{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T15:44:58Z","timestamp":1792856698892,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":172,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuropharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,10]],"date-time":"2013-09-10T02:00:59Z","timestamp":1378778459000},"page":"204-217","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":139,"special_numbering":"PB","title":["15 years of genetic approaches in\u00a0vivo for addiction research: Opioid receptor and peptide gene knockout in mouse models of drug abuse"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Pauline","family":"Charbogne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigitte L.","family":"Kieffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katia","family":"Befort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2011.216","article-title":"Novel therapeutic strategies for alcohol and drug addiction: focus on GABA, ion channels and transcranial magnetic stimulation","volume":"37","author":"Addolorato","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2010.04.005","article-title":"Validation crisis in animal models of drug addiction: beyond non-disordered drug use toward drug addiction","volume":"35","author":"Ahmed","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.10.013","article-title":"Different patterns of administration modulate propensity of methadone and buprenorphine to promote locomotor sensitization in mice","volume":"40","author":"Allouche","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2007.04661.x","article-title":"Preprodynorphin mediates locomotion and D2 dopamine and mu-opioid receptor changes induced by chronic \u2018binge\u2019 cocaine administration","volume":"102","author":"Bailey","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1007\/s002100000244","article-title":"Morphine self-administration in mu-opioid receptor-deficient mice","volume":"361","author":"Becker","year":"2000","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-002-0533-2","article-title":"Rewarding effects of ethanol and cocaine in mu opioid receptor-deficient mice","volume":"365","author":"Becker","year":"2002","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10935","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-24-10935.2002","article-title":"Attenuation of nicotine-induced antinociception, rewarding effects, and dependence in mu-opioid receptor knock-out mice","volume":"22","author":"Berrendero","year":"2002","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3008-04.2005","article-title":"Nicotine-induced antinociception, rewarding effects, and physical dependence are decreased in mice lacking the preproenkephalin gene","volume":"25","author":"Berrendero","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2332","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2012.88","article-title":"Influence of delta-opioid receptors in the behavioral effects of nicotine","volume":"37","author":"Berrendero","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2010.02.006","article-title":"Neurobiological mechanisms involved in nicotine dependence and reward: participation of the endogenous opioid system","volume":"35","author":"Berrendero","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1222940","article-title":"Are we getting closer to valid translational models for major depression?","volume":"338","author":"Berton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-183X.2012.00780.x","article-title":"Behavioral actions of alcohol: phenotypic relations from multivariate analysis of mutant mouse data","volume":"11","author":"Blednov","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genes Brain Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2006.12.002","article-title":"Reduced alcohol consumption in mice lacking preprodynorphin","volume":"40","author":"Blednov","year":"2006","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2012.09.027","article-title":"Endogenous opiates and behavior: 2011","volume":"38","author":"Bodnar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2009.08.062","article-title":"The dynorphin\/kappa opioid system as\u00a0a\u00a0modulator of stress-induced and pro-addictive behaviors","volume":"1314","author":"Bruchas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2003.02409.x","article-title":"Cannabinoid withdrawal syndrome is reduced in double mu and delta opioid receptor knockout mice","volume":"17","author":"Castane","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5029","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0854-05.2005","article-title":"Endogenous kappa-opioid receptor systems regulate mesoaccumbal dopamine dynamics and vulnerability to cocaine","volume":"25","author":"Chefer","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2003.02912.x","article-title":"Basal and morphine-evoked dopaminergic neurotransmission in the nucleus accumbens of MOR- and DOR-knockout mice","volume":"18","author":"Chefer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.05.021","article-title":"Contrasting effects of mu opioid receptor and delta opioid receptor deletion upon the behavioral and neurochemical effects of cocaine","volume":"127","author":"Chefer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04525.x","article-title":"Paradoxical effects of prodynorphin gene deletion on basal and cocaine-evoked dopaminergic neurotransmission in the nucleus accumbens","volume":"23","author":"Chefer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2008.128","article-title":"Augmentation of morphine-induced sensitization but reduction in morphine tolerance and reward in delta-opioid receptor knockout mice","volume":"34","author":"Chefer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2013.06.003","article-title":"Delta opioid receptors in brain function and diseases","volume":"40","author":"Chu Sin Chung","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1038\/295663a0","article-title":"Primary structure of the human Met- and Leu-enkephalin precursor and its mRNA","volume":"295","author":"Comb","year":"1982","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.64.5.566","article-title":"Prevalence, correlates, disability, and comorbidity of DSM-IV drug abuse and dependence in the United States: results from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions","volume":"64","author":"Compton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(02)01812-5","article-title":"Lack of reward and locomotor stimulation induced by heroin in mu-opioid receptor-deficient mice","volume":"446","author":"Contarino","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2004.05.005","article-title":"Mu opioid receptor: a gateway to drug addiction","volume":"14","author":"Contet","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2010.05895.x","article-title":"Preclinical studies of alcohol binge drinking","volume":"1216","author":"Crabbe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"Suppl.\u00a01","key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2008.05.029","article-title":"Modelling human drug abuse and addiction with dedicated small animal positron emission tomography","volume":"56","author":"Dalley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1746","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1301529","article-title":"Brain regional Fos expression elicited by the activation of mu- but not delta-opioid receptors of the ventral tegmental area: evidence for an implication of\u00a0the ventral thalamus in opiate reward","volume":"33","author":"David","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2009.09.004","article-title":"Modulation of alcohol and nicotine responses through the endogenous opioid system","volume":"90","author":"Drews","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1952","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1335167","article-title":"Cloning of a delta opioid receptor by functional expression","volume":"258","author":"Evans","year":"1992","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3125","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2008.0089","article-title":"Review. Neural mechanisms underlying the vulnerability to develop compulsive drug-seeking habits and addiction","volume":"363","author":"Everitt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-1600.2011.00378.x","article-title":"Increased ethanol intake in prodynorphin knockout mice is associated to changes in opioid receptor function and dopamine transmission","volume":"17","author":"Femenia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Addict Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1038\/76061","article-title":"Mice deficient for delta- and mu-opioid receptors exhibit opposing alterations of emotional responses","volume":"25","author":"Filliol","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-011-1129-z","article-title":"Utility of genetically modified mice for understanding the neurobiology of substance use disorders","volume":"131","author":"Fowler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145708009450","article-title":"Prodynorphin gene disruption increases the sensitivity to nicotine self-administration in mice","volume":"12","author":"Galeote","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2006.12.003","article-title":"Conditional gene targeting in the mouse nervous system: insights into brain function and diseases","volume":"113","author":"Gaveriaux-Ruff","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1097\/FBP.0b013e32834a1f2c","article-title":"Delta opioid receptor analgesia: recent contributions from pharmacology and molecular approaches","volume":"22","author":"Gaveriaux-Ruff","year":"2011","journal-title":"Behav. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.12.031","article-title":"Genetic ablation of delta opioid receptors in nociceptive sensory neurons increases chronic pain and abolishes opioid analgesia","volume":"152","author":"Gaveriaux-Ruff","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2005.04.006","article-title":"Lack of stimulant and anxiolytic-like effects of ethanol and accelerated development of ethanol dependence in mu-opioid receptor knockout mice","volume":"49","author":"Ghozland","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-03-01146.2002","article-title":"Motivational effects of cannabinoids are mediated by mu-opioid and kappa-opioid receptors","volume":"22","author":"Ghozland","year":"2002","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.2174\/156802609789630956","article-title":"Endogenous opioids and addiction to alcohol and other drugs of abuse","volume":"9","author":"Gianoulakis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.08.021","article-title":"Impaired emotional-like behavior and serotonergic function during protracted abstinence from chronic morphine","volume":"69","author":"Goeldner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6666","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.12.6666","article-title":"Dynorphin-(1-13), an extraordinarily potent opioid peptide","volume":"76","author":"Goldstein","year":"1979","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1998.tb03706.x","article-title":"Intravenous self-administration of\u00a0ethanol in beta-endorphin-deficient mice","volume":"22","author":"Grahame","year":"1998","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11111","article-title":"Structure of the delta-opioid receptor bound to naltrindole","volume":"485","author":"Granier","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(99)01384-0","article-title":"Ethanol oral self-administration is increased in mutant mice with decreased beta-endorphin expression","volume":"835","author":"Grisel","year":"1999","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1038\/295206a0","article-title":"Molecular cloning establishes proenkephalin as precursor of enkephalin-containing peptides","volume":"295","author":"Gubler","year":"1982","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib49","first-page":"783","article-title":"Endorphins, hypothalamic and neurohypophysial peptides with morphinomimetic activity: isolation and molecular structure of alpha-endorphin","volume":"282","author":"Guillemin","year":"1976","journal-title":"C.\u00a0R. Acad. Sci. Hebd Seances Acad. Sci. D"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.08.008","article-title":"Cost of disorders of the brain in Europe 2010","volume":"21","author":"Gustavsson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2010.11.010","article-title":"Nicotine and endogenous opioids: neurochemical and pharmacological evidence","volume":"60","author":"Hadjiconstantinou","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbrainres.2003.10.024","article-title":"mu-Opioid receptor knockout mice display reduced cocaine conditioned place preference but enhanced sensitization of cocaine-induced locomotion","volume":"121","author":"Hall","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130000622","article-title":"Ethanol consumption and reward are decreased in mu-opiate receptor knockout mice","volume":"154","author":"Hall","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2004.07.002","article-title":"Operant self-administration of ethanol in C57BL\/6 mice lacking beta-endorphin and enkephalin","volume":"79","author":"Hayward","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3110","article-title":"Pharmacogenetic approaches to the treatment of alcohol addiction","volume":"12","author":"Heilig","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.3389\/neuro.02.022.2009","article-title":"The use of lentiviral vectors and Cre\/loxP to investigate the function of genes in complex behaviors","volume":"2","author":"Heldt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1038\/258577a0","article-title":"Identification of two related pentapeptides from the brain with potent opiate agonist activity","volume":"258","author":"Hughes","year":"1975","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.01.025","article-title":"Genetic and pharmacological manipulation of mu opioid receptors in mice reveals a differential effect on behavioral sensitization to cocaine","volume":"125","author":"Hummel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07454","article-title":"A\u00a0glimmer of light for neuropsychiatric disorders","volume":"455","author":"Hyman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.02.015","article-title":"Dual role of nicotine in addiction and cognition: a review of neuroimaging studies in humans","author":"Jasinska","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1038\/298245a0","article-title":"Cloning and sequence analysis of\u00a0cDNA for porcine beta-neo-endorphin\/dynorphin precursor","volume":"298","author":"Kakidani","year":"1982","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2011.46","article-title":"New medications for drug addiction hiding in glutamatergic neuroplasticity","volume":"16","author":"Kalivas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-012-1146-6","article-title":"Drosophila melanogaster as a model to study drug addiction","volume":"131","author":"Kaun","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02071128","article-title":"Recent advances in molecular recognition and signal transduction of active peptides: receptors for opioid peptides","volume":"15","author":"Kieffer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12048","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.24.12048","article-title":"The delta-opioid receptor: isolation of a cDNA by expression cloning and pharmacological characterization","volume":"89","author":"Kieffer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(02)00008-4","article-title":"Exploring the opioid system by gene knockout","volume":"66","author":"Kieffer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-011-1128-0","article-title":"Zebrafish: a model for the study of addiction genetics","volume":"131","author":"Klee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2009.09.074","article-title":"Dynorphin, stress, and depression","volume":"1314","author":"Knoll","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(02)00242-2","article-title":"Ethanol consumption patterns and conditioned place preference in mice lacking preproenkephalin","volume":"325","author":"Koenig","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2828","article-title":"Development of pharmacotherapies for drug addiction: a Rosetta stone approach","volume":"8","author":"Koob","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.59.103006.093548","article-title":"Addiction and the brain antireward system","volume":"59","author":"Koob","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/0-306-47939-7_19","article-title":"Animal models of motivation for drinking in rodents with a focus on opioid receptor neuropharmacology","volume":"16","author":"Koob","year":"2003","journal-title":"Recent Dev. Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2009.110","article-title":"Neurocircuitry of addiction","volume":"35","author":"Koob","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ALC.0000164361.62346.D6","article-title":"Decreased oral self-administration of alcohol in kappa-opioid receptor knock-out mice","volume":"29","author":"Kovacs","year":"2005","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.40.1.389","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms and regulation of opioid receptor signaling","volume":"40","author":"Law","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00005.2009","article-title":"Reward processing by the opioid system in the brain","volume":"89","author":"Le Merrer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-012-2693-1","article-title":"Cues predicting drug or food reward restore morphine-induced place conditioning in mice lacking delta opioid receptors","volume":"223","author":"Le Merrer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.10.021","article-title":"Deletion of the delta opioid receptor gene impairs place conditioning but preserves morphine reinforcement","volume":"69","author":"Le Merrer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300529","article-title":"Mu-opioid receptors are not involved in acute cocaine-induced locomotor activity nor in development of cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization in mice","volume":"30","author":"Lesscher","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.73.4.1145","article-title":"Isolation and structure of an untriakontapeptide with opiate activity from camel pituitary glands","volume":"73","author":"Li","year":"1976","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib81","first-page":"1007","article-title":"Opioid and cannabinoid modulation of precipitated withdrawal in delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol and morphine-dependent mice","volume":"298","author":"Lichtman","year":"2001","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib82","series-title":"Animal Models of Drug Addiction","first-page":"191","article-title":"Sensitization","author":"Loweth","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2012.11.002","article-title":"Opioid receptors: distinct roles in mood disorders","volume":"36","author":"Lutz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2013.02.005","article-title":"The multiple facets of opioid receptor function: implications for addiction","volume":"23","author":"Lutz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2011.02.035","article-title":"Neurochemical basis of cannabis addiction","volume":"181","author":"Maldonado","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1126\/science.273.5275.657","article-title":"Reduction of morphine abstinence in mice with a mutation in the gene encoding CREB","volume":"273","author":"Maldonado","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10954","article-title":"Crystal structure of the micro-opioid receptor bound to a morphinan antagonist","volume":"485","author":"Manglik","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(95)93946-U","article-title":"Opioid-receptor mRNA expression\u00a0in the rat CNS: anatomical and functional implications","volume":"18","author":"Mansour","year":"1995","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-007-1053-z","article-title":"The role of beta-endorphin in the acute motor stimulatory and rewarding actions of cocaine in mice","volume":"197","author":"Marquez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2007.01.005","article-title":"The mu opioid receptor is involved in buprenorphine-induced locomotor stimulation and conditioned place preference","volume":"52","author":"Marquez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.10.002","article-title":"Increased gabaergic input to ventral tegmental area dopaminergic neurons associated with decreased cocaine reinforcement in mu-opioid receptor knockout mice","volume":"130","author":"Mathon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1038\/383819a0","article-title":"Loss of morphine-induced analgesia, reward effect and withdrawal symptoms in mice lacking the mu-opioid-receptor gene","volume":"383","author":"Matthes","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10891","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0937-11.2011","article-title":"alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on dopaminergic neurons mediate nicotine reward and anxiety relief","volume":"31","author":"McGranahan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300860","article-title":"Prior activation of kappa opioid receptors by U50,488 mimics repeated forced swim stress to potentiate cocaine place preference conditioning","volume":"31","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300872","article-title":"Social defeat stress-induced behavioral responses are mediated by the endogenous kappa opioid system","volume":"31","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5674","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-13-05674.2003","article-title":"Kappa opioid receptor antagonism and prodynorphin gene disruption block stress-induced behavioral responses","volume":"23","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2003","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhp159","article-title":"Deletion of CREB1 from the dorsal telencephalon reduces motivational properties of cocaine","volume":"20","author":"McPherson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1957","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300957","article-title":"Involvement of kappa\/dynorphin system in WIN 55,212-2 self-administration in mice","volume":"31","author":"Mendizabal","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2396","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-03-02396.1995","article-title":"The human mu opioid receptor: modulation of functional desensitization by calcium\/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase and protein kinase C","volume":"15","author":"Mestek","year":"1995","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-010-1946-0","article-title":"Lack of a rewarding effect and a locomotor-enhancing effect of the selective mu-opioid receptor agonist amidino-TAPA","volume":"212","author":"Mizoguchi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e269","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0050269","article-title":"Genetic dissection of behavioural and autonomic effects of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol in mice","volume":"5","author":"Monory","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1526-968X(200002)26:2<99::AID-GENE1>3.0.CO;2-B","article-title":"Cre recombinase: the universal reagent for genome tailoring","volume":"26","author":"Nagy","year":"2000","journal-title":"Genesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1038\/278423a0","article-title":"Nucleotide sequence of cloned cDNA for bovine corticotropin-beta-lipotropin precursor","volume":"278","author":"Nakanishi","year":"1979","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1578","article-title":"Is there a common molecular pathway for addiction?","volume":"8","author":"Nestler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2647","article-title":"Animal models of neuropsychiatric disorders","volume":"13","author":"Nestler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2012.04.040","article-title":"The rewarding action of acute cocaine is reduced in beta-endorphin deficient but not in mu opioid receptor knockout mice","volume":"686","author":"Nguyen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2012.02.021","article-title":"The role of mu opioid receptors in psychomotor stimulation and conditioned place preference induced by morphine-6-glucuronide","volume":"682","author":"Nguyen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2011.10.035","article-title":"The role of endogenous dynorphin in ethanol-induced state-dependent CPP","volume":"227","author":"Nguyen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2007.12.042","article-title":"Implication of endogenous beta-endorphin in the inhibition of the morphine-induced rewarding effect by the direct activation of spinal protein kinase C in mice","volume":"433","author":"Niikura","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10906","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-24-10906.2002","article-title":"Genetic dissociation of opiate tolerance and physical dependence in delta-opioid receptor-1 and preproenkephalin knock-out mice","volume":"22","author":"Nitsche","year":"2002","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1038\/295202a0","article-title":"Cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA for bovine adrenal preproenkephalin","volume":"295","author":"Noda","year":"1982","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2005.06.018","article-title":"Critical assessment of how to study addiction and its treatment: human and non-human animal models","volume":"108","author":"O'Brien","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1126\/science.179.4077.1011","article-title":"Opiate receptor: demonstration in nervous tissue","volume":"179","author":"Pert","year":"1973","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib114","first-page":"14","article-title":"New pharmacotherapies for treating the neurobiology of alcohol and drug addiction","volume":"3","author":"Pettinati","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychiatry (Edgmont.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a012880","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a012880","article-title":"Rational development of addiction pharmacotherapies: successes, failures, and prospects","volume":"2","author":"Pierce","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a012021","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a012021","article-title":"Psychostimulant-induced neuroadaptations in nucleus accumbens AMPA receptor transmission","volume":"3","author":"Pierce","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2008.05.006","article-title":"Genetic variability in nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and nicotine addiction: converging evidence from human and animal research","volume":"193","author":"Portugal","year":"2008","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.02.009","article-title":"Neuroscience of behavioral and pharmacological treatments for addictions","volume":"69","author":"Potenza","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2011.06.008","article-title":"The delta opioid receptor: an evolving target for the treatment of brain disorders","volume":"32","author":"Pradhan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e175","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2012.103","article-title":"Short- and long-lasting behavioral and neurochemical adaptations: relationship with patterns of cocaine administration and expectation of drug effects in rats","volume":"2","author":"Puig","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-1600.2012.00494.x","article-title":"Long-term ethanol effects on acute stress responses: modulation by dynorphin","volume":"18","author":"Racz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Addict. Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.05.008","article-title":"The opioid peptides enkephalin and beta-endorphin in alcohol dependence","volume":"64","author":"Racz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-1600.2011.00394.x","article-title":"Characterization of an alcohol addiction-prone phenotype in mice","volume":"17","author":"Radwanska","year":"2011","journal-title":"Addict Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-008-1122-y","article-title":"Stress-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking is mediated by the kappa opioid system","volume":"200","author":"Redila","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib125","first-page":"1249","article-title":"Increased ethanol self-administration in delta-opioid receptor knockout mice","volume":"25","author":"Roberts","year":"2001","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib126","first-page":"1002","article-title":"mu-Opioid receptor knockout mice do not self-administer alcohol","volume":"293","author":"Roberts","year":"2000","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3137","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2008.0093","article-title":"Review. The incentive sensitization theory of addiction: some current issues","volume":"363","author":"Robinson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2004.03532.x","article-title":"The rewarding properties of MDMA are preserved in mice lacking mu-opioid receptors","volume":"20","author":"Robledo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2008.06.003","article-title":"Beta-endorphin and drug-induced reward and reinforcement","volume":"86","author":"Roth-Deri","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-1600.2006.00012.x","article-title":"Behavioural assessment of drug reinforcement and addictive features in rodents: an overview","volume":"11","author":"Sanchis-Segura","year":"2006","journal-title":"Addict Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2009.00944.x","article-title":"Proopiomelanocortin peptides are not essential for development of ethanol-induced behavioral sensitization","volume":"33","author":"Sharpe","year":"2009","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin. Exp. Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2294","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.22386","article-title":"mu-Opioid receptor knockout mice are insensitive to methamphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization","volume":"88","author":"Shen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2007.06.011","article-title":"Dynorphin and the pathophysiology of drug addiction","volume":"116","author":"Shippenberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2007.05.011","article-title":"Enkephalin release promotes homeostatic increases in constitutively active mu opioid receptors during morphine withdrawal","volume":"149","author":"Shoblock","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1947","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.70.7.1947","article-title":"Stereospecific binding of the potent narcotic analgesic (3H) etorphine to rat-brain homogenate","volume":"70","author":"Simon","year":"1973","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib135","first-page":"1015","article-title":"The human delta-opioid receptor: genomic organization, cDNA cloning, functional expression, and distribution in human brain","volume":"46","author":"Simonin","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7006","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.15.7006","article-title":"kappa-Opioid receptor in humans: cDNA and genomic cloning, chromosomal assignment, functional expression, pharmacology, and expression pattern in the central nervous system","volume":"92","author":"Simonin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/17.4.886","article-title":"Disruption of the kappa-opioid receptor gene in mice enhances sensitivity to chemical visceral pain, impairs pharmacological actions of the selective kappa-agonist U-50,488H and attenuates morphine withdrawal","volume":"17","author":"Simonin","year":"1998","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.03956.x","article-title":"Endogenous enkephalins, not endorphins, modulate basal hedonic state in mice","volume":"21","author":"Skoubis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1038\/bjp.2008.130","article-title":"The endocannabinoid system in brain reward processes","volume":"154","author":"Solinas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(00)00252-9","article-title":"Mu\u00a0opiate\u00a0receptor gene dose effects on different morphine actions: evidence for differential in\u00a0vivo mu receptor reserve","volume":"25","author":"Sora","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S1521-6918(03)00031-3","article-title":"Alcohol addiction research: from animal models to clinics","volume":"17","author":"Spanagel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2046","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.6.2046","article-title":"Opposing tonically active endogenous opioid systems modulate the mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway","volume":"89","author":"Spanagel","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-010-1844-5","article-title":"Endogenous kappa-opioid mediation of stress-induced potentiation of ethanol-conditioned place preference and self-administration","volume":"210","author":"Sperling","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1515\/rns.2011.011","article-title":"Zebrafish models to study drug abuse-related phenotypes","volume":"22","author":"Stewart","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.025","article-title":"Functional relevance of mu-delta opioid receptor heteromerization: a role in novel signaling and implications for the treatment of addiction disorders: from a symposium on new concepts in mu-opioid pharmacology","volume":"121","author":"Stockton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1973.tb01539.x","article-title":"Characteristics of the \u201creceptor\u201d for narcotic analgesics in synaptic plasma membrane fraction from rat brain","volume":"33","author":"Terenius","year":"1973","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol. (Copenh.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.185.8.1517","article-title":"Altered hematopoiesis, behavior, and sexual function in mu opioid receptor-deficient mice","volume":"185","author":"Tian","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2009.10.011","article-title":"The endogenous opioid system: a common substrate in drug addiction","volume":"108","author":"Trigo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2009.03.013","article-title":"Nicotine anxiogenic and rewarding effects are decreased in mice lacking beta-endorphin","volume":"56","author":"Trigo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1168878","article-title":"Phasic firing in dopaminergic neurons is sufficient for behavioral conditioning","volume":"324","author":"Tsai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2011.06.026","article-title":"Recent advances in understanding nicotinic receptor signaling mechanisms that regulate drug self-administration behavior","volume":"82","author":"Tuesta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-1600.2007.00070.x","article-title":"Measuring reward with the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm: update of the last decade","volume":"12","author":"Tzschentke","year":"2007","journal-title":"Addict Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9284","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-24-09284.2000","article-title":"Cannabinoid withdrawal syndrome is reduced in pre-proenkephalin knock-out mice","volume":"20","author":"Valverde","year":"2000","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.110.170969","article-title":"Dual efficacy of delta opioid receptor-selective ligands for ethanol drinking and anxiety","volume":"335","author":"van Rijn","year":"2010","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.05.019","article-title":"The delta(1) opioid receptor is a heterodimer that opposes the actions of the delta(2) receptor on alcohol intake","volume":"66","author":"van Rijn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/7854_2009_21","article-title":"Sensitization processes in drug addiction","volume":"3","author":"Vanderschuren","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2005.01.021","article-title":"Molecular and cellular basis of cannabinoid and opioid interactions","volume":"81","author":"Vigano","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2011.84","article-title":"New medications for substance use disorders: challenges and opportunities","volume":"37","author":"Volkow","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.05.005","article-title":"Mu-opioid receptor and CREB activation are required for nicotine reward","volume":"46","author":"Walters","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e8616","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008616","article-title":"Conditional knockout of NMDA receptors in dopamine neurons prevents nicotine-conditioned place preference","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-010-1825-8","article-title":"The role of the dynorphin-kappa opioid system in the reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse","volume":"210","author":"Wee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1193771","article-title":"Cholinergic interneurons control local circuit activity and cocaine conditioning","volume":"330","author":"Witten","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3742","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI45178","article-title":"What is this thing called pain?","volume":"120","author":"Woolf","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10939","article-title":"Structure of the human kappa-opioid receptor in complex with JDTic","volume":"485","author":"Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2005.10.089","article-title":"Differential effects of morphine- and cocaine-induced nNOS immunoreactivity in the dentate gyrus of hippocampus of mice lacking mu-opioid receptors","volume":"395","author":"Yoo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2005.01.001","article-title":"Reduced nNOS expression induced by repeated nicotine treatment in mu-opioid receptor knockout mice","volume":"380","author":"Yoo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1993","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2012.01952.x","article-title":"The endogenous opioid system in cocaine addiction: what lessons have opioid peptide and receptor knockout mice taught us?","volume":"166","author":"Yoo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.10303","article-title":"Loss of nicotine-induced behavioral sensitization in micro-opioid receptor knockout mice","volume":"51","author":"Yoo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Synapse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(03)00410-5","article-title":"Differential effects of morphine and cocaine on locomotor activity and sensitization in mu-opioid receptor knockout mice","volume":"344","author":"Yoo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14519","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0705740104","article-title":"Central serotonergic neurons are differentially required for opioid analgesia but not for morphine tolerance or morphine reward","volume":"104","author":"Zhao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028_bib170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9499","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-23-09499.2001","article-title":"Absence of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol dysphoric effects in dynorphin-deficient mice","volume":"21","author":"Zimmer","year":"2001","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."}],"container-title":["Neuropharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S002839081300395X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S002839081300395X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,23]],"date-time":"2019-07-23T16:56:29Z","timestamp":1563900989000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S002839081300395X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"references-count":172,"alternative-id":["S002839081300395X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-3908"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-3908","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"15 years of genetic approaches in\u00a0vivo for addiction research: Opioid receptor and peptide gene knockout in mouse models of drug abuse","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuropharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}