{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:33:43Z","timestamp":1790357623422,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","nmcd-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T17:23:02Z","timestamp":1727716982000},"page":"103750","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Trends and disability-attributable risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Southeast Asia (1990\u20132019): An in-depth 30-year analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5450-4568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annisa Salsabilla Dwi","family":"Nugrahani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5353-8603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farizal Rizky","family":"Muharram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5899-1589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hermina","family":"Novida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9195-3709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julian Benedict","family":"Swannjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sony","family":"Wibisono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Citrawati Dyah Kencono","family":"Wungu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30925-9","article-title":"Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"396","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib2","series-title":"IDF diabetes atlas","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib3","article-title":"Introduction: standards of medical care in diabetes\u20142021","volume":"44","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2013.11.011","article-title":"Diabetes in south-east Asia: an update","volume":"103","author":"Ramachandran","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib5","series-title":"IDF diabetes atlas","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(23)00223-1","article-title":"Life expectancy associated with different ages at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in high-income countries: 23 million person-years of observation","volume":"11","author":"Kaptoge","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib7","article-title":"11. Microvascular complications and foot care: standards of medical care in diabetes\u20142021","volume":"44","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-015-0268-9","article-title":"The economic costs of type 2 diabetes: a global systematic review","volume":"33","author":"Seuring","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2017-000473","article-title":"Association between urbanisation and type 2 diabetes: an ecological study","volume":"2","author":"Gassasse","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Glob Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30752-2","article-title":"Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"396","author":"Murray","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.838027","article-title":"Prevalence, deaths and disability-adjusted-life-years (DALYs) due to type 2 diabetes and its attributable risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: results from the global burden of disease study 2019","volume":"13","author":"Safiri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30752-2","article-title":"Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"396","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib13","series-title":"Global burden of disease study 2019 (GBD 2019) socio-demographic index (SDI) 1950\u20132019","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.905367","article-title":"The global burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to tobacco: a secondary analysis from the global burden of disease study 2019","volume":"13","author":"Bai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib16","first-page":"1","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden and trend of diabetes in 195 countries and territories: an analysis from 1990 to 2025","volume":"10","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-020-00915-0","article-title":"Epidemiological trends of tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer at the global, regional, and national levels: a population-based study","volume":"13","author":"Deng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30388-9","article-title":"Guidelines for accurate and transparent health estimates reporting: the GATHER statement","volume":"388","author":"Stevens","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0269549","article-title":"Analysing the impact of modifiable risk factors on cardiovascular disease mortality in Brazil","volume":"17","author":"Gaspar","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4613","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15214613","article-title":"The global burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to dietary risks: insights from the global burden of disease study 2019","volume":"15","author":"Forray","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1192629","article-title":"The global, regional and national burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the past, present and future: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"14","author":"Ye","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30925-9","article-title":"Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"396","author":"Vos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0113547","article-title":"Urban environments and obesity in southeast Asia: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression","volume":"9","author":"Angkurawaranon","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2014.08.003","article-title":"Urbanization and non-communicable disease in Southeast Asia: a review of current evidence","volume":"128","author":"Angkurawaranon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Publ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuw064","article-title":"Relationship between shifts in food system dynamics and acceleration of the global nutrition transition","volume":"75","author":"Popkin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-019-01182-x","article-title":"Rural areas drive increases in global obesity","volume":"569","author":"Popkin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2366","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14122366","article-title":"Relationship between ultra-processed food consumption and risk of diabetes mellitus: a mini-review","volume":"14","author":"Almarshad","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.05.008","article-title":"Ultra-processed diets cause excess calorie intake and weight gain: an inpatient randomized controlled trial of ad libitum food intake","volume":"30","author":"Hall","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Metabol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyab247","article-title":"Ultra-processed food and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies","volume":"51","author":"Delpino","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib30","series-title":"Fires, fuel, and the fate of three billion : portraits of the energy impoverished","author":"Yadama","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.06.033","article-title":"Associations between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"252","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32345-0","article-title":"The Lancet Commission on pollution and health","volume":"391","author":"Landrigan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib33","series-title":"WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2023: protect people from tobacco smoke","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2654","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.22.2654","article-title":"Active smoking and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"298","author":"Willi","year":"2007","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-022-00903-6","article-title":"Cooking or heating with solid fuels increased the all-cause mortality risk among mid-aged and elderly People in China","volume":"21","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.2337\/dbi17-0012","article-title":"Ambient air pollution and type 2 diabetes: do the metabolic effects of air pollution start early in life?","volume":"66","author":"Park","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2021.112588","article-title":"Indoor solid fuel use and renal function among middle-aged and older adults: a national study in rural China","volume":"206","author":"Xue","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ancard.2023.101595","article-title":"Impact du tabagisme sur la pr\u00e9sence de la cardiomyopathie diab\u00e9tique","volume":"72","author":"Foudad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Cardiol Angeiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.158896","article-title":"Household air pollution, adherence to a healthy lifestyle, and risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity: results from the China health and retirement longitudinal study","volume":"855","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2021.109119","article-title":"IDF Diabetes Atlas: global, regional and country-level diabetes prevalence estimates for 2021 and projections for 2045","volume":"183","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S12","DOI":"10.4103\/ijph.IJPH_241_17","article-title":"Youth tobacco use in South-East Asia: implications for tobacco epidemic and options for its control in the region","volume":"61","author":"Rani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Publ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.016","article-title":"IDF Diabetes Atlas estimates of 2014 global health expenditures on diabetes","volume":"117","author":"da Rocha Fernandes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0026864","article-title":"Cost-of-illness analysis of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Iran","volume":"6","author":"Javanbakht","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17165723","article-title":"A systematic review of the economic burden of type 2 diabetes in Malaysia","volume":"17","author":"Ganasegeran","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Publ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.10.008","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis: is lifestyle modification effective for glycemic control among adults with type II diabetes in Southeast Asia?","volume":"122","author":"Htoo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1900\/RDS.2021.17.82","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of diabetes knowledge among type 2 diabetes patients in Southeast Asia","volume":"17","author":"Lim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev Diabet Stud"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1017\/S1463423616000335","article-title":"Effectiveness of a community-based diabetes self-management education (DSME) program in a rural agricultural setting","volume":"18","author":"Paz-Pacheco","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prim Health Care Res Dev"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib48","first-page":"S197","article-title":"The effectiveness of holistic diabetic management between Siriraj Continuity of Care clinic and medical out-patient department","volume":"97","author":"Chalermsri","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-7-33","article-title":"Treating 4,000 diabetic patients in Cambodia, a high-prevalence but resource-limited setting: a 5-year study","volume":"7","author":"Raguenaud","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib50","volume":"vol. 1","author":"Sari","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib51","first-page":"1","article-title":"War on Diabetes in Singapore: a policy analysis","volume":"19","author":"Ow Yong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health Res Pol Syst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-1795","article-title":"Gaps in guidelines for the management of diabetes in low- and middle-income versus high-income countries-A systematic review","volume":"41","author":"Owolabi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckz197","article-title":"Bringing the commercial determinants of health out of the shadows: a review of how the commercial determinants are represented in conceptual frameworks","volume":"30","author":"Maani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Publ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib54","first-page":"1002","article-title":"Overview of legislation and tobacco control in Singapore","volume":"4","author":"Tan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Tubercul Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.12.011","article-title":"Association between the price of ultra-processed foods and obesity in Brazil","volume":"30","author":"Passos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutr Metabol Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020_bib56","series-title":"Diabetes prevention program (DPP) - niddk","year":"2023"}],"container-title":["Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0939475324003697?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0939475324003697?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T22:10:42Z","timestamp":1734041442000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0939475324003697"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0939475324003697"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0939-4753"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0939-4753","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Trends and disability-attributable risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Southeast Asia (1990\u20132019): An in-depth 30-year analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103750"}}