{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T14:00:17Z","timestamp":1790085617856,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011104","name":"Fifth Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["QLK6-CT-2001-00360"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QLK6-CT-2001-00360"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011104","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01_AG052527-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01_AG052527-02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["S-A-UEI-23-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S-A-UEI-23-9"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN271201300071C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN271201300071C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01_AG056329-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01_AG056329-02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BSR12-04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BSR12-04"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01_AG063944"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01_AG063944"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01_AG09740-13S2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01_AG09740-13S2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IAG_BSR06-11"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IAG_BSR06-11"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OGHA_04-064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OGHA_04-064"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P01_AG08291"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01_AG08291"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P01_AG005842"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01_AG005842"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30_AG12815"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30_AG12815"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Y1-AG-4553-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y1-AG-4553-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21_AG025169"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21_AG025169"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004965","name":"Sixth Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RII-CT-2006-062193"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RII-CT-2006-062193"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004965","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004965","name":"Sixth Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CIT5-CT-2005-028857"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIT5-CT-2005-028857"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004965","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004965","name":"Sixth Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CIT4-CT-2006-028812"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIT4-CT-2006-028812"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004965","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01UW1801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01UW1801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01UW2202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01UW2202"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01UW1301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01UW1301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011102","name":"Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["283646"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["283646"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011102","name":"Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["227822"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["227822"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011102","name":"Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["261982"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["261982"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011102","name":"Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["211909"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["211909"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004504","name":"Research Council of Lithuania","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004504","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004189","name":"Max-Planck-Gesellschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004189","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101102412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101102412"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101052589"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101052589"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["823782"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["823782"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VS 2019\/0332"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VS 2019\/0332"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VS 2016\/0135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VS 2016\/0135"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["870628"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["870628"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VS 2015\/0195"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VS 2015\/0195"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["654221"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["654221"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VS 2018\/0285"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VS 2018\/0285"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101015924"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101015924"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["676536"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["676536"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VS 2020\/0313"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VS 2020\/0313"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","nmcd-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T08:09:33Z","timestamp":1770624573000},"page":"104613","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Seven-year changes in BMI and grip strength in older adults: Incidence of the obese\u2013weak phenotype and the protective role of physical activity"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5518-3479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafaela Cavalheiro","family":"do Esp\u00edrito Santo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9405-3052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raphael H.O.","family":"Araujo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7800-2212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geiziane","family":"Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9104-9042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cesar","family":"Agostinis-Sobrinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10481","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)00355-1","article-title":"Global, regional, and national prevalence of adult overweight and obesity, 1990\u20132021, with forecasts to 2050: a forecasting study for the global burden of disease study 2021","volume":"405","author":"Ng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib3","series-title":"Statistical office of the European Union. Ageing Europe: looking at the lives of older people in the EU : 2020 edition","year":"2020"},{"issue":"10513","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)01637-X","volume":"406","author":"Hay","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0113637","article-title":"Grip strength across the life course: normative data from twelve British studies","volume":"9","author":"Dodds","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2019.03.005","article-title":"Relationship between grip strength and global muscle strength in community-dwelling older people","volume":"82","author":"Porto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib7","first-page":"1","article-title":"Changes in the muscle strength in a cohort of community-dwelling older adults in Brazil over 6 years","author":"Hobus","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Aging Phys Act"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib8","article-title":"Longitudinal bidirectional dynamic association between handgrip strength and cognitive function in Chinese older adults: a cross-lag modeling study","volume":"140","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2020.104109","article-title":"Muscle strength is related to mental and physical quality of life in the oldest old","volume":"89","author":"Laudisio","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2011.252","article-title":"Prediction of risk of falling, physical disability, and frailty by rate of decline in grip strength: the women's health and aging study","volume":"171","author":"Xue","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2020.06.009","article-title":"Handgrip strength and health outcomes: umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of observational studies","volume":"10","author":"Soysal","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Sport Health Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-023-02455-2","article-title":"Dynapenic abdominal obesity and incident multimorbidity: findings from the English longitudinal study on ageing","volume":"35","author":"Veronese","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-21489-x","article-title":"Relationship between handgrip strength and timed up-and-go test on hospitalization costs in older adults: a population-based study","volume":"25","author":"Chua","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-023-10636-4","article-title":"Malnutrition, Dysphagia, Sarcopenia and weakness in the older population: a retrospective review to enlighten future directions for health system best practices","volume":"39","author":"Hernandez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.14.04160","article-title":"Association of handgrip strength with health care utilisation among older adults: a longitudinal study in China","volume":"14","author":"You","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Glob Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.06.039","article-title":"The role of dynapenia and obesity on cognitive function in older adults","volume":"63","author":"Ju","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Nutr ESPEN"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2024.1480284","article-title":"Association between dynapenic obesity phenotypes and physical performance in middle-age and older women living in community","volume":"11","author":"Arteaga-Pazmi\u00f1o","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib18","article-title":"Health outcomes and healthcare utilization among older adults based on weight status and muscle strength: insights from 27 European countries","volume":"137","author":"Esp\u00edrito","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glp159","article-title":"Dynapenic-obesity and physical function in older adults","volume":"65","author":"Bouchard","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afab093","article-title":"Dynapenia, abdominal obesity or both: which accelerates the gait speed decline most?","volume":"50","author":"De Oliveira M\u00e1ximo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-019-01318-z","article-title":"Dynapenic abdominal obesity and the incidence of falls in older women: a prospective study","volume":"32","author":"Gadelha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glad104","article-title":"Dynapenic abdominal obesity increases risk for falls among adults aged \u226550 years: a prospective analysis of the Irish longitudinal study on ageing","volume":"79","author":"Smith","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib23","article-title":"Increased cardiometabolic risk in dynapenic obesity: results from the study of workers' health (ESAT)","volume":"14","author":"Carvalho","year":"2024","journal-title":"Life Basel Switz"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-023-1975-0","article-title":"Dynapenic abdominal obesity and risk of heart disease among middle-aged and older adults: a prospective cohort study","volume":"27","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-017-0966-4","article-title":"Dynapenic abdominal obesity increases mortality risk among English and Brazilian older adults: a 10-Year Follow-Up of the ELSA and SABE studies","volume":"22","author":"da Silva Alexandre","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-018-0781-8","article-title":"Cross-sectional and longitudinal factors influencing physical activity of 65 to 75-year-olds: a pan European cohort study based on the survey of health, ageing and retirement in Europe (SHARE)","volume":"18","author":"L\u00fcbs","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2022.06.001","article-title":"Sedentary behavior, physical inactivity, abdominal obesity and obesity in adults and older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"50","author":"Silveira","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Nutr ESPEN"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101266","article-title":"The association of objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behavior with skeletal muscle strength and muscle power in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"67","author":"Ramsey","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib29","unstructured":"SHARE wave 5: Innovations & methodology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib30","unstructured":"Share wave 8 methodology: collecting cross-National survey data in times of COVID-19."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib31","series-title":"Survey participation in the eighth wave of the survey of health, ageing and retirement in Europe (SHARE)","author":"Bergmann","year":"2022"},{"issue":"i-xii","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib32","first-page":"1","article-title":"Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation","volume":"894","year":"2000","journal-title":"World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy169","article-title":"Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis","volume":"48","author":"Cruz-Jentoft","year":"2019","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib34","series-title":"International standard classification of education ISCED 1997","year":"2006"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-065425","article-title":"Trends in body mass index, overweight and obesity among adults in the USA, the NHANES from 2003 to 2018: a repeat cross-sectional survey","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-16310-6","article-title":"Trends of underweight, overweight, and obesity among older adults in China from 2008 to 2018: a national observational survey","volume":"23","author":"Jiesisibieke","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib37","article-title":"Trends in grip strength: age, period, and cohort effects on grip strength in older adults from Germany, Sweden, and Spain","volume":"9","author":"Beller","year":"2019","journal-title":"SSM - Popul Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-025-06390-x","article-title":"Five-year trajectories of gait speed and hand grip strength in older adults with cardiometabolic multimorbidity: a national retrospective cohort study","volume":"25","author":"Gore","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-025-03094-5","article-title":"Dynapenic abdominal obesity and the risk of cardiovascular diseases: findings from the China health and retirement longitudinal study","volume":"37","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib40","article-title":"Dynapenic abdominal obesity in older adults in Colombia: results from the SABE survey","volume":"65","author":"Estrada-Restrepo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Geriatr Nurs N Y N"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1177\/08982643231169315","article-title":"Dynapenic abdominal obesity, single and recurrent falls in older Brazilian adults: Elsi-Brazil results","volume":"36","author":"Coelho de Amorim","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Aging Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.3390\/obesities5030057","article-title":"A combination of insufficient physical activity and sedentary behavior associated with dynapenic abdominal obesity and dynapenic obesity in older adults: a cross-sectional analysis","volume":"5","author":"Santos","year":"2025","journal-title":"Obesities"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2022.06.001","article-title":"Sedentary behavior, physical inactivity, abdominal obesity and obesity in adults and older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"50","author":"Silveira","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Nutr ESPEN"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2040-4603.2012.tb00425.x","article-title":"Lack of exercise is a major cause of chronic diseases","volume":"2","author":"Booth","year":"2012","journal-title":"Compr Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3390\/endocrines6010010","article-title":"Nutrition and physical activity in musculoskeletal health","volume":"6","author":"Dominguez","year":"2025","journal-title":"Endocrines"}],"container-title":["Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S093947532600075X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S093947532600075X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T13:06:45Z","timestamp":1790082405000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S093947532600075X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S093947532600075X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613","relation":{},"ISSN":["0939-4753"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0939-4753","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Seven-year changes in BMI and grip strength in older adults: Incidence of the obese\u2013weak phenotype and the protective role of physical activity","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104613","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104613"}}