{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T06:58:27Z","timestamp":1760425107672},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]],"date-time":"2012-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328054400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuropharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,1]],"date-time":"2011-12-01T09:43:50Z","timestamp":1322732630000},"page":"705-714","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Molecular and cell signaling targets for PTSD pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Richard L.","family":"Hauger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. Alberto","family":"Olivares-Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank M.","family":"Dautzenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James B.","family":"Lohr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Braun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert H.","family":"Oakley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.04.029","article-title":"Hippocampal dysfunction effects on contextual memory: possible etiology for post-traumatic stress disorder","author":"Acheson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145709990496","article-title":"CRF receptor blockade prevents initiation and consolidation of stress effects on affect in the predator stress model of PTSD","volume":"13","author":"Adamec","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2011.02.340","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder, coronary arteriosclerosis, and mortality","author":"Ahmadi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Reversal of depressed behaviors in mice by p11 gene therapy in the nucleus accumbens","volume":"54","author":"Alexander","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sci. Translational Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/928497","article-title":"Corticotropin-releasing hormone type 1 receptor gene (CRHR1) variants predict posttraumatic stress disorder onset and course in pediatric injury patients","volume":"30","author":"Amstadter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dis. Markers"},{"year":"2000","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"APA","key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib6"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.4.585","article-title":"Serial CSF CRH levels and adrenocortical activity in combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"156","author":"Baker","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.44.101802.121410","article-title":"CRF and CRF receptors: role in stress responsivity and other behaviors","volume":"44","author":"Bale","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2004.11.009","article-title":"Prevalence and distinct correlates of anxiety, substance, and combined comorbidity in a multi-site public sector sample with bipolar disorder","volume":"85","author":"Bauer","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Affect Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-1154","article-title":"Corticotropin-releasing hormone-mediated induction of intracellular signaling pathways and brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression is inhibited by the activation of the endocannabinoid system","volume":"146","author":"Bayatti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.05.021","article-title":"The role of FKBP5, a co-chaperone of the glucocorticoid receptor in pathogenesis and therapy of affective and anxiety disorders","volume":"34S","author":"Binder","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.299.11.1291","article-title":"Association of FKBP5 polymorphisms and childhood abuse with risk of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in adults","volume":"299","author":"Binder","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib13","first-page":"624","article-title":"Elevated CSF CRF concentrations in PTSD","volume":"154","author":"Bremner","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.6.902","article-title":"Previous exposure to trauma and PTSD effects of subsequent trauma: results from the Detroit area survery of trauma","volume":"156","author":"Breslau","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.05.066","article-title":"AKT\/GSK-3\u03b2\/\u03b2- catenin signaling within hippocampus and amygdala reflects genetically determined differences in posttraumatic stress disorder like symptoms","volume":"169","author":"Dahlhoff","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib16","first-page":"R935","article-title":"GRK3 mediates desensitization of CRF1 receptors: a potential mechanism regulating stress adaptation","volume":"280","author":"Dautzenberg","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(00)00167-2","article-title":"G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 3- and protein kinase C mediated desensitization of the PACAP receptor type 1 in human Y-79 retinoblastoma cells","volume":"40","author":"Dauztenberg","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(02)01946-6","article-title":"The CRF peptide family and their receptors: yet more partners discovered","volume":"23","author":"Dautzenberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(02)02463-4","article-title":"GRK3 regulation during CRF- and urocortin-inducedCRF1 receptor desensitization","volume":"298","author":"Dautzenberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.231308","article-title":"Biased ligands for better cardiovascular drugs: dissecting G-protein-coupled receptor pharmacology","volume":"109","author":"De Wire","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2219","article-title":"A\u00a0negative regulator of MAP kinase causes depressive behavior","volume":"16","author":"Duric","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2642","article-title":"Resilience to social stress coincides with functional DNA methylation of the CRF gene in adult mice","volume":"13","author":"Elliott","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2649","article-title":"Psychobiology and molecular genetics of resilience","volume":"10","author":"Feder","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17734","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.28.17734","article-title":"Phosphorylation and desensitization of human endothelin A and B receptors: evidence for G protein-coupled receptor kinase specificity","volume":"272","author":"Freedman","year":"1997","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20605","article-title":"Risk and resilience: genetic and environmental influences on development of the stress response","volume":"26","author":"Gillespie","year":"2009","journal-title":"Depress. Anxiety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2308","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1997.68062308.x","article-title":"Regulation of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor function in human Y-79 retinoblastoma cells: rapid and reversible homologous desensitization but prolonged recovery","volume":"68","author":"Hauger","year":"1997","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurochem."},{"year":"2010","author":"Hauger","key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib27"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.2183","article-title":"Rapid agonist-induced phosphorylation of the human CRF receptor, type 1: a potential mechanism for homologous desensitization","volume":"268","author":"Hauger","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.2174\/187152706777950684","article-title":"Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) receptor signaling in the central nervous system: new molecular targets","volume":"5","author":"Hauger","year":"2006","journal-title":"CNS Neurol. Disord. Drug Targets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2009.05011.x","article-title":"Role of CRF receptor signaling in stress vulnerability, anxiety, and depression","volume":"1179","author":"Hauger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. NY Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-010-9364-7","article-title":"Roles for pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) expression and signaling in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) in mediating the behavioral consequences of chronic stress","volume":"42","author":"Hammack","year":"2010","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2008.03.008","article-title":"The link between childhood trauma and depression: insights from HPA axis studies in humans","volume":"33","author":"Heim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2005.03603.x","article-title":"Differential regulation of corticotropin releasing factor 1alpha receptor endocytosis and trafficking by beta-arrestins and Rab GTPases","volume":"96","author":"Holmes","year":"2006","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2009.06.103","article-title":"Cellular mechanisms underlying affective resiliency: the role of glucocorticoid receptor- and mitochondrially-mediated plasticity","volume":"1293","author":"Hunsberger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"year":"2008","series-title":"Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: an Assessment of the Evidence","author":"Institute of Medicine","key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib35"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2009.10.002","article-title":"Allostatic load biomarkers of chronic stress and impact on health and cognition","volume":"35","author":"Juster","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2008.91","article-title":"Continuous expression of corticotrophin-releasing factor in the central nucleus of the amygdala emulates the dysregulation of the stress and reproductive axes","volume":"14","author":"Keen-Rhinehart","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1995.03950240066012","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder in the national comorbidity survey","volume":"52","author":"Kessler","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2669","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0910658107","article-title":"Nuclear factor-\u03baB is a critical mediator of stress-impaired neurogenesis and depressive behavior","volume":"107","author":"Koo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9528","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M413078200","article-title":"\u03b2-Arrestin binding to the \u03b22-adrenergic receptor requires both receptor phosphorylation and receptor activation","volume":"280","author":"Krasel","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.06.003","article-title":"AKT signaling within the ventral tegmental area regulates cellular and behavioral responses to stressful stimuli","volume":"64","author":"Krishnan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1179\/016164110X12556180206194","article-title":"Changes of Bax, Bcl-2 and apoptosis in hippocampus in the rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder","volume":"232","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2583","DOI":"10.2174\/092986711795933704","article-title":"Members of CRF family and their receptors: from past to future","volume":"18","author":"Liapakis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"year":"2010","series-title":"Serum- and Glucocorticoid-induced Kinase-1 (SGK1) in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Depression. Program No. 666.6. 2010 Neuroscience Meeting Planner","author":"Licznerski","key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib44"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib45","article-title":"Gene x environment vulnerability factors for PTSD: the HPA-axis","author":"Mehta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.50","article-title":"Using polymorphisms in FKBP5 to define biologically distinct subtypes of posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"68","author":"Mehta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2009.08.014","article-title":"Resilience against predator stress and\u00a0dendritic morphology of amygdala neurons","volume":"205","author":"Mitra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2997","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2003-0417","volume":"18","author":"Mynard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2005.07.005","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder: a state-of-the-science review","volume":"40","author":"Nemeroff","year":"2006","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib50","first-page":"R209","article-title":"Carboxyl terminal and intracellular loop sites for CRF1 receptor phosphorylation and \u03b2arrestin2 recruitment: a mechanism regulating stress and anxiety responses","volume":"293","author":"Oakley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.035","article-title":"Childhood trauma associated with short leukocyte telomere length in posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"70","author":"O\u2019Donovan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/560572","article-title":"Transcriptional control of monocyte gene expression in post-traumatic stress disorder","volume":"30","author":"O\u2019Donovan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dis. Markers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2010.10.003","article-title":"A\u00a0short review of the psychoneuroimmunology of posttraumatic stress disorder: from risk factors to medical comorbidities","volume":"25","author":"Pace","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbrainres.2004.06.038","article-title":"Gene expression profiles highlight adaptive brain mechanisms in corticotropin releasing factor overexpressing mice","volume":"129","author":"Peeters","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib55","series-title":"Understanding G Protein-coupled Receptors and Their Role in the CNS","first-page":"505","article-title":"Chapter 25: corticotropin-releasing factor receptors","author":"Perrin","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11560","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M412914200","article-title":"Distinct conformations of the corticotropin releasing factor type 1 receptor adopted following agonist and antagonist binding are differentially regulated","volume":"280","author":"Perry","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2009.114","article-title":"Protective effect of CRHR1 gene variants on the development of adult depression following childhood maltreatment","volume":"66","author":"Polanczyk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1258\/ebm.2010.009334","article-title":"Adaptation to extreme stress: posttraumatic stress disorder, neuropeptide Y and metabolic syndrome","volume":"235","author":"Rasmusson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0409534102","article-title":"Different G protein-coupled receptor kinases govern G protein and beta-arrestin-mediated signaling of V2 vasopressin receptor","volume":"102","author":"Ren","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09856","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder is associated with PACAP and the PAC1 receptor","volume":"470","author":"Ressler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2008.205","article-title":"CRF1 and CRF2 receptors are required for potentiated startle to contextual but not discrete cues","volume":"34","author":"Risbrough","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6545","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5760-03.2004","article-title":"Corticotropin releasing factor receptors CRF1 and CRF2 exert both additive and opposing influences on defensive startle behavior","volume":"24","author":"Risbrough","year":"2004","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2006.06.019","article-title":"Role of corticotropin releasing factor in anxiety disorders: a translational research perspective","volume":"50","author":"Risbrough","year":"2006","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(03)00571-7","article-title":"CRF in PTSD with secondary psychotic symptoms, nonpsychotic PTSD, and healthy control subjects","volume":"54","author":"Sautter","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib65","first-page":"E938","article-title":"Corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulates SGK-1 kinase expression in cultured hippocampal neurons via CRH-R1","volume":"295","author":"Sheng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2011.05.002","article-title":"\u03b2-Arrestin-mediated receptor trafficking and signal transduction","volume":"32","author":"Shenoy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib67","article-title":"PTSD and gene variants: new pathways and new thinking","author":"Skelton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-006-9040-1","article-title":"Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) activation of NF-kappaB-directed transcription in leukocytes","volume":"26","author":"Smith","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1007\/7854_2009_14","article-title":"Developing small molecule nonpeptidergic drugs for the treatment of anxiety disorders: is the challenge still ahead?","volume":"2","author":"Steckler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1117571","article-title":"Alterations in 5-HT1B receptor function by p11 in depression-like states","volume":"311","author":"Svenningsson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2481","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2006.05129.x","article-title":"Corticotropin-releasing factor promotes growth of brain norepinephrine neuronal processes through Rho GTPase regulators of the actin cytoskeleton in rat","volume":"24","author":"Swinny","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2011.02.018","article-title":"Differential effects of inescapable stress on locus coeruleus GRK3, alpha2-adrenoceptor and CRF1 receptor levels in learned helpless and non-helpless rats: a potential link to stress resilience","volume":"221","author":"Taneja","year":"2011","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2004-0275","article-title":"Regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) receptor type 1\u03b1 signaling: structural determinants for G protein-coupled receptor kinase-mediated phosphorylation and agonist-mediated desensitization","volume":"19","author":"Teli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.106.022715","article-title":"The phenotypic differentiation of locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons mediated by brain-derived neurotrophic factor is enhanced by corticotropin releasing factor through the activation of cAMP-dependent signaling pathway","volume":"70","author":"Traver","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2005.06.057","article-title":"Urocortin 1 and urocortin 2 induce macrophage apoptosis via CRFR2","volume":"579","author":"Tsatsanis","year":"2005","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.05.012","article-title":"Interaction of childhood maltreatment with the corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene: effects on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis reactivity","volume":"66","author":"Tyrka","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2010.10050706","article-title":"Pre-existing high glucocorticoid receptor number predicting development of posttraumatic stress symptoms after military deployment","volume":"168","author":"Van Zuiden","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2010.11.004","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of \u03b2-arrestin- and G protein-biased agonists","volume":"17","author":"Whalen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Mol. Med."},{"year":"1992","series-title":"International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems","author":"World Health Organization","key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib79"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2009.04979.x","article-title":"Status of glucocorticoid alterations in post-traumatic stress disorder","volume":"1179","author":"Yehuda","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. NY Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.02.034","article-title":"Gene expression patterns associated with posttraumatic stress disorder following exposure to the world trade center attacks","volume":"66","author":"Yehuda","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-010-1969-6","article-title":"Putative biological mechanisms for the association between early life adversity and the subsequent development of PTSD","volume":"212","author":"Yehuda","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/185354","article-title":"The role of genes in defining a molecular biology of PTSD","volume":"30","author":"Yehuda","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dis. Markers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2008.03.022","article-title":"p11 is up-regulated in the forebrain of stress rats by glucocorticoid acting via two specific glucocorticoid response elements in the p11 promoter","volume":"153","author":"Zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuroscience"}],"container-title":["Neuropharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0028390811004862?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0028390811004862?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,11]],"date-time":"2023-06-11T10:26:05Z","timestamp":1686479165000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0028390811004862"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"references-count":84,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0028390811004862"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.11.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-3908"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0028-3908"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]}}}