{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T15:59:02Z","timestamp":1788451142797,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,26]],"date-time":"2014-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1409011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":237,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Health & Research Council of Australia","award":["1007557"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1007557"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["NeuroImage: Clinical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,27]],"date-time":"2014-08-27T00:21:25Z","timestamp":1409098885000},"page":"275-283","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Functional and structural changes in the brain associated with the increase in muscle sympathetic nerve activity in obstructive sleep apnoea"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Rania H.","family":"Fatouleh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elie","family":"Hammam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda C.","family":"Lundblad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul M.","family":"Macey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David K.","family":"McKenzie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luke A.","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vaughan G.","family":"Macefield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2000.0582","article-title":"Voxel-based morphometry \u2014 the methods","volume":"11","author":"Ashburner","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.02.018","article-title":"Unified segmentation","volume":"26","author":"Ashburner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10503","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1103-13.2013","article-title":"The autonomic brain: an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis for central processing of autonomic function","volume":"33","author":"Beissner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience: the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201005-0693OC","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea: brain structural changes and neurocognitive function before and after treatment","volume":"183","author":"Canessa","year":"2011","journal-title":"American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.154.5.8912770","article-title":"Depressed baroreflex sensitivity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"154","author":"Carlson","year":"1996","journal-title":"American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.103.6.1763","article-title":"Augmented resting sympathetic activity in awake patients with obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"103","author":"Carlson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2139","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awg216","article-title":"Human cingulate cortex and autonomic control: converging neuroimaging and clinical evidence","volume":"126","author":"Critchley","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain: A Journal of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb9005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00899.2001","article-title":"Mechanisms of sympatho-excitation: single-unit analysis of muscle vasoconstrictor neurons in awake OSAS subjects","volume":"93","author":"Elam","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2013.077511","article-title":"Respiratory modulation of muscle sympathetic nerve activity in obstructive sleep apnoea","author":"Fatouleh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Experimental Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1995.1007","article-title":"Analysis of fMRI time-series revisited","volume":"2","author":"Friston","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00764.2011","article-title":"Forebrain organization representing baroreceptor gating of somatosensory afferents within the cortical autonomic network","volume":"108","author":"Goswami","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.22514","article-title":"Functional neuroanatomy and sleep-disordered breathing: implications for autonomic regulation","volume":"295","author":"Harper","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anatomical Record (Hoboken, N.J.: 2007)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2013.04.021","article-title":"Sleep-disordered breathing: effects on brain structure and function","volume":"188","author":"Harper","year":"2013","journal-title":"Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00881.2002","article-title":"fMRI responses to cold pressor challenges in control and obstructive sleep apnea subjects","volume":"94","author":"Harper","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md.: 1985)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.95.08020222","article-title":"Reduction in sympathetic activity after long-term CPAP treatment in sleep apnoea: cardiovascular implications","volume":"8","author":"Hedner","year":"1995","journal-title":"European Respiratory Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S529","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-198812040-00166","article-title":"Is high and fluctuating muscle nerve sympathetic activity in the sleep apnoea syndrome of pathogenetic importance for the development of hypertension?","volume":"6","author":"Hedner","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Hypertension. Supplement: Official Journal of the International Society of Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00702.2002","article-title":"Neural responses during valsalva maneuvers in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome","volume":"94","author":"Henderson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md.: 1985)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb9010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.06-2580","article-title":"Sympathetic chemoreflex responses in obstructive sleep apnea and effects of continuous positive airway pressure therapy","volume":"131","author":"Imadojemu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.12.047","article-title":"Real-time imaging of cortical and subcortical control of muscle sympathetic nerve activity in awake human subjects","volume":"70","author":"James","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.2876","article-title":"Localized cortical thinning in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome","volume":"36","author":"Joo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/33.2.235","article-title":"Reduced brain gray matter concentration in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome","volume":"33","author":"Joo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e82525","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0082525","article-title":"Apnea-induced cortical BOLD-fMRI and peripheral sympathoneural firing response patterns of awake healthy humans","volume":"8","author":"Kimmerly","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1186\/rr79","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea and vascular disease","volume":"2","author":"Lanfranchi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Respiratory Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2012.00153","article-title":"Firing patterns of muscle vasoconstrictor neurons in respiratory disease","volume":"3","author":"Macefield","year":"2012","journal-title":"Frontiers in Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00588.2005","article-title":"Neural sites involved in the sustained increase in muscle sympathetic nerve activity induced by inspiratory capacity apnea: a fMRI study","volume":"100","author":"Macefield","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md.: 1985)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20885","article-title":"Real-time imaging of the medullary circuitry involved in the generation of spontaneous muscle sympathetic nerve activity in awake subjects","volume":"31","author":"Macefield","year":"2010","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2005.05.024","article-title":"Inspiratory loading elicits aberrant fMRI signal changes in obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"151","author":"Macey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200201-050OC","article-title":"Brain morphology associated with obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"166","author":"Macey","year":"2002","journal-title":"American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0135","first-page":"967","article-title":"Brain structural changes in obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"31","author":"Macey","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e76631","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0076631","article-title":"Heart rate responses to autonomic challenges in obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"8","author":"Macey","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2003.09.002","article-title":"Functional magnetic resonance imaging responses to expiratory loading in obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"138","author":"Macey","year":"2003","journal-title":"Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2869.2000.00214.x","article-title":"Functional neuroimaging of normal human sleep by positron emission tomography","volume":"9","author":"Maquet","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Sleep Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2009.126730","article-title":"Changes in brain morphology in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea","volume":"65","author":"Morrell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb9015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.32.6.1039","article-title":"Baroreflexcontrol of sympathetic nerve activity and heart rate in obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"32","author":"Narkiewicz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.99.9.1183","article-title":"Selective potentiation of peripheral chemoreflex sensitivity in obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"99","author":"Narkiewicz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb9020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-201X.2003.01091.x","article-title":"Sympathetic nerve activity in obstructive sleep apnoea","volume":"177","author":"Narkiewicz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Physiologica Scandinavica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.14.1829","article-title":"Association of sleep-disordered breathing, sleep apnea, and hypertension in a large community-based study. Sleep Heart Health Study","volume":"283","author":"Nieto","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA: the Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19981130)401:4<480::AID-CNE4>3.0.CO;2-F","article-title":"Prefrontal cortical projections to the hypothalamus in macaque monkeys","volume":"401","author":"Ong\u00fcr","year":"1998","journal-title":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200005113421901","article-title":"Prospective study of the association between sleep-disordered breathing and hypertension","volume":"342","author":"Peppard","year":"2000","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07445-7","article-title":"Ambulatory blood pressure after therapeutic and subtherapeutic nasal continuous positive airway pressure for obstructive sleep apnoea: a randomised parallel trial","volume":"359","author":"Pepperell","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1949.12.6.385","article-title":"Autonomic effects on stimulating rostral portion of cingulate gyri in Man","volume":"12","author":"Pool","year":"1949","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(88)90701-9","article-title":"Cardiovascular and respiratory responses to electrical and chemical stimulation of the hippocampus in anesthetized and awake rats","volume":"457","author":"Ruit","year":"1988","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.06-2165","article-title":"Predictors of decreased spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome","volume":"131","author":"Ryan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5687(00)00126-2","article-title":"Chronic-intermittent hypoxia: a model of sympathetic activation in the rat","volume":"121","author":"Sica","year":"2000","journal-title":"Respiration Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(00)02170-3","article-title":"Immediate-early gene expression in cerebral cortex following exposure to chronic-intermittent hypoxia","volume":"870","author":"Sica","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118235","article-title":"Sympathetic neural mechanisms in obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"96","author":"Somers","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.09.065","article-title":"Cognitive profile and brain morphological changes in obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"54","author":"Torelli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0220","first-page":"R713","article-title":"Medullary sympathoexcitatory neurons are inhibited by activation of the medial prefrontal cortex in the rat","volume":"270","author":"Verberne","year":"1996","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(87)90878-X","article-title":"Medial prefrontal cortical lesions modulate baroreflex sensitivity in the rat","volume":"426","author":"Verberne","year":"1987","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)11091-4","article-title":"Centrally mediated cardiovascular actions of dynorphin A(1-8) on rat hippocampal formation","volume":"261","author":"Wang","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1948.11.1.13","article-title":"The cingular gyrus, area 24","volume":"11","author":"Ward","year":"1948","journal-title":"Journal of neurophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3233","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200110290-00018","article-title":"Right prefrontal activation produced by arterial baroreceptor stimulation: a PET study","volume":"12","author":"Weisz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2005.02.003","article-title":"Functional abnormalities in brain areas that mediate autonomic nervous system control in advanced heart failure","volume":"11","author":"Woo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Cardiac Failure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1527-5299.2007.05856.x","article-title":"Aberrant central nervous system responses to the valsalva maneuver in heart failure","volume":"13","author":"Woo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Congestive Heart Failure (Greenwich, Conn.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021_bb0255","first-page":"461","article-title":"A review of neuroimaging in obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"2","author":"Zimmerman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine: JCSM: Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine"}],"container-title":["NeuroImage: Clinical"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213158214001302?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213158214001302?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T03:57:28Z","timestamp":1761969448000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213158214001302"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":55,"alternative-id":["S2213158214001302"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-1582"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-1582","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Functional and structural changes in the brain associated with the increase in muscle sympathetic nerve activity in obstructive sleep apnoea","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"NeuroImage: Clinical","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.021","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}