{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T21:10:22Z","timestamp":1788901822156,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100022397","name":"Govern de les Illes Balears","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SYNERGIA program SYN22\/04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SYNERGIA program SYN22\/04"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100022397","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100022397","name":"Govern de les Illes Balears","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FOLIUM program\\u201419\/01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FOLIUM program\\u201419\/01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100022397","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008975","name":"University of the Balearic Islands","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008975","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014180","name":"Government of Castile and Le\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014180","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Miguel Servet Program-MS19\/00201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Miguel Servet Program-MS19\/00201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI21\/01480"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI21\/01480"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Spain Ministry of Science Innovation and Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CNS2022-135110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNS2022-135110"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","nmcd-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T11:18:09Z","timestamp":1778757489000},"page":"104804","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Body composition, muscle strength and novel biomarkers in acute heart failure patients: a comprehensive frailty assessment"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Tamara","family":"Iturriaga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alvaro","family":"Margalejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Sal-de-Rell\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Aguilar-Iglesias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selene","family":"Baos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Saez-Maleta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Capo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Gonzalez-Freire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catalina","family":"Santiago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1451-1445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose-Angel","family":"Perez-Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.113.300268","article-title":"Epidemiology of heart failure","volume":"113","author":"Roger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1007\/s11897-014-0220-x","article-title":"Understanding the epidemic of heart failure: past, present, and future","volume":"11","author":"Dunlay","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Heart Fail Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3599","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab368","article-title":"2021 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure","volume":"42","author":"McDonagh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.15420\/cfr.2016:25:2","article-title":"Global public health burden of heart failure","volume":"3","author":"Savarese","year":"2017","journal-title":"Card Fail Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1611","article-title":"Heart failure association\/european society of cardiology position paper on frailty in patients with heart failure","volume":"21","author":"Vitale","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2023.03.015","article-title":"Fast systematic geriatric assessment in acute heart failure patients admitted in cardiology","volume":"60","author":"Aguilar-Iglesias","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.2302\/kjm.2015-0015-IR","article-title":"Cardiac senescence, heart failure, and frailty: a triangle in elderly people","volume":"65","author":"Shinmura","year":"2016","journal-title":"Keio J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2023.07.110","article-title":"Frailty is common in heart transplant candidates but is not associated with clinical events and is reversible after heart transplantation","volume":"205","author":"Ayesta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M85","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/49.2.M85","article-title":"A short physical performance battery assessing lower extremity function: association with self-reported disability and prediction of mortality and nursing home admission","volume":"49","author":"Guralnik","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Gerontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12020245","article-title":"Differences according to age in the diagnostic performance of cardiac biomarkers to predict frailty in patients with acute heart failure","volume":"12","author":"Aguilar-Iglesias","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12225","article-title":"Exercise and heart failure: an update","volume":"5","author":"Cattadori","year":"2018","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s41043-024-00500-y","article-title":"Hand grip strength as a proposed new vital sign of health: a narrative review of evidences","volume":"43","author":"Vaishya","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Health Popul Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.24063","article-title":"Handgrip strength and the prognosis of patients with heart failure: a meta-analysis","volume":"46","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.124297","article-title":"Skeletal muscle tissue in movement and health: positives and negatives","volume":"219","author":"Lindstedt","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-019-0593-9","article-title":"Growth differentiation factor 15 and early prognosis after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest","volume":"9","author":"Rueda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2018-1189","article-title":"Acute-phase dynamics and prognostic value of growth differentiation factor-15 in ST-elevation myocardial infarction","volume":"57","author":"Rueda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2018.3811","article-title":"Association of multiple biomarkers with risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality after acute coronary syndromes: a secondary analysis of the PLATO biomarker study","volume":"3","author":"Lindholm","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.04.091","article-title":"Prognostic utility of growth differentiation factor-15 in patients with chronic heart failure","volume":"50","author":"Kempf","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000202804.84885.d0","article-title":"GDF15\/MIC-1 functions as a protective and antihypertrophic factor released from the myocardium in association with SMAD protein activation","volume":"98","author":"Xu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000202805.73038.48","article-title":"The transforming growth factor-beta superfamily member growth-differentiation factor-15 protects the heart from ischemia\/reperfusion injury","volume":"98","author":"Kempf","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2016.11.008","article-title":"Serum klotho protein levels and their correlations with the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"31","author":"Nie","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Diabet Complicat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfaa100","article-title":"Klotho: a link between cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular mortality","volume":"13","author":"Lanzani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.2174\/1570161115666170310092202","article-title":"Klotho-FGF23, cardiovascular disease, and vascular calcification: black or white?","volume":"16","author":"Cianciolo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Vasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1097\/MNH.0b013e32835422ad","article-title":"Klotho in health and disease","volume":"21","author":"Kuro-o","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2022.11.010","article-title":"Association between serum klotho concentration and heart failure in adults, a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2007-2016","volume":"370","author":"Cai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-018-0078-3","article-title":"The klotho proteins in health and disease","volume":"15","author":"Kuro-O","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1007\/s10522-024-10165-z","article-title":"GDF-15 as a proxy for epigenetic aging: associations with biological age markers, and physical function","volume":"26","author":"Torrens-Mas","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biogerontology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2024.112488","article-title":"The association of circulating bioenergetic metabolites with healthy human aging","volume":"194","author":"Navas-Enamorado","year":"2024","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2021.100247","article-title":"The short physical performance battery and incident heart failure among older women: the OPACH study","volume":"8","author":"Bellettiere","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2010.06.110","article-title":"Establishment of sandwich ELISA for soluble alpha-Klotho measurement: age-dependent change of soluble alpha-Klotho levels in healthy subjects","volume":"398","author":"Yamazaki","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hft050","article-title":"EURObservational research programme: regional differences and 1-year follow-up results of the heart failure pilot survey (ESC-HF pilot)","volume":"15","author":"Maggioni","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-018-0064-2","article-title":"Inflammageing: chronic inflammation in ageing, cardiovascular disease, and frailty","volume":"15","author":"Ferrucci","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glab011","article-title":"Association of GDF15 with inflammation and physical function during aging and recovery after acute hospitalization: a longitudinal study of older patients and age-matched controls","volume":"76","author":"Tavenier","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.04.068","article-title":"Objective measures of the frailty syndrome (hand grip strength and gait speed) and cardiovascular mortality: a systematic review","volume":"215","author":"Chainani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2023.02.103","article-title":"Association between serum klotho and physical frailty in middle-aged and older adults: finding from the national health and nutrition examination survey","volume":"24","author":"Guan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13513","article-title":"GDF-15 is associated with sarcopenia and frailty in acutely admitted older medical patients","volume":"15","author":"Kamper","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2022.101766","article-title":"Aging-suppressor Klotho: prospects in diagnostics and therapeutics","volume":"82","author":"Abraham","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2013.206649","article-title":"Pathophysiological implications of fibroblast growth factor-23 and klotho and their potential role as clinical biomarkers","volume":"60","author":"Donate-Correa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.317348","article-title":"Klotho deficiency causes heart aging via impairing the Nrf2-GR pathway","volume":"128","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib40","article-title":"The prognostic value of serum \u03b1-klotho in age-related diseases among the US population: a prospective population-based cohort study","volume":"42","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Prev Med Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib41","first-page":"494","article-title":"GDF-15 as a biomarker in cardiovascular disease","volume":"116","author":"May","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arq Bras Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-019-0315-x","article-title":"Reappraising the role of inflammation in heart failure","volume":"17","author":"Adamo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-020-01725-5","article-title":"Physical functional performance and prognosis in patients with heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Fuentes-Abolafio","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"}],"container-title":["Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0939475326002668?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0939475326002668?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T20:31:58Z","timestamp":1788899518000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0939475326002668"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0939475326002668"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804","relation":{},"ISSN":["0939-4753"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0939-4753","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Body composition, muscle strength and novel biomarkers in acute heart failure patients: a comprehensive frailty assessment","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.numecd.2026.104804","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104804"}}