{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T20:09:50Z","timestamp":1762459790080,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007642","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007642","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","nmcd-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]],"date-time":"2019-09-09T11:21:06Z","timestamp":1568028066000},"page":"49-55","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Osteoprotegerin in diabetic osteopathy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Alessia","family":"Valentini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria A.","family":"Cianfarani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Federici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umberto","family":"Tarantino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8995-2582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aldo","family":"Bertoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.2337\/dci17-0005","article-title":"Diabetes and aging: unique considerations and goals of care","volume":"40","author":"Kalyani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(14)70176-7","article-title":"Diabetes in older people: new insights and remaining challenges","volume":"3","author":"Sinclair","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.115.306884","article-title":"Vascular complications of diabetes","volume":"118","author":"Beckman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2010.03.002","article-title":"The importance of glycemic control: how low should we go with HbA1c? Start early, go safe, go low","volume":"25","author":"Benhalima","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Diabet Complicat"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2016.09.010","article-title":"Diabetes and bone disease","volume":"46","author":"Schacter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-006-0253-4","article-title":"Discrepancies in bone mineral density and fracture risk in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes \u2013 a meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Vestergaard","year":"2007","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-017-4269-4","article-title":"Diabetes, bone and glucose-lowering agents: basic biology","volume":"60","author":"Lecka-Czernik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-015-0265-0","article-title":"Bone cells and bone turnover in diabetes mellitus","volume":"13","author":"Rubin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Osteoporos Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16001","DOI":"10.1038\/boneres.2016.1","article-title":"Assessment of bone turnover and bone quality in type 2 diabetic bone disease: current concepts and future directions","volume":"4","author":"Rubin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bone Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2015.02.019","article-title":"Biochemical bone turnover markers in diabetes mellitus \u2013 a systematic review","volume":"82","author":"Starup-Linde","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80209-3","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin: a novel secreted protein involved in the regulation of bone density","volume":"89","author":"Simonet","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2000.15.1.2","article-title":"The roles of osteoprotegerin and osteoprotegerin ligand in the paracrine regulation of bone resorption","volume":"15","author":"Hofbauer","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3478","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.141.9.7634","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin produced by osteoblasts is an important regulator in osteoclast development and function","volume":"141","author":"Udagawa","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2008.09.033","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin, vascular calcification and atherosclerosis","volume":"204","author":"Van Campenhout","year":"2009","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20659","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M010153200","article-title":"Receptor activator of NF-kappa B and osteoprotegerin expression by human microvascular endothelial cells, regulation by inflammatory cytokines, and role in human osteoclastogenesis","volume":"276","author":"Collin-Osdoby","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.20354","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is localized to the Weibel-Palade bodies of human vascular endothelial cells and is physically associated with von Willebrand factor","volume":"204","author":"Zannettino","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000149165.99974.12","article-title":"Regulation of vascular calcification by osteoclast regulatory factors RANKL and osteoprotegerin","volume":"95","author":"Collin-Osdoby","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2017.08.015","article-title":"The role of osteoprotegerin in the crosstalk between vessels and bone: its potential utility as a marker of cardiometabolic diseases","volume":"182","author":"Rochette","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S125934","article-title":"Low FT3: a possible marker of frailty in the elderly","volume":"12","author":"Bertoli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2318-10-57","article-title":"A frailty instrument for primary care: findings from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE)","volume":"10","author":"Romero-Ortuno","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1159\/000180580","article-title":"Prediction of creatinine clearance from serum creatinine","volume":"16","author":"Cockcroft","year":"1976","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-018-1187-y","article-title":"FRAX tool in type 2 diabetic subjects: the use of HbA1c in estimating fracture risk","author":"Valentini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.31989","article-title":"Carotid intima-media thickness for atherosclerosis","volume":"23","author":"Nezu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Atheroscler Thromb"},{"issue":"9696","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61460-4","article-title":"Ageing populations: the challenges ahead","volume":"374","author":"Christensen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2018.02.023","article-title":"IDF Diabetes Atlas: global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2017 and projections for 2045","volume":"138","author":"Cho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2650","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-1801","article-title":"Diabetes in older adults","volume":"35","author":"Kirkman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2017.11.007","article-title":"Management of diabetes in older adults","volume":"28","author":"Sesti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis"},{"issue":"9733","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60484-9","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus, fasting blood glucose concentration, and risk of vascular disease: a collaborative meta-analysis of 102 prospective studies","volume":"375","author":"Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.6.1615","article-title":"The pathobiology of diabetic complications: a unifying mechanism","volume":"54","author":"Brownlee","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.2174\/1573399812666151016101622","article-title":"Chronic complications of diabetes mellitus: a Mini review","volume":"13","author":"Lotfy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Diabetes Rev"},{"issue":"31","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2436","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht149","article-title":"Diabetes and vascular disease: pathophysiology, clinical consequences, and medical therapy: part I","volume":"34","author":"Paneni","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm106","article-title":"Systematic review of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus and risk of fracture","volume":"166","author":"Janghorbani","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2011.233","article-title":"Bone, sweet bone \u2013 osteoporotic fractures in diabetes mellitus","volume":"8","author":"Hamann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690783","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/690783","article-title":"The alliance of mesenchymal stem cells, bone, and diabetes","volume":"2014","author":"Napoli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2016.153","article-title":"Mechanisms of diabetes mellitus-induced bone fragility","volume":"13","author":"Napoli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(15)00283-1","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes and the skeleton: new insights into sweet bones","volume":"4","author":"Shanbhogue","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib37","first-page":"276","article-title":"Ages and bone ageing in diabetes mellitus","volume":"4","author":"McCarthy","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Diabetes Metab"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30134-1","article-title":"Bone disease in diabetes: another manifestation of microvascular disease?","volume":"5","author":"Shanbhogue","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-017-0341-8","article-title":"Is diabetic skeletal fragility associated with microvascular complications in bone?","volume":"15","author":"Fajardo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Osteoporos Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R137","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-16-0652","article-title":"Mechanisms IN endocrinology: diabetes mellitus, a state of low bone turnover - a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"176","author":"Hygum","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-014-2676-7","article-title":"Biochemical markers of bone turnover in diabetes patients--a meta-analysis, and a methodological study on the effects of glucose on bone markers","volume":"25","author":"Starup-Linde","year":"2014","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00006","article-title":"The impact of type 2 diabetes on bone fracture healing","volume":"9","author":"Marin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib43","first-page":"671","article-title":"Changes in serum levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6, OPG, RANKL and their correlation with radiographic and clinical assessment in fragility fractures and high energy fractures","volume":"26","author":"Giganti","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Biol Regul Homeost Agents"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2013.1335","article-title":"The role of the serum RANKL\/OPG ratio in the healing of intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2003","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-011-1611-4","article-title":"Bone fracture and bone fracture repair","volume":"22","author":"Fazzalari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.11.006","article-title":"Inflammation and type 2 diabetes","volume":"38","author":"Calle","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vph.2016.02.003","article-title":"Vascular calcification in type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: integrative roles for OPG, RANKL and TRAIL","volume":"82","author":"Harper","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vasc Pharmacol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2491","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.113.301755","article-title":"Bone marrow- or vessel wall-derived osteoprotegerin is sufficient to reduce atherosclerotic lesion size and vascular calcification","volume":"33","author":"Callegari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1177\/1479164112440815","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin, leptin and IL-6: association with silent myocardial ischemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"10","author":"Guzel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diab Vasc Dis Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.4.463","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin reverses osteoporosis by inhibiting endosteal osteoclasts and prevents vascular calcification by blocking a process resembling osteoclastogenesis","volume":"192","author":"Min","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000236428.91125.e6","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin inactivation accelerates advanced atherosclerotic lesion progression and calcification in older ApoE\u2013\/\u2013 mice","volume":"26","author":"Bennett","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"}],"container-title":["Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0939475319303382?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0939475319303382?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T16:10:24Z","timestamp":1760544624000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0939475319303382"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0939475319303382"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018","relation":{},"ISSN":["0939-4753"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0939-4753"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Osteoprotegerin in diabetic osteopathy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.018","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 The Italian Society of Diabetology, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition, and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}