{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T15:54:25Z","timestamp":1786722865233,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 NS113893"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 NS113893"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005653","name":"Congress of Neurological Surgeons","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005653","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100023916","name":"Society of British Neurological Surgeons","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100023916","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["neurotherapeuticsjournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurotherapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]],"date-time":"2023-12-18T20:06:13Z","timestamp":1702929973000},"page":"e00295","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Thalamo-cortical evoked potentials during stimulation of the dentato-rubro-thalamic tract demonstrate synaptic filtering"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Christopher R.","family":"Conner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiefer J.","family":"Forseth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andres M.","family":"Lozano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"Robert","family":"Ritter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert J.","family":"Fenoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(80)91680-3","article-title":"Suppression of intention tremor by contingent deep-brain stimulation","volume":"315","author":"Brice","year":"1980","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.29.051605.112824","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation","volume":"29","author":"Perlmutter","year":"2006","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2017.105","article-title":"Insights into the mechanisms of deep brain stimulation","volume":"13","author":"Ashkan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurt.2007.10.067","article-title":"Mechanisms of deep brain stimulation in movement disorders as revealed by changes in stimulus frequency","volume":"5","author":"Birdno","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-018-0128-2","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation: current challenges and future directions","volume":"15","author":"Lozano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2011.06.001","article-title":"Beyond faithful conduction: short-term dynamics, neuromodulation, and long-term regulation of spike propagation in the axon","volume":"94","author":"Bucher","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0073456","article-title":"A\u00a0\u200bslow axon antidromic blockade hypothesis for tremor reduction via deep brain stimulation","volume":"8","author":"Garc\u00eda","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000540","article-title":"Modulation of the cerebello-thalamo-cortical network in thalamic deep brain stimulation for tremor","volume":"75","author":"Coenen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1159\/000507030","article-title":"Advanced imaging and direct targeting of the motor thalamus and dentato-rubro-thalamic tract for tremor: a systematic review","volume":"98","author":"Gravbrot","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.04.074","article-title":"Structural and functional connectivity of the nondecussating dentato-rubro-thalamic tract","volume":"176","author":"Petersen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-011-1036-z","article-title":"A\u00a0\u200brole of diffusion tensor imaging fiber tracking in deep brain stimulation surgery: DBS of the dentato-rubro-thalamic tract (drt) for the treatment of therapy-refractory tremor","volume":"153","author":"Coenen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(75)90364-9","article-title":"Which elements are excited in electrical stimulation of mammalian central nervous system: a review","volume":"98","author":"Ranck","year":"1975","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib13","first-page":"132","article-title":"Risks of common complications in deep brain stimulation surgery: management and avoidance","volume":"120","author":"Fenoy","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0\u200bNeurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1998.0395","article-title":"Cortical surface-based analysis. I. Segmentation and surface reconstruction","volume":"9","author":"Dale","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhg087","article-title":"Automatically parcellating the human cerebral cortex","volume":"14","author":"Fischl","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cerebr Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1006\/cbmr.1996.0014","article-title":"AFNI: software for analysis and visualization of functional magnetic resonance neuroimages","volume":"29","author":"Cox","year":"1996","journal-title":"Comput Biomed Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2011.07.008","article-title":"Anatomic and electro-physiologic connectivity of the language system: a combined DTI-CCEP study","volume":"41","author":"Conner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Comput Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2020.02.012","article-title":"Prefrontal-Subthalamic hyperdirect\u00a0\u200bpathway modulates movement inhibition in humans","volume":"106","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(90)90082-U","article-title":"Parameters for direct cortical electrical stimulation in the human: histopathologic confirmation","volume":"75","author":"Gordon","year":"1990","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2004.10.020","article-title":"Electrical stimulation of excitable tissue: design of efficacious and safe protocols","volume":"141","author":"Merrill","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0\u200bNeurosci Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib21","article-title":"Tissue damage thresholds during therapeutic electrical stimulation","volume":"13","author":"Cogan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0\u200bNeural Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.09.023","article-title":"A\u00a0\u200bmethod for event-related phase\/amplitude coupling","volume":"64","author":"Voytek","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1128115","article-title":"High gamma power is phase-locked to theta oscillations in human neocortex","volume":"313","author":"Canolty","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00106.2010","article-title":"Measuring phase-amplitude coupling between neuronal oscillations of different frequencies","volume":"104","author":"Tort","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0\u200bNeurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3997","article-title":"Therapeutic deep brain stimulation reduces cortical phase-amplitude coupling in Parkinson's disease","volume":"18","author":"de Hemptinne","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1080\/0968768021000035087","article-title":"Calcium channels involved in neurotransmitter release at adult, neonatal and P\/Q-type deficient neuromuscular junctions (Review)","volume":"19","author":"Urbano","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol Membr Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4573","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2000.01306.x","article-title":"Identification of the target neuronal elements in electrical deep brain stimulation","volume":"12","author":"Holsheimer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0270(00)00163-1","article-title":"Chronaxie calculated from current-duration and voltage-duration data","volume":"97","author":"Holsheimer","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0\u200bNeurosci Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2004.05.031","article-title":"Selection of stimulus parameters for deep brain stimulation","volume":"115","author":"Kuncel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1017\/S1472928801000255","article-title":"Extracellular excitation of central neurons: implications for the mechanisms of deep brain stimulation","volume":"1","author":"Grill","year":"2001","journal-title":"Thalamus Relat Syst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2021.03.009","article-title":"Image-based biophysical modeling predicts cortical potentials evoked with subthalamic deep brain stimulation","volume":"14","author":"Howell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3241","article-title":"The origin of extracellular fields and currents--EEG, ECoG, LFP and spikes","volume":"13","author":"Buzs\u00e1ki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)90062-4","article-title":"Effect on parkinsonian signs and symptoms of bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation","volume":"345","author":"Limousin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200405190-00011","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation creates an informational lesion of the stimulated nucleus","volume":"15","author":"Grill","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00906.2010","article-title":"Stimulus features underlying reduced tremor suppression with temporally patterned deep brain stimulation","volume":"107","author":"Birdno","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0\u200bNeurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2139","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp079","article-title":"Resonance in subthalamo-cortical circuits in Parkinson's disease","volume":"132","author":"Eusebio","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10206","article-title":"Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulus evoked potentials: physiological and therapeutic implications","volume":"17","author":"Baker","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00281.2015","article-title":"Mechanisms of deep brain stimulation","volume":"115","author":"Herrington","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0\u200bNeurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9129","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1327-18.2018","article-title":"Cortical potentials evoked by subthalamic stimulation demonstrate a short latency hyperdirect pathway in humans","volume":"38","author":"Miocinovic","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0\u200bNeurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2014.09.017","article-title":"Measurement of evoked potentials during thalamic deep brain stimulation","volume":"8","author":"Kent","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"}],"container-title":["Neurotherapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1878747923018962?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1878747923018962?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T07:15:52Z","timestamp":1761808552000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1878747923018962"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1878747923018962"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["1878-7479"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1878-7479","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Thalamo-cortical evoked potentials during stimulation of the dentato-rubro-thalamic tract demonstrate synaptic filtering","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neurotherapeutics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurot.2023.10.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"e00295"}}