{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T10:22:20Z","timestamp":1792059740215,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]],"date-time":"2024-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704931200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R01MH122387-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01MH122387-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AA021090-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AA021090-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MH117292"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH117292"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MH125886-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH125886-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["neurotherapeuticsjournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurotherapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T12:20:04Z","timestamp":1706185204000},"page":"e00322","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["The mechanistic divide in psychedelic neuroscience: An unbridgeable gap?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Bryan R.","family":"Barksdale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manoj K.","family":"Doss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory A.","family":"Fonzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles B.","family":"Nemeroff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib1","first-page":"115","article-title":"Humphry Fortescue Osmond (1917-2004), a radical and conventional psychiatrist: the transcendent years","volume":"24","author":"Kaplan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Med Biogr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.115.011478","volume":"68","author":"Nichols","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychedelics. Pharmacol Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2018.11.010","article-title":"Classic psychedelics: an integrative review of epidemiology, therapeutics, mystical experience, and brain network function","volume":"197","author":"Johnson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.funbio.2022.01.003","article-title":"Diversity, biology, and history of psilocybin-containing fungi: suggestions for\u00a0research and technological development","volume":"126","author":"Van Court","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fungal Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.15587","article-title":"The clinical pharmacology and potential therapeutic applications of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT)","volume":"162","author":"Reckweg","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurochem"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2448","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.8b00215","article-title":"Dark classics in chemical neuroscience: mescaline","volume":"9","author":"Cassels","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Chem Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2835","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.2835","article-title":"N-dimethyltryptamine and Amazonian ayahuasca plant medicine","volume":"37","author":"James","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hum Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v67n1110","article-title":"Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of psilocybin in 9 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"67","author":"Moreno","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.116","article-title":"Pilot study of psilocybin treatment for anxiety in patients with advanced-stage cancer","volume":"68","author":"Grob","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatr"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1947","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02455-9","article-title":"Psilocybin therapy for females with anorexia nervosa: a phase 1, open-label feasibility study","volume":"29","author":"Peck","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.3109\/00952990.2016.1170135","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of psilocybin-facilitated smoking cessation","volume":"43","author":"Johnson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2022.2096","article-title":"Percentage of heavy drinking days following psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy vs placebo in the treatment of adult patients with alcohol use disorder: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"79","author":"Bogenschutz","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatr"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2206443","article-title":"Single-dose psilocybin for a treatment-resistant episode of major depression","volume":"387","author":"Goodwin","year":"2022","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1177\/02698811211073759","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of psilocybin-assisted treatment for major depressive disorder: prospective 12-month follow-up","volume":"36","author":"Gukasyan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Psychopharmacol Oxf Engl"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2032994","article-title":"Trial of psilocybin versus escitalopram for depression","volume":"384","author":"Carhart-Harris","year":"2021","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881116675513","article-title":"Psilocybin produces substantial and sustained decreases in depression and anxiety in patients with life-threatening cancer: a randomized double-blind trial","volume":"30","author":"Griffiths","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Psychopharmacol Oxf Engl"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881116675512","article-title":"Rapid and sustained symptom reduction following psilocybin treatment for anxiety and depression in patients with life-threatening cancer: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"30","author":"Ross","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Psychopharmacol Oxf Engl"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-022-01177-4","article-title":"The neural basis of psychedelic action","volume":"25","author":"Kwan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.08.024","article-title":"Structure of a hallucinogen-activated gq-coupled 5-HT2A serotonin receptor","volume":"182","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib20","first-page":"120","article-title":"A\u00a0high-resolution in vivo atlas of the human brain's serotonin system","volume":"37","author":"Beliveau","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib21","first-page":"1","article-title":"Psilocybin analog 4-OH-DiPT enhances fear extinction and GABAergic inhibition of principal neurons in the basolateral amygdala","author":"Kelly","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-2396(20010315)39:4<297::AID-SYN1012>3.0.CO;2-Q","article-title":"Distribution of serotonin 5-HT2A receptors in afferents of the rat striatum","volume":"39","author":"Bubser","year":"2001","journal-title":"Synapse"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.11.006","article-title":"Neuronal localization of 5-HT2A receptor immunoreactivity in the rat hippocampal region","volume":"87","author":"Bombardi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-019-0324-9","article-title":"Psychedelic effects of psilocybin correlate with serotonin 2A receptor occupancy and plasma psilocin levels","volume":"44","author":"Madsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacol Off Publ Am Coll Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.35082","article-title":"Changes in global and thalamic brain connectivity in LSD-induced altered states of consciousness are attributable to the 5-HT2A receptor","volume":"7","author":"Preller","year":"2018","journal-title":"Elife"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3897","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199812010-00024","article-title":"Psilocybin induces schizophrenia-like psychosis in humans via a serotonin-2 agonist action","volume":"9","author":"Vollenweider","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2019.107933","article-title":"Correlation between the potency of hallucinogens in the mouse head-twitch response assay and their behavioral and subjective effects in other species","volume":"167","author":"Halberstadt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.01.008","article-title":"Hallucinogens recruit specific cortical 5-HT(2A) receptor-mediated signaling pathways to affect behavior","volume":"53","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Maeso","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8221","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-44016-1","article-title":"Identification of 5-HT2A receptor signaling pathways associated with psychedelic potential","volume":"14","author":"Wallach","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2727","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.3c00267","article-title":"Structure\u2013activity assessment and in-depth analysis of biased agonism in a set of phenylalkylamine 5-HT2A receptor agonists","volume":"14","author":"Pottie","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Chem Neurosci"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2022.08.006","article-title":"Signaling snapshots of a serotonin receptor activated by the prototypical psychedelic LSD","volume":"110","author":"Cao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.15570","article-title":"In vitro assays for the functional characterization of (psychedelic) substances at the serotonin receptor 5-HT2A R","volume":"162","author":"Pottie","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurochem"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.3014","article-title":"PRESTO-TANGO: an open-source resource for interrogation of the druggable human GPCR-ome","volume":"22","author":"Kroeze","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Struct Mol Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1124\/pharmrev.120.000056","article-title":"Psychedelics in psychiatry: neuroplastic, immunomodulatory, and neurotransmitter mechanisms","volume":"73","author":"Inserra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2022489118","article-title":"Harnessing psilocybin: antidepressant-like behavioral and synaptic actions of psilocybin are independent of 5-HT2R activation in mice","volume":"118","author":"Hesselgrave","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.20220835","article-title":"Antidepressant effects of psilocybin in the absence of psychedelic effects","volume":"180","author":"Rosenblat","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2022.109232","article-title":"Psychedelics as potent anti-inflammatory therapeutics","volume":"219","author":"Nichols","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.108.143461","article-title":"Serotonin 5-Hydroxytryptamine2A receptor activation suppresses tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1-induced inflammation with extraordinary potency","volume":"327","author":"Yu","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pharmacol Exp Therapeut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/7854_2022_367","article-title":"Psychedelics and anti-inflammatory activity in animal models","volume":"56","author":"Flanagan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Top Behav Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(91)90128-B","article-title":"5-Hydroxytryptamine2 and 5-hydroxytryptamine1A receptors mediate opposing responses on membrane excitability in rat association cortex","volume":"40","author":"Araneda","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biochem.1c00812","article-title":"Biochemical mechanisms underlying psychedelic-induced neuroplasticity","volume":"61","author":"Olson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-023-01316-5","article-title":"Psychedelics promote plasticity by directly binding to BDNF receptor TrkB","volume":"26","author":"Moliner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.05.022","article-title":"Psychedelics promote structural and functional neural plasticity","volume":"23","author":"Ly","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-020-01011-0","article-title":"N-dimethyltryptamine compound found in the hallucinogenic tea ayahuasca, regulates adult neurogenesis in vitro and in vivo","volume":"10","author":"Morales-Garcia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-013-3579-0","article-title":"Effects of psilocybin on hippocampal neurogenesis and extinction of trace fear conditioning","volume":"228","author":"Catlow","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.109836","article-title":"Prolonged epigenomic and synaptic plasticity alterations following single exposure to a psychedelic in mice","volume":"37","author":"de la Fuente Revenga","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2021.06.008","article-title":"Psilocybin induces rapid and persistent growth of dendritic spines in frontal cortex in vivo","volume":"109","author":"Shao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22020835","article-title":"A\u00a0single dose of psilocybin increases synaptic density and decreases 5-HT2A receptor density in the pig brain","volume":"22","author":"Raval","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"6633","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adf0435","article-title":"Psychedelics promote neuroplasticity through the activation of intracellular 5-HT2A receptors","volume":"379","author":"Vargas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1714","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.15348","article-title":"Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA): serotonergic and dopaminergic mechanisms related to its use and misuse","volume":"157","author":"Schenk","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurochem"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(00)00126-3","article-title":"Psychological and physiological effects of MDMA (\u201cEcstasy\u201d) after pretreatment with the 5-HT2 antagonist ketanserin in healthy humans","volume":"23","author":"Liechti","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(99)00148-7","article-title":"Acute psychological effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, \u201cecstasy\u201d) are attenuated by the serotonin uptake inhibitor citalopram","volume":"22","author":"Liechti","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.5.1817","article-title":"The molecular mechanism of \u201cecstasy\u201d [3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA)]: serotonin transporters are targets for MDMA-induced serotonin release","volume":"89","author":"Rudnick","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"7966","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06204-3","article-title":"Psychedelics reopen the social reward learning critical period","volume":"618","author":"Nardou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7754","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1075-9","article-title":"Oxytocin-dependent reopening of a social reward learning critical period with MDMA","volume":"569","author":"Nardou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(96)00246-1","article-title":"Positron emission tomography and fluorodeoxyglucose studies of metabolic hyperfrontality and psychopathology in the psilocybin model of psychosis","volume":"16","author":"Vollenweider","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacol Off Publ Am Coll Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(98)00089-X","article-title":"Neurometabolic effects of psilocybin, 3,4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDE) and d-methamphetamine in healthy volunteers. A double-blind, placebo-controlled PET study with [18F]FDG","volume":"20","author":"Gouzoulis-Mayfrank","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacol Off Publ Am Coll Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2138","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1119598109","article-title":"Neural correlates of the psychedelic state as determined by fMRI studies with psilocybin","volume":"109","author":"Carhart-Harris","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.07.020","article-title":"Two dose investigation of the 5-HT-agonist psilocybin on relative and global cerebral blood flow","volume":"159","author":"Lewis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4853","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1518377113","article-title":"Neural correlates of the LSD experience revealed by multimodal neuroimaging","volume":"113","author":"Carhart-Harris","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2018.03.005","article-title":"Altered network hub connectivity after acute LSD administration","volume":"18","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2018","journal-title":"NeuroImage Clin"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2016.02.010","article-title":"Increased global functional connectivity correlates with LSD-induced ego dissolution","volume":"26","author":"Tagliazucchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib63","first-page":"885","article-title":"Characterizing thalamocortical (Dys)connectivity following D-amphetamine, LSD, and MDMA administration","volume":"7","author":"Avram","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12818","article-title":"Increased thalamic resting-state connectivity as a core driver of LSD-induced hallucinations","volume":"136","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awab406","article-title":"Models of psychedelic drug action: modulation of cortical-subcortical circuits","volume":"145","author":"Doss","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain J Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2214","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-59282-y","article-title":"Emotions and brain function are altered up to one month after a single high dose of psilocybin","volume":"10","author":"Barrett","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01744-z","article-title":"Increased global integration in the brain after psilocybin therapy for depression","volume":"28","author":"Daws","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-021-01706-y","article-title":"Psilocybin therapy increases cognitive and neural flexibility in patients with major depressive disorder","volume":"11","author":"Doss","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2023.109422","article-title":"Ketamine and serotonergic psychedelics: an update on the mechanisms and biosignatures underlying rapid-acting antidepressant treatment","volume":"226","author":"Johnston","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1021\/acsptsci.0c00192","article-title":"The subjective effects of psychedelics may not Be necessary for their enduring therapeutic effects","volume":"4","author":"Olson","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci"},{"issue":"7842","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-3008-z","article-title":"A\u00a0non-hallucinogenic psychedelic analogue with therapeutic potential","volume":"589","author":"Cameron","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1021\/acsptsci.0c00194","article-title":"The subjective effects of psychedelics are necessary for their enduring therapeutic effects","volume":"4","author":"Yaden","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00974","article-title":"Quality of acute psychedelic experience predicts therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression","volume":"8","author":"Roseman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.2174\/1874473708666150107121331","article-title":"Psilocybin-occasioned mystical experiences in the treatment of tobacco addiction","volume":"7","author":"Garcia-Romeu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Drug Abuse Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2020.3285","article-title":"Effects of psilocybin-assisted therapy on major depressive disorder: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"78","author":"Davis","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatr"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881118780612","article-title":"Psychedelic therapy for smoking cessation: qualitative analysis of participant accounts","volume":"32","author":"Noorani","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881114548296","article-title":"Pilot study of the 5-HT2AR agonist psilocybin in the treatment of tobacco addiction","volume":"28","author":"Johnson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1038\/s44220-023-00140-x","article-title":"Randomized trial of ketamine masked by surgical anesthesia in patients with depression","volume":"1","author":"Lii","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Mental Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2023.02.017","article-title":"Propofol exerts anti-anhedonia effects via inhibiting the dopamine transporter","volume":"111","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e134","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2023.535","article-title":"Psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression without psychedelic effects: study protocol for a 4-week, double-blind, proof-of-concept randomised controlled trial","volume":"9","author":"Husain","year":"2023","journal-title":"BJPsych Open"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.3109\/00952990.2013.811513","article-title":"A\u00a0proposal to evaluate mechanistic efficacy of hallucinogens in addiction treatment","volume":"39","author":"Burdick","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib82","article-title":"Psychedelic replications in virtual reality and their potential as a therapeutic instrument: an open-label feasibility study","volume":"14","author":"Kaup","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Psychiatr"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0253779","article-title":"Altered states phenomena induced by visual flicker light stimulation","volume":"16","author":"Bartossek","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881119857204","article-title":"Microdosing psychedelics: more questions than answers? An overview and\u00a0suggestions for future research","volume":"33","author":"Kuypers","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2022.104706","article-title":"The emerging science of microdosing: a systematic review of research on low dose psychedelics (1955-2021) and recommendations for the field","volume":"139","author":"Polito","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.62878","article-title":"Self-blinding citizen science to explore psychedelic microdosing","volume":"10","author":"Szigeti","year":"2021","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881120959614","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation in the rat prefrontal cortex and hippocampus after a single administration of psilocybin","volume":"35","author":"Jefsen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Psychopharmacol Oxf Engl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib88","article-title":"Must psilocybin\u00a0always\u00a0\u201cassist psychotherapy\u201d","volume":"181","author":"Goodwin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatr"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1854","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-022-01344-y","article-title":"Exploratory study of the dose-related safety, tolerability, and efficacy of dimethyltryptamine (DMT) in healthy volunteers and major depressive disorder","volume":"47","author":"D'Souza","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2021.12.010","article-title":"Non-invasive transcranial ultrasound stimulation for neuromodulation","volume":"135","author":"Darmani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin\u00a0Neurophysiol Off J Int Fed Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2020.20071050","article-title":"Examining and modulating neural circuits in psychiatric disorders with transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography: present practices and future developments","volume":"178","author":"Ferrarelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322_bib92","first-page":"1","article-title":"Therapeutic mechanisms of psychedelics and entactogens","author":"Heifets","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"}],"container-title":["Neurotherapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1878747924000084?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1878747924000084?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,13]],"date-time":"2024-10-13T21:12:43Z","timestamp":1728853963000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1878747924000084"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1878747924000084"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322","relation":{},"ISSN":["1878-7479"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1878-7479","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The mechanistic divide in psychedelic neuroscience: An unbridgeable gap?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neurotherapeutics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00322","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"e00322"}}