{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T05:04:00Z","timestamp":1790744640071,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":159,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Community's Sixth Framework Program","award":["LSHM-CT-2007-037286"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LSHM-CT-2007-037286"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuropharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,6]],"date-time":"2014-11-06T15:59:49Z","timestamp":1415289589000},"page":"289-301","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"special_numbering":"PB","title":["The nicotinic cholinergic system function in the human brain"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Frauke","family":"Nees","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.949","article-title":"Cognitive, psychiatric and motor response to galantamine in Parkinson's disease with dementia","volume":"18","author":"Aarsland","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2010.18","article-title":"Altered neural cholinergic receptor systems in cocaine-addicted subjects","volume":"35","author":"Adinoff","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(01)00178-6","article-title":"Modulation of spatial attention by fear-conditioned stimuli: an event-related fMRI study","volume":"40","author":"Armony","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2012.01.015","article-title":"Neuroglialpharmacology: myelination as a shared mechanism of action of psychotropic treatments","volume":"62","author":"Bartzokis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pa.36.040196.003121","article-title":"Pharmacology of nicotine: addiction and therapeutics","volume":"36","author":"Benowitz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00776.2002","article-title":"Effects of attention and emotion on repetition priming and their modulation by cholinergic enhancement","volume":"90","author":"Bentley","year":"2003","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00302-1","article-title":"Cholinergic enhancement modulates neural correlates of selective attention and emotional processing","volume":"20","author":"Bentley","year":"2003","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797611400918","article-title":"In the trenches of real-world self- control: neural correlates of breaking the link between craving and smoking","volume":"22","author":"Berkman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(03)00378-6","article-title":"Cholinergic interneurons of the nucleus accumbens and dorsal striatum are activated by the self-administration of cocaine","volume":"120","author":"Berlanga","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2008.07111711","article-title":"Variants in nicotinic receptors and risk for nicotine dependence","volume":"165","author":"Bierut","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.06.044","article-title":"Left prefrontal cortex control of novel occurrences during recollection: a psychopharmacological study using scopolamine and even-trelated fMRI","volume":"33","author":"Bozzali","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(00)00121-4","article-title":"Abnormal regulation of high affinity nicotinic receptors in subjects with schizophrenia","volume":"23","author":"Breese","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1017\/S146114570800922X","article-title":"Brain nicotinic acetylcholine receptor occupancy: effect of smoking a denicotinized cigarette","volume":"12","author":"Brody","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(03)00610-3","article-title":"Differences between smokers and nonsmokers in regional gray matter volumes and densities","volume":"55","author":"Brody","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.10.026","article-title":"Neural substrates of resisting craving during cigarette cue exposure","volume":"62","author":"Brody","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2013.53","article-title":"Treatment for tobacco dependence: effect on brain nicotinic acetylcholine receptor density","volume":"38","author":"Brody","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881108093271","article-title":"Cholinergic agonism alters cognitive processing and enhances brain functional connectivity in patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"23","author":"Cader","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7634(02)00007-6","article-title":"Emotion and motivation: the role of the amygdala, ventral striatum, and prefrontal cortex","volume":"26","author":"Cardinal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib21","first-page":"1634","article-title":"Association of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4 polymorphisms with smoking behaviors in Chinese male smokers","volume":"124","author":"Chu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chin. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(85)90456-1","article-title":"Autoradiographic evidence for nicotine receptors on nigrostriatal and mesolimbic dopaminergic neurons","volume":"348","author":"Clarke","year":"1985","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.04.251","article-title":"Nicotine replacement in abstinent smokers improves cognitive withdrawal symptoms with modulation of resting brain network dynamics","volume":"52","author":"Cole","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2009.41","article-title":"beta2-Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor availability during acute and prolonged abstinence from tobacco smoking","volume":"66","author":"Cosgrove","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntq040","article-title":"Beta2* nicotinic acetylcholine receptors modulate pain sensitivity in acutely abstinent tobacco smokers","volume":"12","author":"Cosgrove","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.1465","article-title":"Sex differences in availability of \u03b22*-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in recently abstinent tobacco smokers","volume":"69","author":"Cosgrove","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(00)00071-3","article-title":"Nicotine binding in human striatum: elevation in schizophrenia and reductions in dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease and in relation to neuroleptic medication","volume":"98","author":"Court","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2011.08.010","article-title":"Cigarette smoking and white matter microstructure in schizophrenia","volume":"201","author":"Cullen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-126","article-title":"Toward the future of psychiatric diagnosis: the seven pillars of RDoC","volume":"11","author":"Cuthbert","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2005.03.003","article-title":"In\u00a0vivo regulation of GSK3 phosphorylation by cholinergic and NMDA receptors","volume":"27","author":"De Sarno","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/S0740-5472(02)00300-8","article-title":"Is the FTND a measure of physical as well as psychological tobacco dependence?","volume":"23","author":"Dijkstra","year":"2002","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Subst. Abus. Treat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-2396(20001201)38:3<313::AID-SYN10>3.0.CO;2-6","article-title":"Nicotine effects on regional cerebral blood flow in awake, resting tobacco smokers","volume":"38","author":"Domino","year":"2000","journal-title":"Synapse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.159.6.954","article-title":"Activation in mesolimbic and visuospatial neural circuits elicited by smoking cues: evidence from functional magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"159","author":"Due","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1097\/gme.0b013e3181e04db9","article-title":"Cholinergic modulation of hippocampal activity during episodic memory encoding in postmenopausal women: a pilot study","volume":"17","author":"Dumas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e3181602a2b","article-title":"Nicotinic versus muscarinic blockade alters verbal working memory-related brain activity in older women","volume":"16","author":"Dumas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Ger. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/10.3.308","article-title":"Dissociable functions in the medial and lateral orbitofrontal cortex: evidence from human neuroimaging studies","volume":"10","author":"Elliott","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4728","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.061369098","article-title":"Effect of nicotine on brain activation during performance of a working memory task","volume":"98","author":"Ernst","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2007.04.027","article-title":"Nicotine receptor gene CHRNA4 modulates early event-related potentials in auditory and visual oddball target detection tasks","volume":"147","author":"Espeseth","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.112.111922","article-title":"Imaging changes in synaptic acetylcholine availability in living human subjects","volume":"54","author":"Esterlis","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Nucl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.12.029","article-title":"Effects of acute nicotine on brain function in healthy smokers and nonsmokers: estimation of inter-individual response heterogeneity","volume":"45","author":"Ettinger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1086\/422194","article-title":"A\u00a0common haplotype of the nicotine acetylcholine receptor alpha 4 subunit gene is associated with vulnerability to nicotine addiction in men","volume":"75","author":"Feng","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib42","first-page":"1","article-title":"Learning and brain plasticity in mental disorders","volume":"32","author":"Flor","year":"2014","journal-title":"Restor. Neurol. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-895X(25)08832-7","article-title":"A\u00a0subtype of nicotinic cholinergic receptor in rat brain is composed of alpha 4 and beta 2 subunits and is up-regulated by chronic nicotine treatment","volume":"41","author":"Flores","year":"1992","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.190","article-title":"Effects of varenicline on smoking cue-triggered neural and craving responses","volume":"68","author":"Franklin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(94)00252-X","article-title":"Evidence in postmortem brain tissue for decreased numbers of hippocampal nicotinic receptors in schizophrenia","volume":"38","author":"Freedman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2007.08.020","article-title":"Pattern classification of sad facial processing: toward the development of neurobiological markers in depression","volume":"63","author":"Fu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2315","DOI":"10.1126\/science.290.5500.2315","article-title":"Cholinergic enhancement and increased selectivity of perceptual processing during working memory","volume":"290","author":"Furey","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1744","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2006.05050.x","article-title":"Smoking and structural brain deficits: a volumetric MR investigation","volume":"24","author":"Gallinat","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e318172b49e","article-title":"Nicotinic antagonist augmentation of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor-refractory major depressive disorder: a preliminary study","volume":"28","author":"George","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2007.19.4.658","article-title":"fMRI data predict individual differences of behavioral effects of nicotine: a partial least square analysis","volume":"19","author":"Giessing","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.07.061","article-title":"Genetic variation in nicotinic receptors affects brain networks involved in reorienting attention","volume":"59","author":"Giessing","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.10.005","article-title":"The modulatory effects of nicotine on parietal cortex activity in a cued target detection task depend on cue reliability","volume":"137","author":"Giessing","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh671","article-title":"Cholinergic challenge in Alzheimer patients and mild cognitive impairment differentially affects hippocampal activation\u2014a pharmacological fMRI study","volume":"129","author":"Goekoop","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2116","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr145","article-title":"Cigarette smoking is associated with reduced microstructural integrity of cerebral white matter","volume":"134","author":"Gons","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.2174\/1568007023339283","article-title":"Human brain nicotinic receptors, their distribution and participation in neuropsychiatric disorders","volume":"1","author":"Graham","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Target CNS Neurol. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2012.02.010","article-title":"A\u00a0cognitive phenotype for a polymorphism in the nicotinic receptor gene CHRNA4","volume":"36","author":"Greenwood","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e328306f2c5","article-title":"Resting-state functional connectivity in neuropsychiatric disorders","volume":"21","author":"Greicius","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhn059","article-title":"Resting-state functional connectivity reflects structural connectivity in the default mode network","volume":"19","author":"Greicius","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2010.08.015","article-title":"Cholinergic system function and cognition in mild cognitive impairment","volume":"33","author":"Haense","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1990","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhn226","article-title":"Performance effects of nicotine during selective attention, divided attention, and simple stimulus detection: an fMRI study","volume":"19","author":"Hahn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3477","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5129-06.2007","article-title":"Nicotine enhances visuospatial attention by deactivating areas of the resting brain default network","volume":"27","author":"Hahn","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370213497326","article-title":"Cholinergic enhancement differentially modulates neural response to encoding during face identity and face location working memory tasks","volume":"238","author":"Handjaras","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-010-1848-1","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the acute effects of nicotine and smoking on human performance","volume":"210","author":"Heishman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1716","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000191154.78131.f6","article-title":"Dementia in Parkinson disease: functional imaging of cholinergic and dopaminergic pathways","volume":"65","author":"Hilker","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6295","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0910-08.2008","article-title":"Individual differences in psychotic effects of ketamine are predicted by brain function measured under placebo","volume":"28","author":"Honey","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2009.2","article-title":"Association of nicotine addiction and nicotine's actions with separate cingulate cortex functional circuits","volume":"66","author":"Hong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13509","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1004745107","article-title":"A\u00a0genetically modulated, intrinsic cingulate circuit supports human nicotine addiction","volume":"107","author":"Hong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbp089","article-title":"Nicotine enhances but does not normalize visual sustained attention and the associated brain network in schizophrenia","volume":"37","author":"Hong","year":"2011","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14847","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2271-09.2009","article-title":"Prostate stem cell antigen is an endogenous lynx1-Like prototoxin that antagonizes \u03b17-containing nicotinic receptors and prevents programmed cell death of parasympathetic neurons","volume":"29","author":"Hruska","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-011-2621-9","article-title":"Cigarette smoking and white matter microstructure","volume":"221","author":"Hudkins","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2003.12.023","article-title":"Nicotine effects on brain function and functional connectivity in schizophrenia","volume":"55","author":"Jacobsen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13491","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2402-07.2007","article-title":"Prenatal and adolescent exposure to tobacco smoke modulates the development of white matter microstructure","volume":"27","author":"Jacobsen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2339","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2010.103","article-title":"Neural substrates of attentional bias for smoking-related cues: an fMRI study","volume":"35","author":"Janes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.06.009","article-title":"Association between CHRNA5 genetic variation at rs16969968 and brain reactivity to smoking images in nicotine dependent women","volume":"120","author":"Janes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.02.015","article-title":"Dual role of nicotine in addiction and cognition: a review of neuroimaging studies in humans","volume":"84","author":"Jasinska","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-011-0617-1","article-title":"Age-dependent association between cigarette smoking on white matter hyperintensities","volume":"33","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-1600.2010.00237.x","article-title":"Nicotine increases neural response to unpleasant stimuli and anxiety in non-smokers","volume":"16","author":"Kobiella","year":"2011","journal-title":"Addict. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1747","article-title":"The human orbitofrontal cortex: linking reward to hedonic experience","volume":"6","author":"Kringelbach","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2013.00117","article-title":"Acute nicotine administration effects on fractional anisotropy of cerebral white matter and associated attention performance","volume":"4","author":"Kochunov","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.12.021","article-title":"Relationship between white matter fractional anisotropy and other indices of cerebral health in normal aging: tract-based spatial statistics study of aging","volume":"35","author":"Kochunov","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.08.004","article-title":"Reduced thickness of medial orbitofrontal cortex in smokers","volume":"68","author":"K\u00fchn","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8119","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0203-09.2009","article-title":"Cholinergic stimulation enhances neural activity associated with encoding but reduces neural activity associated with retrieval in humans","volume":"29","author":"Kukolja","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00110-1","article-title":"Cognitive effects of nicotine in humans: an fMRI study","volume":"19","author":"Kumari","year":"2003","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2606","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.20.2606","article-title":"Smoking and mental illness: a population-based prevalence study","volume":"284","author":"Lasser","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)01004-8","article-title":"Cognitive mechanisms of nicotine on visual attention","volume":"36","author":"Lawrence","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(01)00538-3","article-title":"Hippocampal a7 and a4b2 nicotinic receptors and working memory","volume":"109","author":"Levin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e26460","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0026460","article-title":"Bilateral fronto-parietal integrity in young chronic cigarette smokers: a diffusion tensor imaging study","volume":"6","author":"Liao","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2012.09.013","article-title":"Heavy smokers show abnormal microstructural integrity in the anterior corpus callosum: a diffusion tensor imaging study with tract-based spatial statistics","volume":"129","author":"Lin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1021\/cn100070s","article-title":"(S)-(+)-Mecamylamine (TC-5214): a neuronal nicotinic receptor modulator enters phase III trials as an adjunct treatment for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)","volume":"1","author":"Lindsley","year":"2010","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-5949.2008.00054.x","article-title":"TC-5214 (S-(+)-Mecamylamine): a neuronal nicotinic receptor modulator with antidepressant activity","volume":"14","author":"Lippiello","year":"2008","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-1600.2011.00324.x","article-title":"Brain activity and emotional processing in smokers treated with varenicline","volume":"18","author":"Loughead","year":"2013","journal-title":"Addict. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.01.016","article-title":"Effects of the [alpha]4[beta]2 partial agonist varenicline on brain activity and working memory in abstinent smokers","volume":"67","author":"Loughead","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib91","article-title":"Genetic modeling of tobacco use behavior and trajectories","author":"Maes","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1007\/s10519-011-9476-z","article-title":"A\u00a0twin association study of nicotine dependence with markers in the CHRNA3 and CHRNA5 genes","volume":"41","author":"Maes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Behav. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3631","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0003631","article-title":"Functional diffusion tensor imaging: measuring task-related fractional anisotropy changes in the human brain along white matter tracts","volume":"3","author":"Mandl","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.08.059","article-title":"The dopamine D2 receptor gene DRD2 and the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene CHRNA4 interact on striatal gray matter volume: evidence from a genetic imaging study","volume":"64","author":"Markett","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.110.178236","article-title":"Increased nicotinic acetylcholine receptor protein underlies chronic nicotine-induced up- regulation of nicotinic agonist binding sites in mouse brain","volume":"387","author":"Marks","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2921","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddm253","article-title":"Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor mRNA expression and binding in postmortem human brain are associated with genetic variation in neuregulin 1","volume":"16","author":"Mathew","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1080\/14622200412331337394","article-title":"Human functional neuroimaging in nicotine and tobacco research: basics, background, and beyond","volume":"6","author":"McClernon","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2009.106","article-title":"Reduced alpha4beta2*-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor binding and its relationship to mild cognitive and depressive symptoms in Parkinson disease","volume":"66","author":"Meyer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.2174\/156720511797633241","article-title":"Effect of cholinergic stimulation in early Alzheimer's disease - functional imaging during a recognition memory task","volume":"8","author":"Miettinen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Alzheimer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2682","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23287","article-title":"CSF Abeta(42) and tau in Parkinson's disease with cognitive impairment","volume":"25","author":"Montine","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2012.08.033","article-title":"Insular and anterior cingulate circuits in smokers with schizophrenia","volume":"142","author":"Moran","year":"2012","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-006-0499-8","article-title":"Smoking impacts on prefrontal attentional network function in young adult brains","volume":"191","author":"Musso","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2081","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2013.131","article-title":"Genetic risk for nicotine dependence in the cholinergic system and activation of the brain reward system in healthy adolescents","volume":"38","author":"Nees","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02247425","article-title":"Acute nicotinic blockade produces cognitive impairment in normal humans","volume":"108","author":"Newhouse","year":"1992","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.1994.11","article-title":"Age-related effects of the nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine on cognition and behavior","volume":"10","author":"Newhouse","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib106","first-page":"628","article-title":"The effects of nicotinic agents on human cognition: possible therapeutic applications in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases","volume":"2","author":"Newhouse","year":"1993","journal-title":"Med. Chem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2003.11.001","article-title":"Effects of nicotinic stimulation on cognitive performance","volume":"4","author":"Newhouse","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntu006","article-title":"Fanolial aggregation of tobacco use behaviours among Amish men","volume":"16","author":"Nugent","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23874","article-title":"Cholinergic enhancement of functional networks in older adults with mild cognitive impairment","volume":"73","author":"Pa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2750","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awg284","article-title":"Potentially adaptive functional changes in cognitive processing for patients with multiple sclerosis and their acute modulation by rivastigmine","volume":"126","author":"Parry","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75Y111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(99)00045-3","article-title":"Neuronal nicotinic receptors in the human brain","volume":"61","author":"Paterson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1080\/14622200701767829","article-title":"Chronic cigarette smoking and the microstructural integrity of white matter in healthy adults: a diffusion tensor imaging study","volume":"10","author":"Paul","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.241650598","article-title":"Dissociation in human prefrontal cortex of affective influences on working memory-related activity","volume":"99","author":"Perlstein","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(98)01361-7","article-title":"Acetylcholine in mind: a neurotransmitter correlate of consciousness?","volume":"22","author":"Perry","year":"1999","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.04.074","article-title":"High density of nicotinic receptors in the cingulo-insular network","volume":"79","author":"Picard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1038\/34413","article-title":"Acetylcholine receptors containing the beta2 subunit are involved in the reinforcing properties of nicotine","volume":"391","author":"Picciotto","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2006.09.015","article-title":"Central nicotinic cholinergic systems: a role in the cognitive dysfunction in attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder?","volume":"175","author":"Potter","year":"2006","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08185","article-title":"Common polygenic variation contributes to risk of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder","volume":"460","author":"Purcell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.98.2.676","article-title":"A\u00a0default mode of brain function","volume":"98","author":"Raichle","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2511","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1990.03450190043026","article-title":"Comorbidity of mental disorders with alcohol and other drug abuse. Results from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) Study","volume":"264","author":"Regier","year":"1990","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(00)01094-5","article-title":"Cognitive effects of nicotine","volume":"49","author":"Rezvani","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2012.07.003","article-title":"Cholinergic enhancement reduces functional connectivity and BOLD variability in visual extrastriate cortex during selective attention","volume":"64","author":"Ricciardi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-010-1788-9","article-title":"Nicotine modulation of information processing is not limited to input (attention) but extends to output (intention)","volume":"209","author":"Rose","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.160.2.323","article-title":"PET studies of the influences of nicotine on neural systems in cigarette smokers","volume":"160","author":"Rose","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2011.04.009","article-title":"Acute effects of nicotine administration during prospective memory, an event related fMRI study","volume":"49","author":"Rusted","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddl438","article-title":"Cholinergic nicotinic receptor genes implicated in a nicotine dependence association study targeting 348 candidate genes with 3713 SNPs","volume":"16","author":"Saccone","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6828889","article-title":"Nicotinic cholinergic receptor binding sites in the brain: regulation in\u00a0vivo","volume":"220","author":"Schwartz","year":"1983","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181ab2b58","article-title":"Mapping of brain acetylcholinesterase alterations in Lewy body disease by PET","volume":"73","author":"Shimada","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13040","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0905267106","article-title":"Correspondence of the brain's functional architecture during activation and rest","volume":"106","author":"Smith","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-005-0080-x","article-title":"Severity of nicotine dependence modulates cue induced brain activity in regions involved in motor preparation and imagery","volume":"184","author":"Smolka","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8707","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0546-06.2006","article-title":"Human tobacco smokers in early abstinence have higher levels of beta2* nicotinic acetylcholine receptors than nonsmokers","volume":"26","author":"Staley","year":"2006","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.8.1009","article-title":"Nicotine-induced limbic cortical activation in the human brain: a functional MRI study","volume":"155","author":"Stein","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S51","DOI":"10.1080\/14622299050011811","article-title":"The genetic epidemiology of smoking","volume":"1","author":"Sullivan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-010-2013-6","article-title":"Chronic smoking, but not acute nicotine administration, modulates neural correlates of working memory","volume":"213","author":"Sutherland","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2013.01.035","article-title":"Down-regulation of amygdala and insula functional circuits by varenicline and nicotine in abstinent cigarette smokers","volume":"74","author":"Sutherland","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-007-9035-9","article-title":"The effects of tobacco smoke and nicotine on cognition and the brain","volume":"17","author":"Swan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuropsychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib138","first-page":"1","article-title":"Nicotine effects on default mode network during resting state","author":"Tanabe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300633","article-title":"Nicotine modulates reorienting of visuospatial attention and neural activity in human parietal cortex","volume":"30","author":"Thiel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib140","first-page":"1295","article-title":"Nicotinic antagonist effects on functional attention networks","volume":"12","author":"Thienel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2011.00961.x","article-title":"Hippocampal \u03b17 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor levels in patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or major depressive disorder","volume":"13","author":"Thomsen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06846","article-title":"A\u00a0variant associated with nicotine dependence, lung cancer and peripheral arterial disease","volume":"452","author":"Thorgeirsson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001257","article-title":"Mutational analysis of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha-4 subunit gene in attention deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: evidence for association of an intronic polymorphism with attention problems","volume":"8","author":"Todd","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2007.08.019","article-title":"Gray matter volume differences and the effects of smoking on gray matter in schizophrenia","volume":"97","author":"Tregellas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.07.004","article-title":"Effects of an alpha 7-nicotinic agonist on default network activity in schizophrenia","volume":"69","author":"Tregellas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e87890","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0087890","article-title":"Abnormal white matter integrity in the corpus callosum among smokers: tract-based spatial statistics","volume":"9","author":"Umene-Nakano","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3127","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20737","article-title":"Functionally linked resting-state networks reflect the underlying structural connectivity architecture of the human brain","volume":"30","author":"van den Heuvel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2010.06.023","article-title":"Triple dissociation of information processing in dorsal striatum, ventral striatum, and hippocampus on a learned spatial decision task","volume":"67","author":"van der Meer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/s10519-004-1327-8","article-title":"Heritability of smoking initiation and nicotine dependence","volume":"35","author":"Vink","year":"2005","journal-title":"Behav. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(01)00328-2","article-title":"Effects of attention and emotion on face processing in the human brain: an event-related fMRI study","volume":"30","author":"Vuilleumier","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2010.10.009","article-title":"Glycogen synthase kinase 3: a point of convergence for the host inflammatory response","volume":"53","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00236","article-title":"Nicotine effects on brain function during a visual oddball task: a comparison between conventional and EEG-informed fMRI analysis","volume":"24","author":"Warbrick","year":"2012","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7050","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.18.7050","article-title":"Expression of muscarinic acetylcholine and dopamine receptor mRNAs in rat basal ganglia","volume":"87","author":"Weiner","year":"1990","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.31126","article-title":"Risk gene variants for nicotine dependence in the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 cluster are associated with cognitive performance","volume":"5","author":"Winterer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Genet. B Neuropsychiatr. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddm168","article-title":"Association of attentional network function with exon 5 variations of the CHRNA4 gene","volume":"16","author":"Winterer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1385\/NI:4:1:51","article-title":"Imaging genomics applied to anxiety, stress response, and resiliency","volume":"4","author":"Xu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.08.008","article-title":"Factors underlying prefrontal and insula structural alterations in smokers","volume":"54","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.06.018","article-title":"Smoking and schizophrenia independently and additively reduce white matter integrity between striatum and frontal cortex","volume":"68","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858402239588","article-title":"Muscarinic and nicotinic cholinergic mechanisms in the mesostriatal dopamine systems","volume":"9","author":"Zhou","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021_bib160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.3.567","article-title":"Regional cerebral blood flow responses to smoking in tobacco smokers after overnight abstinence","volume":"162","author":"Zubieta","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Neuropharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0028390814003967?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0028390814003967?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T15:32:36Z","timestamp":1747150356000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0028390814003967"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"references-count":159,"alternative-id":["S0028390814003967"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-3908"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-3908","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The nicotinic cholinergic system function in the human brain","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuropharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}