{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T10:24:20Z","timestamp":1791973460066,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]],"date-time":"2016-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477958400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]],"date-time":"2016-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477958400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","nmd-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuromuscular Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,2]],"date-time":"2016-09-02T03:25:03Z","timestamp":1472786703000},"page":"725-733","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Focal myositis: A review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"P.","family":"Devic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Gallay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Streichenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Petiot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197707)40:1<301::AID-CNCR2820400142>3.0.CO;2-N","article-title":"Focal myositis","volume":"40","author":"Heffner","year":"1977","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0015","first-page":"631","article-title":"Focal myositis: a review of 100 previously published cases and a report of 2 new cases","volume":"17","author":"Yanmaz Alnigenis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4598(200010)23:10<1569::AID-MUS14>3.0.CO;2-M","article-title":"Clinical and pathologic features of focal myositis","volume":"23","author":"Smith","year":"2000","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e31819e63fe","article-title":"Focal myositis: a clinicopathologic study of 115 cases of an intramuscular mass-like reactive process","volume":"33","author":"Auerbach","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-009-0664-3","article-title":"MR imaging findings of focal myositis: a pseudotumour that may mimic muscle neoplasm","volume":"38","author":"Gaeta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0035","series-title":"Polymyositis","first-page":"270","author":"Walton","year":"1958"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(63)90136-0","article-title":"Polymyositis","volume":"35","author":"Barwick","year":"1963","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2011.10.023","article-title":"Focal myositis \u2013 a neurogenic phenomenon?","volume":"22","author":"Lunde","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuromuscul Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0050","first-page":"1414","article-title":"Focal myositis: a localized form of polymyositis?","volume":"20","author":"Flaisler","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2004.07.020","article-title":"HLA typing in focal myositis","volume":"227","author":"Sekiguchi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2007.09.004","article-title":"Focal myositis of the calf following S1 radiculopathy","volume":"38","author":"Gross","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.1995.tb01448.x","article-title":"Focal myositis of the tongue \u2013 a pseudotumoral lesion","volume":"26","author":"Bamanikar","year":"1995","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0070","first-page":"174","article-title":"Focal myositis of esophagus: a distinct inflammatory pseudotumor mimicking esophageal malignancy","volume":"92","author":"Chiang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100141465","article-title":"Focal myositis of the sternocleidomastoid muscle","volume":"112","author":"Cain","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2007.09.042","article-title":"Dropped-head syndrome due to steroid responsive focal myositis: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"267","author":"Kastrup","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1177\/014556130808700807","article-title":"Focal inflammatory myositis of the paraspinal neck muscles","volume":"87","author":"Manickavasagam","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1981.00510070073013","article-title":"Polymyositis beginning as a focal process","volume":"38","author":"Heffner","year":"1981","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0095","first-page":"531","article-title":"Localized nodular myositis: a clinical pathological variant of polymyositis","volume":"46","author":"Cumming","year":"1977","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.10540","article-title":"Focal myositis associated with S-1 radiculopathy: report of two cases","volume":"29","author":"Streichenberger","year":"2004","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.08.1764","article-title":"MRI findings in inflammatory muscle diseases and their non inflammatory mimics","volume":"192","author":"Schulze","year":"2009","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.24649","article-title":"Focal myositis: sonographic findings","volume":"52","author":"Laurent","year":"2015","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20543","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil and tacrolimus: new therapeutic options in neuroimmunological diseases","volume":"34","author":"Schneider-Gold","year":"2006","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-011-2229-8","article-title":"Ultrasound-guided closed muscle biopsy: a useful tool for rheumatologists","volume":"33","author":"Nair","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1871","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38622","article-title":"Clinical images: focal myositis demonstrated on positron emission tomography","volume":"66","author":"Marie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Athritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0130","first-page":"259","article-title":"Unilateral muscle hypertrophy and focal myositis following S1 radiculopathy","volume":"13","author":"Prutki","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0135","first-page":"261","article-title":"Denervating changes in focal myositis, a benign inflammatory pseudotumor","volume":"104","author":"Heffner","year":"1980","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0140","first-page":"517","article-title":"Calf enlargement, S1 radiculopathy, and focal myositis","volume":"15","author":"Krendel","year":"1992","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(99)00200-2","article-title":"S-1 radiculopathy as a possible predisposing factor in focal myositis with unilateral hypertrophy of the calf muscles","volume":"170","author":"Gobbele","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1662","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66517-8","article-title":"A swollen calf","volume":"365","author":"Khan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2013-200870","article-title":"Unilateral calf hypertrophy and focal myositis induced by S1 radiculopathy: dramatic response to steroid treatment","author":"Hemmi","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2013-202442","article-title":"Ischaemia due to a vascular malformation causing focal myositis","author":"Alkhawajah","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/40.6.704","article-title":"Focal myositis due to Campylobacter infection","volume":"40","author":"Dawson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2697","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22007","article-title":"Lyme myositis","volume":"54","author":"Holmgren","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-010-0118-z","article-title":"Nonbacterial myositis","volume":"12","author":"Crum-Cianflone","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Infect Dis Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.61.8.751","article-title":"Necrotising myositis in Beh\u00e7et's disease: characteristic features on magnetic resonance imaging and a review of the literature","volume":"61","author":"Sarui","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780240412","article-title":"Localized myositis in Beh\u00e7et's disease","volume":"24","author":"Yazici","year":"1981","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780330317","article-title":"Pediatric onset of Beh\u00e7et's syndrome with myositis: case report and literature review illustrating unusual features","volume":"33","author":"Lang","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.23812","article-title":"Frequency and spectrum of myopathies in patients with psoriasis","volume":"48","author":"Liewluck","year":"2013","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.314.7083.805","article-title":"Grand round University Hospital of Wales. Focal myositis mimicking acute psoas abscess","volume":"314","author":"Lawson","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.12592","article-title":"SLE myopathy: a clinicopathological study","volume":"18","author":"Jakati","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-015-3133-5","article-title":"Focal myositis presenting as pseudothrombophlebitis of the arm","volume":"35","author":"Roverano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2007.08.109","article-title":"Statin-associated focal myositis","volume":"20","author":"Asbach","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2010.12.031","article-title":"Statin-induced focal myositis of the upper extremity. A report of two cases","volume":"77","author":"Wagner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0b013e31818866d8","article-title":"All-trans retinoic acid-induced focal myositis, synovitis, and mononeuritis","volume":"15","author":"Yu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.43.599","article-title":"Focal myositis in monozygotic twins","volume":"43","author":"Naggar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2009.03626.x","article-title":"Focal myositis of the tongue presenting as macroglossia","volume":"34","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-116-8-651","article-title":"Generalized myositis in Beh\u00e7et's disease: treatment with cyclosporine","volume":"116","author":"Lingenfelser","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(199907)22:7<883::AID-MUS11>3.0.CO;2-K","article-title":"Denervation enhances spontaneous inflammatory myopathy in SJL mice","volume":"22","author":"Kampman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.revmed.2005.08.002","article-title":"Intramuscular vascular malformations as a differential diagnosis of focal myositis","volume":"27","author":"Froissart","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rev Med Interne"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000213393.57322.c7","article-title":"Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor: comparison of clinicopathologic, histologic, and immunohistochemical features including ALK expression in atypical and aggressive cases","volume":"31","author":"Coffin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-003-0709-y","article-title":"The multiple faces of lymphoma of the musculoskeletal system","volume":"33","author":"Ruzek","year":"2004","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh706","article-title":"Focal myositis with fasciitis and vasculitis revealing chronic lymphocytic leukaemia","volume":"44","author":"Terrier","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/32.12.1101","article-title":"Idiopathic recurrent non-suppurative focal myositis: a report of two cases","volume":"32","author":"Naughton","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0275","first-page":"395","article-title":"Relapsing focal myositis: a case report","volume":"13","author":"Garcia-Consuegra","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(199709)20:9<1205::AID-MUS24>3.0.CO;2-Q","article-title":"Recurrent focal myositis","volume":"20","author":"Sieb","year":"1997","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.32098\/mltj.01.2015.10","article-title":"Focal myositis in paediatric age","volume":"5","author":"Gigante","year":"2015","journal-title":"Muscles Ligaments Tendons J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1097\/WNF.0000000000000019","article-title":"Focal myositis of lower extremity responsive to botulinum A toxin","volume":"37","author":"Mitrovic","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Neuropharmacol"}],"container-title":["Neuromuscular Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0960896616300980?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0960896616300980?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T08:04:27Z","timestamp":1760774667000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0960896616300980"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0960896616300980"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-8966"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-8966","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Focal myositis: A review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuromuscular Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.08.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}