{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T21:08:50Z","timestamp":1788988130194,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]],"date-time":"2026-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32ER30_17367"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32ER30_17367"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006022","name":"Government of France Government of France Ministry of Labor Health Solidarity and Families","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DGOS2016- SERI E-RARE"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DGOS2016- SERI E-RARE"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006022","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Forschung Technologie und Raumfahrt Informationstechnikzentrum Bund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01GM1704A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01GM1704A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Forschung Technologie und Raumfahrt Informationstechnikzentrum Bund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01GM1704B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01GM1704B"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","neurotherapeuticsjournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurotherapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T00:30:05Z","timestamp":1780533005000},"page":"e00936","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effects of fasudil on disease spreading in ALS - A MUNIX-based post-hoc analysis of the ROCK-ALS trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Andreas W.","family":"Wolff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Leha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan C.","family":"Koch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonia F.","family":"Demleitner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Neuwirth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Friede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Lingor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10360","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01272-7","article-title":"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"400","author":"Feldman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23937","article-title":"Stages of pTDP-43 pathology in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"74","author":"Brettschneider","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2018.03.008","article-title":"ROCK inhibition in models of neurodegeneration and its potential for clinical translation","volume":"189","author":"Koch","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00017","article-title":"Rho kinase inhibition with fasudil in the SOD1G93A mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-symptomatic treatment potential after disease onset","volume":"8","author":"G\u00fcnther","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(24)00373-9","article-title":"Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of fasudil in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ROCK-ALS): a phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"23","author":"Koch","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00293","article-title":"ROCK-ALS: protocol for a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind phase IIa trial of safety, tolerability and efficacy of the rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitor fasudil in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"10","author":"Lingor","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1080\/146608200300079536","article-title":"El Escorial revisited: revised criteria for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"1","author":"Brooks","year":"2000","journal-title":"Amyotroph Lateral Scler Other Motor Neuron Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26099","article-title":"Motor unit number index: guidelines for recording signals and their analysis","volume":"58","author":"Nandedkar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2011.02.017","article-title":"Motor Unit Number Index (MUNIX): a novel neurophysiological marker for neuromuscular disorders; test-retest reliability in healthy volunteers","volume":"122","author":"Neuwirth","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2018.04.614","article-title":"Implementing Motor Unit Number Index (MUNIX) in a large clinical trial: real world experience from 27 centres","volume":"129","author":"Neuwirth","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2979","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2016.06.011","article-title":"MUNIX: reproducibility and clinical correlations in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"127","author":"Escorcio-Bezerra","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1984","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.12.023","article-title":"Lower motor neuron involvement in ALS assessed by motor unit number index (MUNIX): Long-term changes and reproducibility","volume":"127","author":"Fathi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102036","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of CNM-Au8 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (RESCUE-ALS study): a phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial and open label extension","volume":"60","author":"Vucic","year":"2023","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1895","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2011.05.014","article-title":"Motor Unit Number Index (MUNIX): reference values of five different muscles in healthy subjects from a multi-centre study","volume":"122","author":"Neuwirth","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2015-310509","article-title":"Tracking motor neuron loss in a set of six muscles in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using the Motor Unit Number Index (MUNIX): a 15-month longitudinal multicentre trial","volume":"86","author":"Neuwirth","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2019.01.020","article-title":"Assessment of the reliability of the motor unit size index (MUSIX) in single subject \"round-robin\" and multi-centre settings","volume":"130","author":"Alix","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2016.11.026","article-title":"Motor Unit Number Index (MUNIX) detects motor neuron loss in pre-symptomatic muscles in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"128","author":"Neuwirth","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26087","article-title":"Motor unit number index and neurophysiological index as candidate biomarkers of presymptomatic motor neuron loss in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"58","author":"Escorcio-Bezerra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00465-8","article-title":"Recent advances in the diagnosis and prognosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"21","author":"Goutman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2024.04.013","article-title":"Could the motor unit number index be an early prognostic biomarker for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?","volume":"163","author":"Grapperon","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.25595","article-title":"Global motor unit number index sum score for assessing the loss of lower motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"56","author":"Grimaldi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000003647","article-title":"Does the MUNIX method reflect clinical dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a practical experience","volume":"95","author":"Gawel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltim)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00614","article-title":"Combinatory biomarker use of cortical thickness, MUNIX, and ALSFRS-R at baseline and in longitudinal courses of individual patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"9","author":"Wirth","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib24","first-page":"553","article-title":"Evaluation of relationship between laboratory, electrodiagnostic, and functional parameters in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; A cross sectional Study","volume":"15","author":"Zeinali","year":"2024","journal-title":"Basic Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-014-7564-8","article-title":"Prognostic factors for the course of functional status of patients with ALS: a systematic review","volume":"262","author":"Creemers","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-024-01070-7","article-title":"SAFE-ROCK: a phase I trial of an oral application of the ROCK inhibitor fasudil to assess bioavailability, safety, and tolerability in healthy participants","volume":"38","author":"Wolff","year":"2024","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"}],"container-title":["Neurotherapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1878747926001066?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1878747926001066?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T20:35:22Z","timestamp":1788986122000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1878747926001066"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S1878747926001066"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936","relation":{},"ISSN":["1878-7479"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1878-7479","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effects of fasudil on disease spreading in ALS - A MUNIX-based post-hoc analysis of the ROCK-ALS trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neurotherapeutics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00936","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"e00936"}}