{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T17:17:57Z","timestamp":1791220677187,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,22]],"date-time":"2006-02-22T07:28:35Z","timestamp":1140593315000},"page":"629-637","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Recovery from botulinum neurotoxin poisoning in vivo"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"139","author":[{"given":"J.E.","family":"Keller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(99)00231-7","article-title":"Antagonism of botulinum toxin A-mediated muscle paralysis by 3, 4-diaminopyridine delivered via osmotic minipumps","volume":"38","author":"Adler","year":"2000","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(00)00120-3","article-title":"Persistence of botulinum neurotoxin A demonstrated by sequential administration of serotypes A and E in rat EDL muscle","volume":"39","author":"Adler","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1900","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2001.90.5.1900","article-title":"Cardiac and skeletal muscle adaptations to voluntary wheel running in the mouse","volume":"90","author":"Allen","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1815","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(01)00101-5","article-title":"A comparison of the safety margins of botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A, B, and F in mice","volume":"39","author":"Aoki","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib5","first-page":"473","article-title":"Human botulism caused by Clostridium botulinum type E","volume":"48","author":"Ball","year":"1979","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1038\/365160a0","article-title":"Botulinum neurotoxin A selectively cleaves the synaptic protein SNAP-25","volume":"365","author":"Blasi","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7614","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.79.24.7614","article-title":"Tetanus toxin fragment forms channels in lipid vesicles at low pH","volume":"79","author":"Boquet","year":"1982","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.7.1439","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of NeuroBloc (botulinum toxin type B) in type A-responsive cervical dystonia","volume":"53","author":"Brashear","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.7.1431","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of NeuroBloc (botulinum toxin type B) in type A-resistant cervical dystonia","volume":"53","author":"Brin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1980.sp013410","article-title":"Nodal and terminal sprouting from motor nerves in fast and slow muscles of the mouse","volume":"306","author":"Brown","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib11","series-title":"Botulism in the United States, 1899\u20131996. Handbook for epidemiologists, clinicians, and laboratory workers","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/0966-842X(94)90532-0","article-title":"Clostridial neurotoxins in the age of molecular medicine","volume":"2","author":"Coffield","year":"1994","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)91822-9","article-title":"Slow recovery from severe foodborne botulism","volume":"2","author":"Colebatch","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4402-04.2005","article-title":"Antiepileptic effects of botulinum neurotoxin E","volume":"25","author":"Costantin","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1976.sp011510","article-title":"Effects of botulinum toxin on neuromuscular transmission in the rat","volume":"260","author":"Cull-Candy","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(71)90129-8","article-title":"An electron microscopic study of the changes induced by botulinum toxin in the motor end-plates of slow and fast skeletal muscle fibres of the mouse","volume":"14","author":"Duchen","year":"1971","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-12.1.116","article-title":"A relationship between avian carcasses and living invertebrates in the epizootiology of avian botulism","volume":"12","author":"Duncan","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(98)00775-7","article-title":"Different time courses of recovery after poisoning with botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A and E in humans","volume":"256","author":"Eleopra","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10354","DOI":"10.1021\/bi980542h","article-title":"Identification of a minimal core of the synaptic SNARE complex sufficient for reversible assembly and disassembly","volume":"37","author":"Fasshauer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib20","first-page":"1363","article-title":"Evaluation of the therapeutic usefulness of botulinum neurotoxin B, C1, E, and F compared with the long lasting type A","volume":"278","author":"Foran","year":"2003","journal-title":"Basis for distinct durations of inhibition of exocytosis in central neurons. J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-71399-6_2","article-title":"Clostridial neurotoxins","volume":"129","author":"Habermann","year":"1986","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199907083410209","article-title":"One man\u2019s poison","volume":"341","author":"Hallett","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5051","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06834.x","article-title":"Synaptic vesicle membrane fusion complex","volume":"13","author":"Hayashi","year":"1994","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib24","first-page":"57","article-title":"[Botulism in birds living in an aquatic environment in Nove Mlyny in the Breclav District]","volume":"36","author":"Hubalek","year":"1991","journal-title":"Vet Med (Praha)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-95-4-442","article-title":"Clinical features of types A and B food-borne botulism","volume":"95","author":"Hughes","year":"1981","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2004.11.084","article-title":"Voluntary exercise delays monogenetic obesity and overcomes reproductive dysfunction of the melanocortin-4 receptor knockout mouse","volume":"326","author":"Irani","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1994.tb17274.x","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of clostridial neurotoxins","volume":"733","author":"Jahn","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199104253241707","article-title":"Therapeutic uses of botulinum toxin","volume":"324","author":"Jankovic","year":"1991","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(01)00082-4","article-title":"Correlation of cleavage of SNAP-25 with muscle function in a rat model of botulinum neurotoxin type A induced paralysis","volume":"39","author":"Jurasinski","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(99)00948-5","article-title":"Persistence of botulinum neurotoxin action in cultured spinal cord cells","volume":"456","author":"Keller","year":"1999","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-196409000-00001","article-title":"Clinical and laboratory observations on type E botulism in man","volume":"43","author":"Koenig","year":"1964","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H2768","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00292.2004","article-title":"Sex modifies exercise and cardiac adaptation in mice","volume":"287","author":"Konhilas","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1038\/nsb879","article-title":"Translocation of botulinum neurotoxin light chain protease through the heavy chain channel","volume":"10","author":"Koriazova","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Struct Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00125.2004","article-title":"Genetic influence on daily wheel running activity level","volume":"19","author":"Lightfoot","year":"2004","journal-title":"Physiol Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2213","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.5.2213","article-title":"Synaptic core complex of synaptobrevin, syntaxin, and SNAP25 forms high affinity alpha-SNAP binding site","volume":"270","author":"McMahon","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/S1044-7431(02)00016-7","article-title":"Dynamics of motor nerve terminal remodeling unveiled using SNARE-cleaving botulinum toxins","volume":"22","author":"Meunier","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/0968-0004(93)90065-U","article-title":"Tetanus and botulism neurotoxins","volume":"18","author":"Montecucco","year":"1993","journal-title":"Trends Biochem Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.17.2.402-407.1977","article-title":"Activation of botulinum toxins in the absence of nicking","volume":"17","author":"Ohishi","year":"1977","journal-title":"Infect Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/0955-0674(94)90076-0","article-title":"Mechanisms of vesicle docking and fusion","volume":"6","author":"Pevsner","year":"1994","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1981.sp013905","article-title":"Acetylcholine content and release in denervated or botulinum poisoned rat skeletal muscle","volume":"319","author":"Polak","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)90263-5","article-title":"Dose standardisation of botulinum toxin","volume":"335","author":"Schantz","year":"1990","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2000.80.2.717","article-title":"Neurotoxins affecting neuroexocytosis","volume":"80","author":"Schiavo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23479","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)35863-0","article-title":"Botulinum neurotoxins are zinc proteins","volume":"267","author":"Schiavo","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib44","first-page":"11","article-title":"The action of botulinum toxin at the neuromuscular junction","volume":"59","author":"Sellin","year":"1981","journal-title":"Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib45","first-page":"120","article-title":"Comparison of the effects of botulinum neurotoxin types A and E at the rat neuromuscular junction","volume":"61","author":"Sellin","year":"1983","journal-title":"Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1983.tb07317.x","article-title":"Different effects of types A and B botulinum toxin on transmitter release at the rat neuromuscular junction","volume":"119","author":"Sellin","year":"1983","journal-title":"Acta Physiol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1981.sp013838","article-title":"Pre- and post-synaptic actions of botulinum toxin at the rat neuromuscular junction","volume":"317","author":"Sellin","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-129-3-199808010-00011","article-title":"Botulism in the United States","volume":"129","author":"Shapiro","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2004.11.009","article-title":"Primary cell culture for evaluation of botulinum neurotoxin antagonists","volume":"45","author":"Sheridan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3908(73)90085-3","article-title":"The interaction between divalent cations and botulinum toxin type A in the paralysis of the rat phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm preparation","volume":"12","author":"Simpson","year":"1973","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib51","first-page":"661","article-title":"Pharmacological studies on the subcellular site of action of botulinum toxin type A","volume":"206","author":"Simpson","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.44.101802.121554","article-title":"Identification of the major steps in botulinum toxin action","volume":"44","author":"Simpson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.49.1.189","article-title":"Human response to botulinum toxin injection","volume":"49","author":"Sloop","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib54","first-page":"1","author":"Tucker","year":"2002","journal-title":"Surveillance for botulism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-61-3-448","article-title":"Botulism, type E","volume":"61","author":"Whittaker","year":"1964","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/166.6.1281","article-title":"Clinical and laboratory comparison of botulism from toxin types A, B, and E in the United States, 1975\u20131988","volume":"166","author":"Woodruff","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306452205014934?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306452205014934?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,24]],"date-time":"2021-07-24T02:21:52Z","timestamp":1627093312000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0306452205014934"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0306452205014934"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.12.029","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-4522"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-4522","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]}}}