{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T10:19:09Z","timestamp":1760955549562,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,1]],"date-time":"2015-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1438387200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,1]],"date-time":"2015-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1438387200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","nmd-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuromuscular Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,5]],"date-time":"2015-05-05T12:50:10Z","timestamp":1430830210000},"page":"646-650","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Myasthenia gravis with presynaptic neurophysiological signs: Two case reports and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Paolo Emilio","family":"Alboini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Damato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raffaele","family":"Iorio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Luigetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amelia","family":"Evoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-10-46","article-title":"A systematic review of population based epidemiological studies in myasthenia gravis","volume":"10","author":"Carr","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1586\/eci.12.34","article-title":"Muscle autoantibodies in myasthenia gravis: beyond diagnosis?","volume":"8","author":"Meriggioli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"29","key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.32.0440","article-title":"Clinical Dutch-English Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) tumor association prediction score accurately predicts small-cell lung cancer in the LEMS","volume":"1","author":"Titulaer","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.54.5.452","article-title":"Immunological evidence for the co-existence of the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome and myasthenia gravis in two patients","volume":"54","author":"Newsom-Davis","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2012.8.3.235","article-title":"A patient with coexisting myasthenia gravis and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2004.12.013","article-title":"MG and LEMS overlap syndrome: case report with electrophysiological and immunological evidence","volume":"116","author":"Oh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"Suppl5","key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0040","first-page":"23S","article-title":"Serologic profile of myasthenia gravis and distinction from the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome","author":"Lennon","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.50.2.470","article-title":"Acetylcholine receptor antibodies in the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome","volume":"50","author":"Katz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1972.00490160013002","article-title":"Caffeine, calcium, and Eaton-Lambert syndrome","volume":"27","author":"Takamori","year":"1972","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.24.9.897","article-title":"Unusual myasthenic state in a teen-age boy","volume":"24","author":"Dahl","year":"1974","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1974.00490390065006","article-title":"The Eaton-Lambert syndrome in ocular myasthenia gravis","volume":"31","author":"Oh","year":"1974","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.25.1.80","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis with features of the myasthenic syndrome","volume":"25","author":"Schwartz","year":"1975","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.26.9.882","article-title":"Hyperthyroidism and myasthenia gravis with features of Eaton-Lambert syndrome","volume":"26","author":"Mori","year":"1976","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.26.10.944","article-title":"Guanidine and germine in Eaton-Lambert syndrome","volume":"26","author":"Cherington","year":"1976","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0080","first-page":"398","article-title":"Combined Eaton-Lambert syndrome and myasthenia gravis","volume":"28","author":"Fettel","year":"1978","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.31.10.1345","article-title":"Post-tetanic potentiation in a patient with myasthenia gravis","volume":"31","author":"Singer","year":"1981","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1986.00520090079023","article-title":"Malignant thymoma with dysautonomia and disordered neuromuscular transmission","volume":"43","author":"Tabbaa","year":"1986","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1987.tb51394.x","article-title":"The overlap between myasthenia gravis and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome","volume":"505","author":"Sanders","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.51.6.880","article-title":"A neuromuscular transmission disorder: combined myasthenia gravis and Lambert\u2013Eaton syndrome in one patient","volume":"51","author":"Taphoorn","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.52.5.684-a","article-title":"A neuromuscular transmission disorder: combined myasthenia gravis and Lambert\u2013Eaton syndrome in one patient","volume":"52","author":"Brenna","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(199912)22:12<1727::AID-MUS19>3.0.CO;2-K","article-title":"Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome with ophthalmoparesis and pseudoblepharospasm","volume":"22","author":"Kanzato","year":"1999","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0115","first-page":"531","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis with electrophysiological features of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: usefulness of serum autoantibodies assay and neuromuscular junction biopsy","volume":"39","author":"Matsumoto","year":"1999","journal-title":"Rinsho Shinkeigaku"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0120","first-page":"46","article-title":"Possible myasthenia and LEMS in the same patient: case report and review of the literature","volume":"23","author":"Patel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Afr J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1097\/01.nrl.0000250949.88356.22","article-title":"A diagnostic and management dilemma: combined paraneoplastic myasthenia gravis and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome presenting as acute respiratory failure","volume":"12","author":"Roohi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurologist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20735","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome in the same patient","volume":"36","author":"Sha","year":"2007","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2011.12.044","article-title":"MuSK myasthenia gravis and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome in the same patient","volume":"114","author":"Basta","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0140","first-page":"183","article-title":"A case of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome with possible myasthenia gravis","volume":"105","author":"Iqbal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ir Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2012.8.4.305","article-title":"A case of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome with small-cell lung cancer and transient increase in anti-acetylcholine-receptor-binding antibody titer","volume":"8","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.23868","article-title":"A patient diagnosed with MG at onset and LEMS 20 years later","volume":"48","author":"Kurt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.73.6.766","article-title":"Difference in distribution of muscle weakness between myasthenia gravis and the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome","volume":"73","author":"Wirtz","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(11)70245-9","article-title":"Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: from clinical characteristics to therapeutic strategies","volume":"10","author":"Titulaer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10477","article-title":"Oculobulbar involvement is typical with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome","volume":"53","author":"Burns","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000264798.56174.df","article-title":"Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome with pure ocular weakness","volume":"68","author":"Rudnicki","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0175","series-title":"Myasthenia gravis","first-page":"30","author":"Oosterhuis","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2012.08.013","article-title":"Electrodiagnosis of disorders of neuromuscular transmission","volume":"24","author":"Howard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20389","article-title":"Electrophysiological diagnostic criteria of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome","volume":"32","author":"Oh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2009.35","article-title":"Efficacy of 3,4-diaminopyridine and pyridostigmine in the treatment of Lambert\u2013Eaton myasthenic syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study","volume":"86","author":"Wirtz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"}],"container-title":["Neuromuscular Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0960896615001509?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0960896615001509?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T08:03:10Z","timestamp":1760774590000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0960896615001509"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0960896615001509"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-8966"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0960-8966"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Myasthenia gravis with presynaptic neurophysiological signs: Two case reports and literature review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuromuscular Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}