{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T10:10:42Z","timestamp":1782123042173,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":148,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016714","name":"University of Sharjah","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25010901180"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25010901180"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016714","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ibroneuroscience.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T07:37:33Z","timestamp":1768549053000},"page":"13-26","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Fiber-type-specific architecture and pathophysiology of the neuromuscular junction"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"597","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8485-7172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rizwan","family":"Qaisar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12244494","article-title":"Nanoparticles in drug delivery: from history to therapeutic applications","volume":"12","author":"Afzal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nanomaterials (basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Allen, M. D., B. Major, K. Kimpinski, T. J. Doherty and C. L. Rice (2014). \u201cSkeletal muscle morphology and contractile function in relation to muscle denervation in diabetic neuropathy.\u201d J Appl Physiol (1985) 116(5): 545-552.","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01139.2013"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3251","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-23224-7","article-title":"Locomotor deficits in a mouse model of ALS are paralleled by loss of V1-interneuron connections onto fast motor neurons","volume":"12","author":"Allodi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0020","first-page":"1059","article-title":"PGC-1alpha in aging and anti-aging interventions","volume":"1790","author":"Anderson","year":"2009","journal-title":"BBA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2017.01.002","article-title":"Functional roles of short-term synaptic plasticity with an emphasis on inhibition","volume":"43","author":"Anwar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1113\/JP270213","article-title":"New perspectives on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: the role of glial cells at the neuromuscular junction","volume":"595","author":"Arbour","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3569","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4569","article-title":"Morphological and functional remodelling of the neuromuscular junction by skeletal muscle PGC-1alpha","volume":"5","author":"Arnold","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bao Z, C. C., Chow S. Qin L, Wong R Cheung W (2020). \u201cAChRs Degeneration at NMJ in Aging-Associated Sarcopenia\u2013A Systematic Review.\u201d Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience 12: 1-16.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2020.597811"},{"issue":"5\u20138","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1023\/B:NEUR.0000020605.20628.a3","article-title":"Maintenance of transmitter release from neuromuscular junctions with different patterns of usage \u201cin vivo\u201d","volume":"32","author":"Bewick","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neurocytol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bez Batti Angulski, A., N. Hosny, H. Cohen, A. A. Martin, D. Hahn, J. Bauer and J. M. Metzger (2023). \u201cDuchenne muscular dystrophy: disease mechanism and therapeutic strategies.\u201d Front Physiol 14: 1183101.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2023.1183101"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2022.102550","article-title":"Neuronal deletion of MnSOD in mice leads to demyelination, inflammation and progressive paralysis that mimics phenotypes associated with progressive multiple sclerosis","volume":"59","author":"Bhaskaran","year":"2023","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1433750","article-title":"The interplay between BDNF and PGC-1 alpha in maintaining brain health: role of exercise","volume":"15","author":"Bi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (lausanne)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2040-4603.2013.tb00534.x","article-title":"Mechanisms modulating skeletal muscle phenotype","volume":"3","author":"Blaauw","year":"2013","journal-title":"Compr. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bo\u00ebx M, M. J., Bauch\u00e9 S, Fontaine B, Legay C, Strochlic L (2018). \u201cRegulation of mammalian neuromuscular junction formation and maintenance by Wnt signaling.\u201d Current Opinion in Physiology 4: 88-95.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cophys.2018.07.002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2018.00017","article-title":"Increasing Agrin Function Antagonizes Muscle Atrophy and Motor Impairment in Spinal Muscular Atrophy","volume":"12","author":"Boido","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01584-4","article-title":"Skeletal muscle-directed gene therapy: hijacking the fusogenic properties of muscle cells","volume":"8","author":"Buning","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1111\/iep.12229","article-title":"Neuromuscular junctions (NMJs): ultrastructural analysis and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunit mRNA expression in offspring subjected to protein restriction throughout pregnancy","volume":"98","author":"Castro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Exp. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.56935","article-title":"Specific labeling of synaptic schwann cells reveals unique cellular and molecular features","volume":"9","author":"Castro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Elife"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0095","article-title":"Neuregulin in Health and Disease","volume":"4","author":"Cespedes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Brain Disord Treat"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1004490","article-title":"Muscle-specific SIRT1 gain-of-function increases slow-twitch fibers and ameliorates pathophysiology in a mouse model of duchenne muscular dystrophy","volume":"10","author":"Chalkiadaki","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134822","article-title":"MMP-mediated modulation of ECM environment during axonal growth and NMJ development","volume":"724","author":"Chan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201600899R","article-title":"Loss of laminin-alpha4 results in pre- and postsynaptic modifications at the neuromuscular junction","volume":"31","author":"Chand","year":"2017","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2014.284133","article-title":"Loss of beta2-laminin alters calcium sensitivity and voltage-gated calcium channel maturation of neurotransmission at the neuromuscular junction","volume":"593","author":"Chand","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-024-06581-1","article-title":"Deficiency of skeletal muscle Agrin contributes to the pathogenesis of age-related sarcopenia in mice","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4081\/ejtm.2022.10416","article-title":"Exercise-mediated reinnervation of skeletal muscle in elderly people: an update","volume":"32","author":"Coletti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Transl Myol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-011-0848-5","article-title":"The spinal muscular atrophy mouse model, SMADelta7, displays altered axonal transport without global neurofilament alterations","volume":"122","author":"Dale","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2070","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.10.075","article-title":"Purinergic-Dependent Glial Regulation of Synaptic Plasticity of competing terminals and Synapse Elimination at the Neuromuscular Junction","volume":"25","author":"Darabid","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3731","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2040-4603.2022.tb00230.x","article-title":"Structure and Function of the Mammalian Neuromuscular Junction","volume":"12","author":"Davis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Compr. Physiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.2174\/1874609811104030209","article-title":"Motor unit and neuromuscular junction remodeling with aging","volume":"4","author":"Deschenes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Aging Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2015.12.004","article-title":"Effects of exercise training on neuromuscular junction morphology and pre- to post-synaptic coupling in young and aged rats","volume":"316","author":"Deschenes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-022-01360-5","article-title":"Impaired signaling for neuromuscular synaptic maintenance is a feature of Motor Neuron Disease","volume":"10","author":"Ding","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13060556","article-title":"MuSK Myasthenia Gravis-potential Pathomechanisms and Treatment Directed against specific Targets","volume":"13","author":"Dziadkowiak","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24934","DOI":"10.52965\/001c.24934","article-title":"The Antisense Oligonucleotide Nusinersen for Treatment of Spinal Muscular Atrophy","volume":"13","author":"Edinoff","year":"2021","journal-title":"Orthop Rev (pavia)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aau5240","article-title":"Pharmacological inhibition of beta-catenin\/BCL9 interaction overcomes resistance to immune checkpoint blockades by modulating T(reg) cells","volume":"5","author":"Feng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s13539-011-0041-7","article-title":"Molecular control of neuromuscular junction development","volume":"3","author":"Ferraro","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Cachexia. Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0180","first-page":"E88","article-title":"Effects of diabetes on protein synthesis in fast- and slow-twitch rat skeletal muscle","volume":"239","author":"Flaim","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-23-02055","article-title":"Regeneration mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for neuromuscular junctions in aging and diseases","volume":"20","author":"Fujitani","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.05473","article-title":"Homeostatic synaptic depression is achieved through a regulated decrease in presynaptic calcium channel abundance","volume":"4","author":"Gavino","year":"2015","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.03.004","article-title":"Extracellular matrix in skeletal muscle injury and atrophy: mechanisms and therapeutic implications","volume":"52","author":"Ge","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Orthop Translat"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2010.090760","article-title":"Making fast-twitch dystrophic muscles bigger protects them from contraction injury and attenuates the dystrophic pathology","volume":"176","author":"Gehrig","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(78)90186-5","article-title":"Differences in neuromuscular transmission in red and white muscles","volume":"142","author":"Gertler","year":"1978","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11243968","article-title":"In Adult Skeletal Muscles, the Co-Receptors of Canonical Wnt Signaling, Lrp5 and Lrp6, Determine the distribution and size of Fiber Types, and Structure and Function of Neuromuscular Junctions","volume":"11","author":"Gessler","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0079-y","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis","volume":"5","author":"Gilhus","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2014.00208","article-title":"The Neuromuscular Junction: Aging at the Crossroad between Nerves and Muscle","volume":"6","author":"Gonzalez-Freire","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2010.165","article-title":"Laminin-111: a potential therapeutic agent for Duchenne muscular dystrophy","volume":"18","author":"Goudenege","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2019.00156","article-title":"Dissecting the Extracellular Complexity of Neuromuscular Junction Organizers","volume":"6","author":"Guarino","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guo, Y., E. P. B, P. J. Atherton and M. Piasecki (2021). \u201cMolecular and neural adaptations to neuromuscular electrical stimulation; Implications for ageing muscle.\u201d Mech Ageing Dev 193: 111402.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2020.111402"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2013.10.068","article-title":"Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) expression and NMJ plasticity in skeletal muscle following endurance exercise","volume":"257","author":"Gyorkos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0245","first-page":"651","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis and related disorders: Pathology and molecular pathogenesis","volume":"1852","author":"Ha","year":"2015","journal-title":"BBA"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2220","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-57487-1","article-title":"Single-nuclei sequencing of skeletal muscle reveals subsynaptic-specific transcripts involved in neuromuscular junction maintenance","volume":"16","author":"Ham","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5518","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M708607200","article-title":"Mutations causing DOK7 congenital myasthenia ablate functional motifs in Dok-7","volume":"283","author":"Hamuro","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1525107","article-title":"PGC-1alpha regulates the neuromuscular junction program and ameliorates Duchenne muscular dystrophy","volume":"21","author":"Handschin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hennig, K., D. Hardman, D. M. Barata, Martins, II, M. O. Bernabeu, E. R. Gomes and W. Roman (2023). \u201cGenerating fast-twitch myotubes in vitro with an optogenetic-based, quantitative contractility assay.\u201d Life Sci Alliance 6(10).","DOI":"10.26508\/lsa.202302227"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0088739","article-title":"Injection of a soluble fragment of neural agrin (NT-1654) considerably improves the muscle pathology caused by the disassembly of the neuromuscular junction","volume":"9","author":"Hettwer","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1101\/pdb.prot067603","article-title":"Imaging synaptic vesicle recycling by staining and destaining vesicles with FM dyes","volume":"2012","author":"Hoopmann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Protoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Islam S, A. M., Islam MA, Hossain N, Chowdhury MA (2025). \u201cAdvances in nanoparticles in targeted drug delivery\u2013A review.\u201d Results in Surfaces and Interfaces 19: 1-19.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rsurfi.2025.100529"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2010.08.029","article-title":"Age-associated alterations of the neuromuscular junction","volume":"46","author":"Jang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200603061","article-title":"Neurotrophin 3 induces structural and functional modification of synapses through distinct molecular mechanisms","volume":"175","author":"Je","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21819","article-title":"Effects of electrical stimulation on neuromuscular junction morphology in the aging rat tongue","volume":"43","author":"Johnson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06738.x","article-title":"Role of PGC-1alpha signaling in skeletal muscle health and disease","volume":"1271","author":"Kang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-016-0119-y","article-title":"Neurotrophic factor small-molecule mimetics mediated neuroregeneration and synaptic repair: emerging therapeutic modality for Alzheimer's disease","volume":"11","author":"Kazim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumar S, M. R., Sridhar SB, Shareef J, Wadhwa T (2025). \u201cBiomaterials and tissue engineering strategies for management of neurodegeneration: A critical perspective.\u201d Medicine in Novel Technology and Devices 26: 1-19.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medntd.2025.100369"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.596981","article-title":"Myasthenia Gravis: Autoantibody Specificities and their Role in MG Management","volume":"11","author":"Lazaridis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8694","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-45090-6","article-title":"Differences in the constituent fiber types contribute to the intermuscular variation in the timing of the developmental synapse elimination","volume":"9","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E479","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1519156113","article-title":"Neuregulin1 displayed on motor axons regulates terminal Schwann cell-mediated synapse elimination at developing neuromuscular junctions","volume":"113","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8080906","article-title":"Neuromuscular Junction as an Entity of Nerve-Muscle Communication","volume":"8","author":"Lepore","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2024.01.036","article-title":"Exercise couples mitochondrial function with skeletal muscle fiber type via ROS-mediated epigenetic modification","volume":"213","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26025","article-title":"Engineered agrin attenuates the severity of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis","volume":"57","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-0807","article-title":"Long-term effectiveness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation for promoting motor recovery of the upper extremity after stroke","volume":"43","author":"Lin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2012.04.003","article-title":"beta-Catenin stabilization in skeletal muscles, but not in motor neurons, leads to aberrant motor innervation of the muscle during neuromuscular development in mice","volume":"366","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dev. Biol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.14012","article-title":"Slow or fast: Implications of myofibre type and associated differences for manifestation of neuromuscular disorders","volume":"238","author":"Lloyd","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Physiol (Oxf.)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2011.12.001","article-title":"Congenital myasthenic syndrome: a brief review","volume":"46","author":"Lorenzoni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr. Neurol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-47.4.13","article-title":"Preferential type II muscle fiber damage from plyometric exercise","volume":"47","author":"Macaluso","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Athl. Train."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2018.07.002","article-title":"Fast and slow-twitching muscles are differentially affected by reduced cholinergic transmission in mice deficient for VAChT: a mouse model for congenital myasthenia","volume":"120","author":"Magalhaes-Gomes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2007.01.048","article-title":"Synaptic vesicle pools at diaphragm neuromuscular junctions vary with motoneuron soma, not axon terminal, inactivity","volume":"146","author":"Mantilla","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1918","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14393","article-title":"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a clinical review","volume":"27","author":"Masrori","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0385","article-title":"Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor treatment for myasthenia gravis","volume":"2014","author":"Mehndiratta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2023.03.008","article-title":"AMPK is mitochondrial medicine for neuromuscular disorders","volume":"29","author":"Mikhail","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Mol. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(92)90131-P","article-title":"Fast and slow twitch skeletal muscle fibres differ in their distribution of Na channels near the endplate","volume":"135","author":"Milton","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2024.150400","article-title":"A class of chemical compounds enhances clustering of muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in cultured myogenic cells","volume":"731","author":"Miyairi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201607298","article-title":"DOK7 gene therapy enhances motor activity and life span in ALS model mice","volume":"9","author":"Miyoshi","year":"2017","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.693309","article-title":"Gene Therapy Overexpressing Neuregulin 1 Type I in Combination with Neuregulin 1 Type III Promotes Functional Improvement in the SOD1(G93A) ALS mice","volume":"12","author":"Modol-Caballero","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2014.00252","article-title":"ALS as a distal axonopathy: molecular mechanisms affecting neuromuscular junction stability in the presymptomatic stages of the disease","volume":"8","author":"Moloney","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-022-01402-y","article-title":"Neuromuscular junction pathology is correlated with differential motor unit vulnerability in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy","volume":"10","author":"Molotsky","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13189","article-title":"C-terminal agrin fragment as a biomarker of muscle wasting and weakness: a narrative review","volume":"14","author":"Monti","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Cachexia. Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5047","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-23454-8","article-title":"Modulation of the Neuregulin 1\/ErbB system after skeletal muscle denervation and reinnervation","volume":"8","author":"Morano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2024.102586","article-title":"Impact of ageing and disuse on neuromuscular junction and mitochondrial function and morphology: current evidence and controversies","volume":"102","author":"Motanova","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21207485","article-title":"Diabetes Mellitus-Related Dysfunction of the Motor System","volume":"21","author":"Muramatsu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-022-01262-3","article-title":"Altered Bioenergetics and Metabolic Homeostasis in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis","volume":"19","author":"Nelson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103032","article-title":"Recent insights into neuromuscular junction biology in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Impacts, challenges, and opportunities","volume":"61","author":"Ng","year":"2020","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"issue":"Pt 6","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0455","first-page":"1531","article-title":"Neuregulin-1 potentiates agrin-induced acetylcholine receptor clustering through muscle-specific kinase phosphorylation","volume":"125","author":"Ngo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1679\/aohc.51.385","article-title":"Structure of motor endplates in the different fiber types of vertebrate skeletal muscles","volume":"51","author":"Ogata","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arch. Histol. Cytol."},{"issue":"7867","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03672-3","article-title":"Mechanism of disease and therapeutic rescue of Dok7 congenital myasthenia","volume":"595","author":"Oury","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.46.1.27","article-title":"The ultrastructure of the neuromuscular junctions of mammalian red, white, and intermediate skeletal muscle fibers","volume":"46","author":"Padykula","year":"1970","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2017.05.001","article-title":"Declining Skeletal Muscle Function in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy","volume":"39","author":"Parasoglou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Petrie, M., M. Suneja and R. K. Shields (2015). \u201cLow-frequency stimulation regulates metabolic gene expression in paralyzed muscle.\u201d J Appl Physiol (1985) 118(6): 723-731.","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00628.2014"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6368","DOI":"10.4081\/ejtm.2017.6368","article-title":"The Contribution of Neuromuscular Stimulation in Elucidating Muscle Plasticity Revisited","volume":"27","author":"Pette","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Transl Myol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Phillips, W. D. and A. Vincent (2016). \u201cPathogenesis of myasthenia gravis: update on disease types, models, and mechanisms.\u201d F1000Res 5.","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.8206.1"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02284788","article-title":"Morphology of diaphragm neuromuscular junctions on different fibre types","volume":"25","author":"Prakash","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Neurocytol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4182-06.2007","article-title":"The role of muscle activation pattern and calcineurin in acetylcholinesterase regulation in rat skeletal muscles","volume":"27","author":"Pregelj","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2023.122186","article-title":"Targeting neuromuscular junction to treat neuromuscular disorders","volume":"333","author":"Qaisar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2016.03.025","article-title":"Muscle fiber type diversification during exercise and regeneration","volume":"98","author":"Qaisar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.322447","article-title":"Three-dimensional in vitro models of neuromuscular tissue","volume":"17","author":"Raffa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00532","article-title":"Motor Neuron Susceptibility in ALS\/FTD","volume":"13","author":"Ragagnin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2511","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-07-02511.1999","article-title":"Synaptic vesicle dynamics in rat fast and slow motor nerve terminals","volume":"19","author":"Reid","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2020.610964","article-title":"The Neuromuscular Junction in Health and Disease: Molecular Mechanisms Governing Synaptic Formation and Homeostasis","volume":"13","author":"Rodriguez Cruz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2016.08.008","article-title":"The role of laminins in the organization and function of neuromuscular junctions","volume":"57\u201358","author":"Rogers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Matrix Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1992.sp019407","article-title":"Na+ current densities and voltage dependence in human intercostal muscle fibres","volume":"458","author":"Ruff","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00031.2010","article-title":"Fiber types in mammalian skeletal muscles","volume":"91","author":"Schiaffino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232315052","article-title":"Opposite Regulation of Homer Signal at the NMJ Postsynaptic Micro Domain between Slow- and Fast-Twitch Muscles in an Experimentally Induced Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis (EAMG) Mouse Model","volume":"23","author":"Schubert","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"15 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0555","first-page":"S327","article-title":"Disease-modifying treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"24","author":"Schultz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Manag. Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6708","DOI":"10.4081\/ejtm.2017.6708","article-title":"Morphological peculiarities of neuromuscular junctions among different fiber types: effect of exercise","volume":"27","author":"Seene","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Transl Myol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4425","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awad202","article-title":"Skeletal muscle in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"146","author":"Shefner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4547(19970101)47:1<49::AID-JNR5>3.0.CO;2-F","article-title":"Specific impulse patterns regulate acetylcholinesterase activity in skeletal muscles of rats and rabbits","volume":"47","author":"Sketelj","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18102183","article-title":"The Structure of Human Neuromuscular Junctions: some Unanswered Molecular questions","volume":"18","author":"Slater","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1111\/nan.12735","article-title":"Utrophin modulator drugs as potential therapies for Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies","volume":"47","author":"Soblechero-Martin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02284805","article-title":"Alterations in neuromuscular junction morphology during fast-to-slow transformation of rabbit skeletal muscles","volume":"25","author":"Somasekhar","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Neurocytol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1111\/jns.12387","article-title":"Evolving concepts on the role of dyslipidemia, bioenergetics, and inflammation in the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy","volume":"25","author":"Stino","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Peripher. Nerv. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5943","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.909449","article-title":"Diagnostic significance of Serum Levels of Nerve Growth factor and Brain Derived Neurotrophic factor in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy","volume":"24","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Monit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2005.10.009","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation of acetylcholinesterase-associated collagen ColQ in fast- and slow-twitch muscle fibers","volume":"157\u2013158","author":"Ting","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00033.2014","article-title":"Mechanisms Regulating Neuromuscular Junction Development and Function and Causes of Muscle Wasting","volume":"95","author":"Tintignac","year":"2015","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2020.101385","article-title":"DOK7 Gene Therapy Enhances Neuromuscular Junction Innervation and Motor Function in Aged mice","volume":"23","author":"Ueta","year":"2020","journal-title":"iScience"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4695(20000905)44:3<369::AID-NEU7>3.0.CO;2-Z","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinase-3 removes agrin from synaptic basal lamina","volume":"44","author":"VanSaun","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Neurobiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-021-02658-6","article-title":"Neuromuscular Junction Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis","volume":"59","author":"Verma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00193409","article-title":"Factors causing different properties at neuromuscular junctions in fast and slow rat skeletal muscles","volume":"190","author":"Waerhaug","year":"1994","journal-title":"Anat Embryol (berl)"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.199790","article-title":"Agrin\/Lrp4 signal constrains MuSK-dependent neuromuscular synapse development in appendicular muscle","volume":"148","author":"Walker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jot.2024.03.007","article-title":"Effects of physical exercise on neuromuscular junction degeneration during ageing: a systematic review","volume":"46","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Orthop Translat"},{"issue":"7 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4796","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-07-04796.1995","article-title":"Neurotrophins promote maturation of developing neuromuscular synapses","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2018.07.005","article-title":"The age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function: Measurement and physiology of muscle fibre atrophy and muscle fibre loss in humans","volume":"47","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"issue":"Pt 1) (Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1997.sp022007","article-title":"The contribution of postsynaptic folds to the safety factor for neuromuscular transmission in rat fast- and slow-twitch muscles","volume":"500","author":"Wood","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2392","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.080705","article-title":"beta-Catenin gain of function in muscles impairs neuromuscular junction formation","volume":"139","author":"Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Development"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-025-01123-z","article-title":"Treating neuromuscular diseases: unveiling gene therapy breakthroughs and pioneering future applications","volume":"32","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2300453120","article-title":"Structural insights into the assembly of the agrin\/LRP4\/MuSK signaling complex","volume":"120","author":"Xie","year":"2023","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12204","article-title":"Cardiac troponin T and fast skeletal muscle denervation in ageing","volume":"8","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Cachexia. Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1113\/JP285143","article-title":"Alterations in neuromuscular junction morphology with ageing and endurance training modulate neuromuscular transmission and myofibre composition","volume":"603","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0680","article-title":"Axonal transport deficits in the pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy","volume":"14","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (lausanne)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0685","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4230","article-title":"In vivo imaging of neural activity","volume":"14","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"issue":"444","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0690","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ra87","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aaf0890","article-title":"MuSK is a BMP co-receptor that shapes BMP responses and calcium signaling in muscle cells","volume":"9","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Signal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"York, A. L. and J. Q. Zheng (2017). \u201cSuper-Resolution Microscopy Reveals a Nanoscale Organization of Acetylcholine Receptors for Trans-Synaptic Alignment at Neuromuscular Synapses.\u201d eNeuro 4(4).","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0232-17.2017"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0700","first-page":"341","article-title":"CRISPR for Neuromuscular Disorders: Gene Editing and beyond","volume":"34","author":"Young","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiology (Bethesda)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0705","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12675","article-title":"Motor function recovery: deciphering a regenerative niche at the neuromuscular synapse","volume":"96","author":"Zelada","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol. Rev. Camb. Philos. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0710","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-6606-5-7","article-title":"Wnt proteins regulate acetylcholine receptor clustering in muscle cells","volume":"5","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Brain"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0715","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.20132","article-title":"Skeletal Muscle-specific Overexpression of PGC-1alpha Induces Fiber-Type Conversion through Enhanced Mitochondrial Respiration and Fatty Acid Oxidation in mice and Pigs","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-021-00579-4","article-title":"Extracellular matrix: an important regulator of cell functions and skeletal muscle development","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Biosci."},{"issue":"7954","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0725","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-05828-9","article-title":"Fast and sensitive GCaMP calcium indicators for imaging neural populations","volume":"615","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"41","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0730","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8860","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0860-18.2018","article-title":"Sarcoglycan Alpha Mitigates Neuromuscular Junction Decline in Aged mice by stabilizing LRP4","volume":"38","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0735","article-title":"Diabetic peripheral neuropathy: pathogenetic mechanisms and treatment","volume":"14","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (lausanne)"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015_b0740","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3077","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-012-1209-9","article-title":"Structural mechanisms of the agrin-LRP4-MuSK signaling pathway in neuromuscular junction differentiation","volume":"70","author":"Zong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."}],"container-title":["Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306452226000394?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306452226000394?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T08:41:15Z","timestamp":1782117675000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0306452226000394"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":148,"alternative-id":["S0306452226000394"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-4522"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-4522","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Fiber-type-specific architecture and pathophysiology of the neuromuscular junction","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuroscience","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2026.01.015","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 International Brain Research Organization (IBRO). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}