{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T22:30:21Z","timestamp":1791498621612,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","nmcd-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]],"date-time":"2021-02-15T05:42:20Z","timestamp":1613367740000},"page":"1509-1515","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Serum creatinine to cystatin C ratio is associated with major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with obstructive coronary artery disease"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Ya-Wen","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Lin","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruey-Hsing","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chin-Sung","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Chin","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Po-Hsun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shing-Jong","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M911","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/58.10.M911","article-title":"Sarcopenia: causes, consequences, and preventions","volume":"58","author":"Marcell","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/86.5.1339","article-title":"Decreased muscle mass and increased central adiposity are independently related to mortality in older men","volume":"86","author":"Wannamethee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-0107","article-title":"Sarcopenic obesity: prevalence and association with metabolic syndrome in the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging (KLoSHA)","volume":"33","author":"Lim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00061.2017","article-title":"Sarcopenia: aging-related loss of muscle mass and function","volume":"99","author":"Larsson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib5","article-title":"Association of low muscle mass and combined low muscle mass and visceral obesity with low cardiorespiratory fitness","volume":"9","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2016.10.008","article-title":"Sarcopenia, obesity, and mortality in US adults with and without chronic kidney disease","volume":"2","author":"Androga","year":"2017","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2016.09.030","article-title":"Sarcopenia is a risk factor for cardiovascular events experienced by patients with critical limb ischemia","volume":"65","author":"Matsubara","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0176230","article-title":"Sarcopenia in patients with chronic kidney disease not yet on dialysis: analysis of the prevalence and associated factors","volume":"12","author":"Souza","year":"2017","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.02.006","article-title":"The Taiwan heart registries: its influence on cardiovascular patient care","volume":"71","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib10","first-page":"244","article-title":"2019 focused update of the guidelines of the Taiwan society of Cardiology for the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure","volume":"35","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Cardiol Sin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e139","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000757","article-title":"Heart disease and stroke statistics-2020 update: a report from the American heart association","volume":"141","author":"Virani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.116.307156","article-title":"Relationship between low relative muscle mass and coronary artery calcification in healthy adults","volume":"36","author":"Ko","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8050712","article-title":"Prognostic impact of low skeletal muscle mass on major adverse cardiovascular events in coronary artery disease: a propensity score-matched analysis of a single center all-comer cohort","volume":"8","author":"Kang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3340","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.102815","article-title":"Sarcopenia-related traits and coronary artery disease: a bi-directional Mendelian randomization study","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2018.03.064","article-title":"Non-invasive testing for sarcopenia predicts future cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"268","author":"Hanatani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69251-9","article-title":"Association of bodyweight with total mortality and with cardiovascular events in coronary artery disease: a systematic review of cohort studies","volume":"368","author":"Romero-Corral","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afq034","article-title":"Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: report of the European working group on sarcopenia in older people","volume":"39","author":"Cruz-Jentoft","year":"2010","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm7040070","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria and clinical outcomes in sarcopenia research: a literature review","volume":"7","author":"Han","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib19","article-title":"A new equation to estimate muscle mass from creatinine and cystatin C","volume":"11","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e23","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000002013","article-title":"Evaluating muscle mass by using markers of kidney function: development of the sarcopenia index","volume":"45","author":"Kashani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.1492","article-title":"Sarcopenia index is a simple objective screening tool for malnutrition in the critically ill","volume":"43","author":"Barreto","year":"2019","journal-title":"JPEN - J Parenter Enter Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2018.02.025","article-title":"Decreased the creatinine to cystatin C ratio is a surrogate marker of sarcopenia in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"139","author":"Osaka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib23","article-title":"Serum creatinine to cystatin C ratio predicts skeletal muscle mass and strength in patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease","author":"Lin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060515579116","article-title":"Utility of creatinine\/cystatin C ratio as a predictive marker for adverse effects of chemotherapy in lung cancer: a retrospective study","volume":"43","author":"Suzuki","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006","article-title":"A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate","volume":"150","author":"Levey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw128","volume":"37","author":"Ponikowski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12134","article-title":"Utility of cystatin C for renal function in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"128","author":"Tetsuka","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2668","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa293","article-title":"Obesity and weight loss are inversely related to mortality and cardiovascular outcome in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes: data from the ORIGIN trial","volume":"41","author":"Doehner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"}],"container-title":["Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0939475321000442?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0939475321000442?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T16:18:18Z","timestamp":1760545098000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0939475321000442"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0939475321000442"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024","relation":{},"ISSN":["0939-4753"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0939-4753","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Serum creatinine to cystatin C ratio is associated with major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with obstructive coronary artery disease","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.01.024","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}