{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T09:34:11Z","timestamp":1769765651944,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,1]],"date-time":"2016-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1472688000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["nmcd-journal.com","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,18]],"date-time":"2016-05-18T20:46:58Z","timestamp":1463604418000},"page":"815-823","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Educational status and differences in left ventricular mass and ejection fraction \u2013 The role of BMI and parameters related to the metabolic syndrome: A longitudinal analysis from the population-based CARLA cohort"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8920-2853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Medenwald","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Tiller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Nuding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.H.","family":"Greiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Kluttig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Frantz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Haerting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-110-2-101","article-title":"Left ventricular mass and incidence of coronary heart disease in an elderly cohort. The Framingham Heart Study","volume":"110","author":"Levy","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199005313222203","article-title":"Prognostic implications of echocardiographically determined left ventricular mass in the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"322","author":"Levy","year":"1990","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-11-289","article-title":"Association of childhood and adult socioeconomic indicators with cardiovascular risk factors and its modification by age: the CARLA study 2002\u20132006","volume":"11","author":"Schumann","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-7-255","article-title":"Neighbourhood socioeconomic status and cardiovascular risk factors: a multilevel analysis of nine cities in the Czech Republic and Germany","volume":"7","author":"Dragano","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2010.09.011","article-title":"Association between social isolation and left ventricular mass","volume":"124","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000118055.90533.88","article-title":"Relation between socioeconomic status, race\u2013ethnicity, and left ventricular mass: the Northern Manhattan study","volume":"43","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.21366","article-title":"Association between socioeconomic factors and changes of anthropometric markers \u2013 a meta-analytic approach from seven German cohort studies","volume":"24","author":"Herzog","year":"2016","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckr058","article-title":"Social inequalities in obesity and overweight in 11 OECD countries","volume":"23","author":"Devaux","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxm001","article-title":"Socioeconomic status and obesity","volume":"29","author":"McLaren","year":"2007","journal-title":"Epidemiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2261-5-33","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease, risk factors and heart rate variability in the elderly general population: design and objectives of the CARdiovascular disease, Living and Ageing in Halle (CARLA) study","volume":"5","author":"Greiser","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-009-9317-z","article-title":"Cardiovascular diseases, risk factors and short-term heart rate variability in an elderly general population: the CARLA study 2002\u20132006","volume":"24","author":"Greiser","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5402.177","article-title":"Human experimentation. Code of ethics of the World Medical Association. Declaration of Helsinki","volume":"2","author":"Rickham","year":"1964","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jev014","article-title":"Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging","volume":"16","author":"Lang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(76)90491-4","article-title":"Problems in echocardiographic volume determinations: echocardiographic\u2013angiographic correlations in the presence of absence of asynergy","volume":"37","author":"Teichholz","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib15","series-title":"International Standard Classification of Education: ISCED 1997","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e318225c2be","article-title":"DAGitty","volume":"22","author":"Textor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib17","series-title":"Advances in social science research using R","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1037\/a0020761","article-title":"A general approach to causal mediation analysis","volume":"15","author":"Imai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031034","article-title":"Mediation analysis allowing for exposure\u2013mediator interactions and causal interpretation: theoretical assumptions and implementation with SAS and SPSS macros","volume":"18","author":"Valeri","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/36.5.936","article-title":"A short questionnaire for the measurement of habitual physical activity in epidemiological studies","volume":"36","author":"Baecke","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1093\/pan\/mps040","article-title":"Identification and sensitivity analysis for multiple causal mechanisms: revisiting evidence from framing experiments","volume":"21","author":"Imai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Polit Anal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib22","series-title":"A language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(03)00229-1","article-title":"Prognostic implications of ejection fraction from linear echocardiographic dimensions: the strong heart study","volume":"146","author":"Devereux","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2007.12.031","article-title":"Echocardiographic parameters and all-cause mortality: the Rotterdam study","volume":"133","author":"Kardys","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1067\/mhj.2001.113223","article-title":"A population-based assessment of left ventricular systolic dysfunction in middle-aged and older adults: the Strong Heart Study","volume":"141","author":"Devereux","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am Heart J"}],"container-title":["Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0939475316300631?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0939475316300631?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,7]],"date-time":"2019-09-07T16:53:16Z","timestamp":1567875196000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0939475316300631"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0939475316300631"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0939-4753"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0939-4753","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Educational status and differences in left ventricular mass and ejection fraction \u2013 The role of BMI and parameters related to the metabolic syndrome: A longitudinal analysis from the population-based CARLA cohort","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 The Italian Society of Diabetology, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition, and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}