{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T18:12:45Z","timestamp":1770833565311,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,8]],"date-time":"2014-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1410134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":250,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000261","name":"Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000261","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011873","name":"Multiple Sclerosis Scientific Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011873","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008582","name":"McGill University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008582","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000801","name":"Bayer HealthCare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000801","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["NeuroImage: Clinical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,10]],"date-time":"2014-09-10T07:31:30Z","timestamp":1410334290000},"page":"237-242","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Magnetization transfer ratio recovery in new lesions decreases during adolescence in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis patients"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Brown","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sridar","family":"Narayanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brenda","family":"Banwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Douglas L.","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.05.065","article-title":"A new method for structural volume analysis of longitudinal brain MRI data and its application in studying the growth trajectories of anatomical brain structures in childhood","volume":"82","author":"Aubert-Broche","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.03.025","article-title":"Regional brain atrophy in children with multiple sclerosis","volume":"58","author":"Aubert-Broche","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(11)70045-X","article-title":"Clinical, environmental, and genetic determinants of multiple sclerosis in children with acute demyelination: a prospective national cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Banwell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet. Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(07)70242-9","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis in children: clinical diagnosis, therapeutic strategies, and future directions","volume":"6","author":"Banwell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet. Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.60.8.1073","article-title":"Remyelinated lesions in multiple sclerosis: magnetic resonance image appearance","volume":"60","author":"Barkhof","year":"2003","journal-title":"Archives of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb006","series-title":"lme4: Linear Mixed-Effects Models Using S4 Classes. R Package","author":"Bates","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1994.03950060041004","article-title":"Myelination of a key relay zone in the hippocampal formation occurs in the human brain during childhood, adolescence, and adulthood","volume":"51","author":"Benes","year":"1994","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073812452784","article-title":"Pediatric multiple sclerosis","volume":"27","author":"Bigi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Child Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.59.7.1006","article-title":"Early onset multiple sclerosis: a longitudinal study","volume":"59","author":"Boiko","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0010","first-page":"103","article-title":"Segmentation of magnetization transfer ratio lesions for longitudinal analysis of demyelination and remyelination in multiple sclerosis","volume":"66C","author":"Brown","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0011","first-page":"4082","article-title":"Normalization of magnetization transfer ratio MRI for multicentre clinical trials","author":"Brown","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine Annual Conference and Exhibition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.03.073","article-title":"Voxel-based analysis of the evolution of magnetization transfer ratio to quantify remyelination and demyelination with histopathological validation in a multiple sclerosis lesion","volume":"36","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0013","first-page":"180","article-title":"Automated 3D nonlinear deformation procedure for determination of gross morphometric variability in human brain","volume":"2359","author":"Collins","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proceedings of S.P.I.E."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(00)00331-2","article-title":"In vivo evaluation of remyelination in rat brain by magnetization transfer imaging","volume":"178","author":"Deloire-Grassin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.182.2.1732968","article-title":"Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis: lesion characterization with magnetization transfer imaging","volume":"182","author":"Dousset","year":"1992","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2009.12.020","article-title":"Overcoming remyelination failure in multiple sclerosis and other myelin disorders","volume":"225","author":"Fancy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Experimental Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0017","series-title":"Automatic Lesion Identification in MRI of Multiple Sclerosis Patients","author":"Francis","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200205240-00001","article-title":"Ageing and CNS remyelination","volume":"13","author":"Franklin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0019","first-page":"12","article-title":"Quantitative comparison of regional lesion burden between children and adults with clinically definite multiple sclerosis","volume":"70","author":"Ghassemi","year":"2008","journal-title":"60th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21322","article-title":"Lesion distribution in children with clinically isolated syndromes","volume":"63","author":"Ghassemi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annals of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2990.1993.tb00424.x","article-title":"Failure of remyelination in areas of demyelination produced in the spinal cord of old rats","volume":"19","author":"Gilson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1006\/mcne.2000.0897","article-title":"Delayed changes in growth factor gene expression during slow remyelination in the CNS of aged rats","volume":"16","author":"Hinks","year":"2000","journal-title":"Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318240799a","article-title":"Reduced head and brain size for age and disproportionately smaller thalami in child-onset MS","volume":"78","author":"Kerbrat","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0024","series-title":"MixMod: Analysis of Mixed Models. R Package","author":"Kuznetsova","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903400304","article-title":"Axon overproduction and elimination in the anterior commissure of the developing rhesus monkey","volume":"340","author":"LaMantia","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Comparative Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2156","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.10-07-02156.1990","article-title":"Axon overproduction and elimination in the corpus callosum of the developing rhesus monkey","volume":"10","author":"LaMantia","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience: the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.03.053","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism of brain developmental trajectories during childhood and adolescence","volume":"36","author":"Lenroot","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.1996.tb00859.x","article-title":"Central nervous system remyelination clinical application of basic neuroscience principles","volume":"6","author":"Miller","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain Pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0029","article-title":"A general and simple method for obtaining R2 from generalized linear mixed-effects models","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Methods in Ecology and Evolution"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3165","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl217","article-title":"Remyelination is extensive in a subset of multiple sclerosis patients","volume":"129","author":"Patrikios","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain: A Journal of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9519","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1212-08.2008","article-title":"Growth of white matter in the adolescent brain: role of testosterone and androgen receptor","volume":"28","author":"Perrin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience: the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.215.3.r00jn02824","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis: magnetization transfer MR imaging of white matter before lesion appearance on T2-weighted images","volume":"215","author":"Pike","year":"2000","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20703","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2005 revisions to the \u201cMcDonald Criteria\u201d","volume":"58","author":"Polman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annals of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0034","series-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2008.04.009","article-title":"The natural history of multiple sclerosis with childhood onset","volume":"110","author":"Renoux","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2603","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa067597","article-title":"Natural history of multiple sclerosis with childhood onset","volume":"356","author":"Renoux","year":"2007","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2011.11.019","article-title":"Rejuvenation of regeneration in the aging central nervous system","volume":"10","author":"Ruckh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S326","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-004-0335-z","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis in children under 10 years of age","volume":"25","author":"Ruggieri","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurological Sciences: Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20202","article-title":"Magnetization transfer ratio and myelin in postmortem multiple sclerosis brain","volume":"56","author":"Schmierer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annals of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2172","article-title":"Age-dependent epigenetic control of differentiation inhibitors is critical for remyelination efficiency","volume":"11","author":"Shen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2451","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-07-02451.2002","article-title":"The age-related decrease in CNS remyelination efficiency is attributable to an impairment of both oligodendrocyte progenitor recruitment and differentiation","volume":"22","author":"Sim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience: the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1037\/a0022051","article-title":"MRI correlates of cognitive impairment in childhood-onset multiple sclerosis","volume":"25","author":"Till","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2009.158","article-title":"Pediatric multiple sclerosis","volume":"5","author":"Yeh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature Reviews. Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003_bb0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3392","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp278","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of children and adults with paediatric-onset multiple sclerosis","volume":"132","author":"Yeh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain: A Journal of Neurology"}],"container-title":["NeuroImage: Clinical"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213158214001399?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213158214001399?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T03:55:00Z","timestamp":1761969300000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213158214001399"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["S2213158214001399"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-1582"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-1582","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Magnetization transfer ratio recovery in new lesions decreases during adolescence in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis patients","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"NeuroImage: Clinical","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2013 Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}