{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T08:31:43Z","timestamp":1791189103325,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]],"date-time":"2014-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1398902400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,6]],"date-time":"2014-03-06T17:15:22Z","timestamp":1394126122000},"page":"114-121","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Neuroprotection by valproic acid in an intrastriatal rotenone model of Parkinson\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"267","author":[{"given":"C.H.","family":"Carriere","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.H.","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.P.","family":"Niles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(02)00180-8","article-title":"Rotenone destroys dopaminergic neurons and induces parkinsonian symptoms in rats","volume":"136","author":"Alam","year":"2002","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2009.01.016","article-title":"A highly reproducible rotenone model of parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"34","author":"Cannon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001893","article-title":"Valproate protects dopaminergic neurons in midbrain neuron\/glia cultures by stimulating the release of neurotrophic factors from astrocytes","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.111.005512","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of mood stabilizers lithium and valproic acid: beyond bipolar disorder","volume":"65","author":"Chiu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00568-3","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease: mechanisms and models","volume":"39","author":"Dauer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2008.09.088","article-title":"Valproic acid regulates catecholaminergic pathways by concentration-dependent threshold effects on TH mRNA synthesis and degradation","volume":"1247","author":"D\u2019Souza","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.3109\/08977194.2012.691478","article-title":"Neuroprotection by GDNF in the ischemic brain","volume":"30","author":"Duarte","year":"2012","journal-title":"Growth Factors"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2004.05.024","article-title":"An intermittent, controlled-rate, slow progressive degeneration model of parkinson\u2019s disease: antiParkinson effects of sinemet and protective effects of methylphenidate","volume":"156","author":"Fleming","year":"2005","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2008.01943.x","article-title":"Dose-dependent memory effects and cerebral volume changes after in utero exposure to valproate in the rat","volume":"50","author":"Frisch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6969","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.24.6969","article-title":"Valproic acid defines a novel class of HDAC inhibitors inducing differentiation of transformed cells","volume":"20","author":"Gottlicher","year":"2001","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2005.02.023","article-title":"Behavioral characterization of a unilateral 6-OHDA-lesion model of parkinson\u2019s disease in mice","volume":"162","author":"Iancu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2011.08.010","article-title":"Protective effects of valproic acid on the nigrostriatal dopamine system in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mouse model of parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"194","author":"Kidd","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6848","article-title":"Characterization of behavioral and neurodegenerative changes following partial lesions of the nigrostriatal dopamine system induced by intrastriatal 6-hydroxydopamine in the rat","volume":"152","author":"Kirik","year":"1998","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2576","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5467-07.2008","article-title":"Synergistic neuroprotective effects of lithium and valproic acid or other histone deacetylase inhibitors in neurons: roles of glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibition","volume":"28","author":"Leng","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05957","article-title":"Novel neurotrophic factor CDNF protects and rescues midbrain dopamine neurons in vivo","volume":"448","author":"Lindholm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn983","article-title":"Pathogenesis of parkinson\u2019s disease: dopamine, vesicles and alpha-synuclein","volume":"3","author":"Lotharius","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2009.06385.x","article-title":"Valproic acid induces functional heat-shock protein 70 via class I histone deacetylase inhibition in cortical neurons: a potential role of Sp1 acetylation","volume":"111","author":"Marinova","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0090","first-page":"1","article-title":"If you assume, you can make an ass out of u and me\u2019: a decade of the disector for stereological counting of particles in 3D space","volume":"188","author":"Mayhew","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1007\/s12640-009-9090-5","article-title":"Valproic acid is neuroprotective in the rotenone rat model of parkinson\u2019s disease: Involvement of alpha-synuclein","volume":"17","author":"Monti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurotox Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.2174\/1874467210902010095","article-title":"Biochemical, molecular and epigenetic mechanisms of valproic acid neuroprotection","volume":"2","author":"Monti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2011.01.038","article-title":"Characterisation of a novel model of parkinson\u2019s disease by intra-striatal infusion of the pesticide rotenone","volume":"181","author":"Mulcahy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145711001969","article-title":"Valproic acid up-regulates melatonin MT1 and MT2 receptors and neurotrophic factors CDNF and MANF in the rat brain","volume":"15","author":"Niles","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.08.070","article-title":"Progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons induced by unilateral rotenone infusion into the medial forebrain bundle","volume":"1360","author":"Norazit","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0120","series-title":"The rat brain in stereotaxic coordinates","author":"Paxinos","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36734","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M101287200","article-title":"Histone deacetylase is a direct target of valproic acid, a potent anticonvulsant, mood stabilizer, and yeratogen","volume":"276","author":"Phiel","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2004.02406.x","article-title":"Valproic acid reduces brain damage induced by transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats: potential roles of histone deacetylase inhibition and heat shock protein induction","volume":"89","author":"Ren","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2013.06.002","article-title":"AAV2-mediated striatum delivery of human CDNF prevents the deterioration of midbrain dopamine neurons in a 6-hydroxydopamine induced parkinsonian rat model","volume":"248","author":"Ren","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(99)00072-X","article-title":"Changes in tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA expression in the rat locus coeruleus following acute or chronic treatment with valproic acid","volume":"22","author":"Sands","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2005.04.051","article-title":"Acute intranigral infusion of rotenone in rats causes progressive biochemical lesions in the striatum similar to Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"1049","author":"Saravanan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.2002.8072","article-title":"Subcutaneous rotenone exposure causes highly selective dopaminergic degeneration and alpha-synuclein aggregation","volume":"179","author":"Sherer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2005.05.051","article-title":"Behavioral differences in a rotenone-induced hemiparkinsonian rat model developed following intranigral or median forebrain bundle infusion","volume":"1051","author":"Sindhu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(01)02597-2","article-title":"Pesticides directly accelerate the rate of alpha-synuclein fibril formation: a possible factor in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"500","author":"Uversky","year":"2001","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(98)01362-9","article-title":"Stereological methods for estimating the total number of neurons and synapses: Issues of precision and bias","volume":"22","author":"West","year":"1999","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2008.02.024","article-title":"Enhanced function in the good forelimb of hemi-parkinson rats: compensatory adaptation for contralateral postural instability?","volume":"211","author":"Woodlee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0175","first-page":"4072","article-title":"Effect of deep brain stimulation on substantia nigra neurons in a rat model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"125","author":"Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2010.12.013","article-title":"Chronic infusion of CDNF prevents 6-OHDA-induced deficits in a rat model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"228","author":"Voutilainen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9651","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0833-09.2009","article-title":"Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor is neurorestorative in rat model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"29","author":"Voutilainen","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7878","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0007878","article-title":"Stereotaxical infusion of rotenone: a reliable rodent model for Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"4","author":"Xiong","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145705005547","article-title":"Activation of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels improves rotenone-related motor and neurochemical alterations in rats","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"issue":"34","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31674","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M104309200","article-title":"The mood stabilizer valproic acid activates mitogen-activated protein kinases and promotes neurite growth","volume":"276","author":"Yuan","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"}],"container-title":["Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306452214001407?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306452214001407?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,6]],"date-time":"2018-10-06T02:20:10Z","timestamp":1538792410000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0306452214001407"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0306452214001407"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.028","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-4522"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-4522","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]}}}