{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T20:24:48Z","timestamp":1789503888486,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":69,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007241","name":"Kaiser Foundation Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007241","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AG0005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AG0005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart Lung and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["75N92023D00005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75N92023D00005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart Lung and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["75N92023D00003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75N92023D00003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart Lung and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["75N92023D00004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75N92023D00004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart Lung and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["75N92023D00002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75N92023D00002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart Lung and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["75N92023D00006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75N92023D00006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007059","name":"Northwestern University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007059","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007249","name":"University of Minnesota","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007249","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008333","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008333","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["NeuroImage: Clinical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T16:44:49Z","timestamp":1741970689000},"page":"103768","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Spatial and signal features of white matter integrity and associations with clinical factors: A CARDIA brain MRI study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Faezeh","family":"Vedaei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dhivya","family":"Srinivasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Drew","family":"Parker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guray","family":"Erus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudipto","family":"Dolui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farzaneh A.","family":"Sorond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"David R.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lenore J.","family":"Launer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel T.","family":"Lackland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christos","family":"Davatzikos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.Nick","family":"Bryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilya M.","family":"Nasrallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.25197","article-title":"Recommended implementation of arterial spin-labeled perfusion MRI for clinical applications: A consensus of the ISMRM perfusion study group and the European consortium for ASL in dementia","volume":"73","author":"Alsop","year":"2015","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.10.019","article-title":"An integrated approach to correction for off-resonance effects and subject movement in diffusion MR imaging","volume":"125","author":"Andersson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2007.06.004","article-title":"Symmetric diffeomorphic image registration with cross-correlation: evaluating automated labeling of elderly and neurodegenerative brain","volume":"12","author":"Avants","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med Image Anal"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24758","article-title":"A Novel Imaging Marker for Small Vessel Disease Based on Skeletonization of White Matter Tracts and Diffusion Histograms","volume":"80","author":"Baykara","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2021-326569","article-title":"Rate of, and risk factors for, white matter hyperintensity growth: a systematic review and meta-analysis with implications for clinical trial design","volume":"92","author":"Brown","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2990.2010.01139.x","article-title":"Review: cerebral microvascular pathology in ageing and neurodegeneration","volume":"37","author":"Brown","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00145","article-title":"Neuroimaging of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease and Age-Related Cognitive Changes","volume":"11","author":"Caunca","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.14015","article-title":"White matter integrity mediates the associations between white matter hyperintensities and cognitive function in patients with silent cerebrovascular diseases","volume":"29","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2022.0074","article-title":"Association of Intensive vs Standard Blood Pressure Control With Cerebral Blood Flow: Secondary Analysis of the SPRINT MIND Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"79","author":"Dolui","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2019.101897","article-title":"Characterizing a perfusion-based periventricular small vessel region of interest","volume":"23","author":"Dolui","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0055","unstructured":"Doshi, J., Erus, G., Habes, M., & Davatzikos, C. (2019). DeepMRSeg: A convolutional deep neural network for anatomy and abnormality segmentation on MR images. ArXiv, abs\/1907.02110."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.11.073","article-title":"MUSE: MUlti-atlas region Segmentation utilizing Ensembles of registration algorithms and parameters, and locally optimal atlas selection","volume":"127","author":"Doshi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00526","article-title":"Different Types of White Matter Hyperintensities in CADASIL","volume":"9","author":"Duchesnay","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(23)00131-X","article-title":"Neuroimaging standards for research into small vessel disease-advances since 2013","volume":"22","author":"Duering","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2022.103114","article-title":"Determining the OPTIMAL DTI analysis method for application in cerebral small vessel disease","volume":"35","author":"Egle","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.9.1683","article-title":"Pathologic correlates of incidental MRI white matter signal hyperintensities","volume":"43","author":"Fazekas","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcac142","article-title":"In vivo myelin imaging and tissue microstructure in white matter hyperintensities and perilesional white matter","volume":"4","author":"Ferris","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.07.033","article-title":"Unbiased average age-appropriate atlases for pediatric studies","volume":"54","author":"Fonov","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(88)90080-7","article-title":"CARDIA: study design, recruitment, and some characteristics of the examined subjects","volume":"41","author":"Friedman","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.3389\/fninf.2014.00008","article-title":"Dipy, a library for the analysis of diffusion MRI data","volume":"8","author":"Garyfallidis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Neuroinform"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2016.02.015","article-title":"White matter development and tobacco smoking in young adults: A systematic review with recommendations for future research","volume":"162","author":"Gogliettino","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-199809000-00030","article-title":"An image-processing system for qualitative and quantitative volumetric analysis of brain images","volume":"22","author":"Goldszal","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.03.024","article-title":"Classification and characterization of periventricular and deep white matter hyperintensities on MRI: A study in older adults","volume":"170","author":"Griffanti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2018.02.032","article-title":"White matter microstructure, white matter lesions, and hypertension: An examination of early surrogate markers of vascular-related brain change in midlife","volume":"18","author":"Haight","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2243","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5871","article-title":"Hypertension Is Associated with White Matter Disruption in Apparently Healthy Middle-Aged Individuals","volume":"39","author":"Hannawi","year":"2018","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X21990980","article-title":"White matter network damage mediates association between cerebrovascular disease and cognition","volume":"41","author":"Hilal","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.1175","article-title":"Association of Early Adulthood 25-Year Blood Pressure Trajectories With Cerebral Lesions and Brain Structure in Midlife","volume":"5","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1097\/00008483-198911000-00003","article-title":"Validity and Reliability of Short Physical Activity History: Cardia and the Minnesota Heart Health Program","volume":"9","author":"Jacobs","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Cardiopulm Rehabil"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.031641","article-title":"Heterogeneity of Cerebral White Matter Lesions and Clinical Correlates in Older Adults","volume":"52","author":"Jung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2021.117839","article-title":"Investigating the microstructural properties of normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) preceding conversion to white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in stroke survivors","volume":"232","author":"Khan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2023.1187979","article-title":"Clinical and cognitive correlates tractography analysis in patients with white matter hyperintensity of vascular origin","volume":"17","author":"Kuang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0122138","article-title":"Vascular factors and multiple measures of early brain health: CARDIA brain MRI study","volume":"10","author":"Launer","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.0568","article-title":"Association Between Blood Pressure and Later-Life Cognition Among Black and White Individuals","volume":"77","author":"Levine","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X231214073","article-title":"Effect of the duration of hypertension on white matter structure and its link with cognition","volume":"44","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.124.047593","article-title":"Changes in Cerebral Hemodynamics and Progression of Subclinical Vascular Brain Disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study","volume":"56","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3146","article-title":"FLAIR and diffusion MRI signals are independent predictors of white matter hyperintensities","volume":"34","author":"Maillard","year":"2013","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.609768","article-title":"White matter hyperintensity penumbra","volume":"42","author":"Maillard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.004084","article-title":"White matter hyperintensities and their penumbra lie along a continuum of injury in the aging brain","volume":"45","author":"Maillard","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2014.07.048","article-title":"White matter hyperintensities and normal-appearing white matter integrity in the aging brain","volume":"36","author":"Maniega","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2428","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12560","article-title":"Race, sex, and mid-life changes in brain health: Cardia MRI substudy","volume":"18","author":"Moonen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X16635657","article-title":"Integrity of normal-appearing white matter: Influence of age, visible lesion burden and hypertension in patients with small-vessel disease","volume":"37","author":"Mu\u00f1oz Maniega","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A6119","article-title":"White Matter Lesion Penumbra Shows Abnormalities on Structural and Physiologic MRIs in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Cohort","volume":"40","author":"Nasrallah","year":"2019","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.10551","article-title":"Association of Intensive vs Standard Blood Pressure Control With Cerebral White Matter Lesions","volume":"322","author":"Nasrallah","year":"2019","journal-title":"Jama"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.090464","article-title":"Arterial stiffness and hypertension: emerging concepts","volume":"55","author":"Payne","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0225","first-page":"255","article-title":"Age-Related Modifications of Diffusion Tensor Imaging Parameters and White Matter Hyperintensities as Inter-Dependent Processes","volume":"7","author":"Pelletier","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwj063","article-title":"The Inconsistency of \u201cOptimal\u201d Cutpoints Obtained using Two Criteria based on the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve","volume":"163","author":"Perkins","year":"2006","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.005608","article-title":"Midlife and Late-Life Vascular Risk Factors and White Matter Microstructural Integrity: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Neurocognitive Study","volume":"6","author":"Power","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2015.04.012","article-title":"Characterizing the white matter hyperintensity penumbra with cerebral blood flow measures","volume":"8","author":"Promjunyakul","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2119","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000005684","article-title":"Baseline NAWM structural integrity and CBF predict periventricular WMH expansion over time","volume":"90","author":"Promjunyakul","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23836","article-title":"Cardiovascular health through young adulthood and cognitive functioning in midlife","volume":"73","author":"Reis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1186\/s12920-020-00769-y","article-title":"Association of blood pressure with cognitive function at midlife: a Mendelian randomization study","volume":"13","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Med Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2024.120790","article-title":"Exploring cognitive related microstructural alterations in normal appearing white matter and deep grey matter for small vessel disease: A quantitative susceptibility mapping study","volume":"298","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.122.039517","article-title":"Do Regions of Increased Inflammation Progress to New White Matter Hyperintensities?: A Longitudinal Positron Emission Tomography-Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study","volume":"54","author":"Tozer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2009.11.001","article-title":"DWI filtering using joint information for DTI and HARDI","volume":"14","author":"Trist\u00e1n-Vega","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Image Anal"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2010.2046908","article-title":"N4ITK: improved N3 bias correction","volume":"29","author":"Tustison","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000001294","article-title":"MRI progression of cerebral small vessel disease and cognitive decline in patients with hypertension","volume":"35","author":"Uiterwijk","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3612","article-title":"Morphologic, distributional, volumetric, and intensity characterization of periventricular hyperintensities","volume":"35","author":"Vald\u00e9s Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2014","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1824","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A4828","article-title":"White Matter Hyperintensity Volume and Cerebral Perfusion in Older Individuals with Hypertension Using Arterial Spin-Labeling","volume":"37","author":"van Dalen","year":"2016","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116158","article-title":"The effect of white matter hyperintensities on regional brain volumes and white matter microstructure, a population-based study in HUNT","volume":"203","author":"Vangberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.124.047910","article-title":"Heterogeneity and Penumbra of White Matter Hyperintensities in Small Vessel Diseases Determined by Quantitative MRI","volume":"56","author":"Voorter","year":"2025","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X221134384","article-title":"Association between susceptibility value and cerebral blood flow in the bilateral putamen in patients undergoing hemodialysis","volume":"43","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.803504","article-title":"Heterogeneity of White Matter Hyperintensities in Cognitively Impaired Patients With Cerebral Small Vessel Disease","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004328","article-title":"White matter hyperintensity reduction and outcomes after minor stroke","volume":"89","author":"Wardlaw","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.114.001140","article-title":"What are white matter hyperintensities made of? Relevance to vascular cognitive impairment","volume":"4","author":"Wardlaw","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa756","article-title":"Midlife blood pressure is associated with the severity of white matter hyperintensities: analysis of the UK Biobank cohort study","volume":"42","author":"Wartolowska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e917","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000008003","article-title":"Hemoglobin and anemia in relation to dementia risk and accompanying changes on brain MRI","volume":"93","author":"Wolters","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3681","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060519858023","article-title":"Volume of white matter hyperintensities increases with blood pressure in patients with hypertension","volume":"47","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768_b0340","article-title":"Impaired Meningeal Lymphatics and Glymphatic Pathway in Patients with White Matter Hyperintensity","volume":"11","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv Sci (weinh)"}],"container-title":["NeuroImage: Clinical"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213158225000385?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213158225000385?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T07:50:36Z","timestamp":1749023436000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213158225000385"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":68,"alternative-id":["S2213158225000385"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-1582"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-1582","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Spatial and signal features of white matter integrity and associations with clinical factors: A CARDIA brain MRI study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"NeuroImage: Clinical","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103768","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103768"}}