{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T23:25:59Z","timestamp":1792193159607,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]],"date-time":"2010-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1283299200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005825","name":"USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2007-35203-18072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2007-35203-18072"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,9]],"date-time":"2010-07-09T04:18:55Z","timestamp":1278649135000},"page":"200-213","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Melanopsin expression in dopamine-melatonin neurons of the premammillary nucleus of the hypothalamus and seasonal reproduction in birds"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"170","author":[{"given":"S.W.","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Leclerc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Kosonsiriluk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.J.","family":"Mauro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Iwasawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.E.","family":"El Halawani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbrainres.2004.11.003","article-title":"Melanopsin expression in the chick retina and pineal gland","volume":"134","author":"Bailey","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Res Mol Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib2","first-page":"669","article-title":"Le role des yeux dans l'action stimulante de la lumiere sur le developpement testiculaire chez le canard","volume":"118","author":"Benoit","year":"1935","journal-title":"C.R. Soc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1067262","article-title":"Phototransduction by retinal ganglion cells that set the circadian clock","author":"Berson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science 295"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-6480(02)00533-6","article-title":"Dopamine infusion into the third ventricle increases gene expression of hypothalamic vasoactive intestinal peptide and pituitary prolactin and luteinizing hormone beta subunit in the turkey","volume":"130","author":"Bhatt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gen Comp Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1177\/0748730405278951","article-title":"Photons, clocks, and consciousness","volume":"20","author":"Brainard","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biol Rhythms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1081\/CBI-120037816","article-title":"Melanopsin-shedding light on the elusive circadian photopigment","volume":"21","author":"Brown","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chronobiol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1159\/000068649","article-title":"Expression of D1 and D2 dopamine receptors in the hypothalamus and pituitary during the turkey reproductive cycle: colocalization with vasoactive intestinal peptide","volume":"77","author":"Chaiseha","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2004.02874.x","article-title":"Molecular cloning, localization and circadian expression of chicken melanopsin (Opn4): differential regulation of expression in pineal and retinal cell types","volume":"92","author":"Chaurasia","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1177\/074873001129002079","article-title":"Photoperiodic control of seasonality in birds","volume":"16","author":"Dawson","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Biol Rhythms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib12","series-title":"Marshall's physiology of reproduction","first-page":"283","article-title":"Birds","author":"Follett","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib13","first-page":"93","article-title":"Photoperiodism in birds","volume":"117","author":"Follett","year":"1985","journal-title":"Ciba Found Symp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10339","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501866102","article-title":"Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells detect light with a vitamin A-based photopigment, melanopsin","volume":"102","author":"Fu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01955340","article-title":"The comparative physiology of extraocular photoreception","volume":"38","author":"Groos","year":"1982","journal-title":"Experientia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2009.06.066","article-title":"VA opsin-based photoreceptors in the hypothalamus of birds","volume":"19","author":"Halford","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1080\/07420520500521988","article-title":"High-intensity red light suppresses melatonin","volume":"23","author":"Hanifin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chronobiol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1080\/078538902320772151","article-title":"Melanopsin: a novel photopigment involved in the photoentrainment of the brain's biological clock?","volume":"34","author":"Hannibal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1069609","article-title":"Melanopsin-containing retinal ganglion cells: architecture, projections, and intrinsic photosensitivity","volume":"295","author":"Hattar","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2004.11.022","article-title":"Circadian gene expression patterns of melanopsin and pinopsin in the chick pineal gland","volume":"326","author":"Holthues","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2007.08.031","article-title":"Dopamine-melatonin neurons in the avian hypothalamus controlling seasonal reproduction","volume":"150","author":"Kang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2005.10.017","article-title":"Expression of hypothalamic GnRH-I mRNA in the female turkey at different reproductive states and following photostimulation","volume":"146","author":"Kang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gen Comp Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00615251","article-title":"Evidence for a daily rhythmicity in the acute release of luteinizing hormone in response to electrical stimulation in the Japanese quail","volume":"161","author":"Konishi","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Comp Physiol A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib24","series-title":"A stereotaxic atlas of the brain of chick (Gallus domesticus)","author":"Kuenzel","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2009.01942.x","article-title":"Photoperiodic modulation of clock gene expression in the avian premammillary nucleus","volume":"22","author":"Leclerc","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method","volume":"25","author":"Livak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1077293","article-title":"Diminished pupillary light reflex at high irradiances in melanopsin-knockout mice","volume":"299","author":"Lucas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1081\/CBI-120038742","article-title":"Wavelength dependency of light-induced effects on photoperiodic clock in the migratory black headed bunting (Emberiza melanocephala)","volume":"21","author":"Malik","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chronobiol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8909","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-22-08909.1997","article-title":"Photoperiodically driven changes in Fos expression within the basal tuberal hypothalamus and median eminence of Japanese quail","volume":"17","author":"Meddle","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03344","article-title":"Addition of human melanopsin renders mammalian cells photoresponsive","volume":"433","author":"Melyan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.59.2.414","article-title":"Extraretinal light perception in the sparrow","volume":"59","author":"Menaker","year":"1968","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-6480(03)00249-1","article-title":"Photostimulated fos-like immunoreactivity in tuberal hypothalamus of photosensitive vs. photorefractory turkey hens","volume":"134","author":"Millam","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gen Comp Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib32a","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903520304","article-title":"The retinohypothalamic tract originates from a distinct subset of retinal ganglion cells","volume":"352","author":"Moore","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06738","article-title":"Thyrotrophin in the pars tuberalis triggers photoperiodic response","volume":"452","author":"Nakao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib34","first-page":"79","article-title":"Induction of rapid testicular growth in quail by phasic electrical stimulation of the hypothalamic photosensitive area","volume":"176","author":"Ohta","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Comp Physiol A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1973.225.4.880","article-title":"Photoreception in the photosexual response of quail","volume":"225","author":"Oishi","year":"1973","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib35a","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2701","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-07-02701.2002","article-title":"Intravitreal injection of the attenuated pseudorabies virus PRV Bartha results in infection of the hamster suprachiasmatic nucleus only by retrograde transsynaptic transport via autonomic circuits","volume":"22","author":"Pickard","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.1.340","article-title":"Melanopsin: an opsin in melanophores, brain, and eye","volume":"95","author":"Provencio","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-02-00600.2000","article-title":"A novel human opsin in the inner retina","volume":"20","author":"Provencio","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(99)00247-4","article-title":"Phasic response of the photoperiodic clock to wavelength and intensity of light in the redheaded bunting, Emberiza bruniceps","volume":"69","author":"Rani","year":"2000","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20118","article-title":"Revised nomenclature for avian telencephalon and some related brainstem nuclei","volume":"473","author":"Reiner","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1177\/0748730403018003005","article-title":"Melanopsin, ganglion-cell photoreceptors, and mammalian photoentrainment","volume":"18","author":"Rollag","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Biol Rhythms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01454007","article-title":"Bisbenzimide: a fluorescent counterstain for tissue autoradiography","volume":"103","author":"Schnell","year":"1995","journal-title":"Histochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1159\/000121861","article-title":"The effect of hypothalamic lesions on gonadotrophin release in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)","volume":"5","author":"Sharp","year":"1969","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00221754","article-title":"Coexpression of opsin- and VIP-like-immunoreactivity in CSF-contacting neurons of the avian brain","volume":"253","author":"Silver","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2008.01781.x","article-title":"Photostimulated expression of type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase mRNA is greatly attenuated in the rostral tuberal hypothalamus of the photorefractory turkey hen","volume":"20","author":"Steinman","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2007.01544.x","article-title":"Rhythm-dependent light induction of the c-fos gene in the turkey hypothalamus","volume":"19","author":"Thayananuphat","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2007.01545.x","article-title":"Rhythmic dependent light induction of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone-I expression and activation of dopaminergic neurones within the premammillary nucleus of the turkey hypothalamus","volume":"19","author":"Thayananuphat","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1016\/j.modgep.2007.06.001","article-title":"Expression pattern of the melanopsin-like (cOpn4m) and VA opsin-like genes in the developing chicken retina and neural tissues","volume":"7","author":"Tomonari","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gene Expr Patterns"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1653","article-title":"Melanopsin-dependent photo-perturbation reveals desynchronization underlying the singularity of mammalian circadian clocks","volume":"9","author":"Ukai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-117085","article-title":"A nonmammalian vertebrate model of blindness reveals functional photoreceptors in the inner retina","volume":"23","author":"Valdez","year":"2009","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib51","first-page":"555","article-title":"Nonvisual photoreceptors of the deep brain, pineal organs and retina","volume":"17","author":"Vigh","year":"2002","journal-title":"Histol Histopathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(98)00138-0","article-title":"Identification of rhodopsin in the pigeon deep brain","volume":"424","author":"Wada","year":"1998","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1177\/074873040201700405","article-title":"Interaction of the retina with suprachiasmatic pacemakers in the control of circadian behavior","volume":"17","author":"Yamazaki","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Biol Rhythms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2551","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-0057","article-title":"The reciprocal switching of two thyroid hormone-activating and -inactivating enzyme genes is involved in the photoperiodic gonadal response of Japanese quail","volume":"146","author":"Yasuo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02117","article-title":"Light-induced hormone conversion of T4 to T3 regulates photoperiodic response of gonads in birds","volume":"426","author":"Yoshimura","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1006\/gcen.1996.0128","article-title":"Vasoactive intestinal peptide concentrations in turkey hypophysial portal blood differ across the reproductive cycle","volume":"103","author":"Youngren","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gen Comp Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082_bib57a","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.2.999","article-title":"The pineal gland: a pacemaker within the circadian system of the house sparrow","volume":"76","author":"Zimmerman","year":"1979","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"}],"container-title":["Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306452210009541?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306452210009541?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,30]],"date-time":"2019-05-30T18:47:11Z","timestamp":1559242031000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0306452210009541"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0306452210009541"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-4522"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-4522","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]}}}