."}],"container-title":["Neuropharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0028390811004710?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0028390811004710?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]],"date-time":"2025-09-21T06:40:04Z","timestamp":1758436804000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0028390811004710"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0028390811004710"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-3908"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-3908","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Retigabine, a KV7 (KCNQ) potassium channel opener, attenuates l-DOPA-induced dyskinesias in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuropharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.016","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}