{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T17:27:02Z","timestamp":1773595622741,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["orthopedic.theclinics.com","mdconsult.com","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopedic Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,28]],"date-time":"2014-11-28T02:47:40Z","timestamp":1417142860000},"page":"89-103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Shoulder Instability with Concomitant Bone Loss in the Athlete"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Justin W.","family":"Griffin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen F.","family":"Brockmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199611000-00006","article-title":"Primary anterior dislocation of the shoulder in young patients. A ten-year prospective study","volume":"78","author":"Hovelius","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1750","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509334591","article-title":"Incidence of glenohumeral instability in collegiate athletics","volume":"37","author":"Owens","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.I.00851","article-title":"Pathoanatomy of first-time, traumatic, anterior glenohumeral subluxation events","volume":"92","author":"Owens","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csm.2008.06.003","article-title":"Treating the athlete with anterior shoulder instability","volume":"27","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2008.11.004","article-title":"Neer Award 2008: arthropathy after primary anterior shoulder dislocation\u2014223 shoulders prospectively followed up for twenty-five years","volume":"18","author":"Hovelius","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.F.00261","article-title":"Can the need for future surgery for acute traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation be predicted?","volume":"89","author":"Sachs","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465980260012301","article-title":"Glenoid rim lesions associated with recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder","volume":"26","author":"Bigliani","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1053\/jars.2000.17715","article-title":"Traumatic glenohumeral bone defects and their relationship to failure of arthroscopic Bankart repairs: significance of the inverted-pear glenoid and the humeral engaging Hill-Sachs lesion","volume":"16","author":"Burkhart","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5919(05)70294-5","article-title":"Arthroscopic versus open Bankart repair for traumatic anterior shoulder instability","volume":"19","author":"Cole","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200908000-00002","article-title":"Glenoid bone deficiency in recurrent anterior shoulder instability: diagnosis and management","volume":"17","author":"Piasecki","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200305000-00016","article-title":"Glenoid rim morphology in recurrent anterior glenohumeral instability","volume":"85","author":"Sugaya","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-20-04-242","article-title":"The Hill-Sachs lesion: diagnosis, classification, and management","volume":"20","author":"Provencher","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2010.02.007","article-title":"Arthroscopic management of anterior instability: pearls, pitfalls, and lessons learned","volume":"41","author":"Provencher","year":"2010","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1177\/0095399703258690","article-title":"An evaluation of the apprehension, relocation, and surprise tests for anterior shoulder instability","volume":"32","author":"Lo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465030310012201","article-title":"Capsular elongation in shoulders with recurrent anterior dislocation. Quantitative assessment with magnetic resonance arthrography","volume":"31","author":"Urayama","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505281798","article-title":"Anatomical glenoid reconstruction for recurrent anterior glenohumeral instability with glenoid deficiency using an autogenous tricortical iliac crest bone graft","volume":"34","author":"Warner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2006.12.012","article-title":"Contact between the glenoid and the humeral head in abduction, external rotation, and horizontal extension: a new concept of glenoid track","volume":"16","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.00252","article-title":"History of shoulder instability and subsequent injury during four years of follow-up: a survival analysis","volume":"95","author":"Cameron","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2353(1999)12:5<326::AID-CA3>3.0.CO;2-W","article-title":"CT imaging and three-dimensional reconstructions of shoulders with anterior glenohumeral instability","volume":"12","author":"Stevens","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.E.00817","article-title":"Risk factors for recurrence of shoulder instability after arthroscopic Bankart repair","volume":"88","author":"Boileau","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200001000-00005","article-title":"The effect of a glenoid defect on anteroinferior stability of the shoulder after Bankart repair: a cadaveric study","volume":"82","author":"Itoi","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2005.09.001","article-title":"The shape of the inferior part of the glenoid: a cadaveric study","volume":"15","author":"Huysmans","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2004.04.011","article-title":"Use of three-dimensional computed tomography for the analysis of the glenoid anatomy","volume":"14","author":"Kwon","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508316041","article-title":"Measurement of glenoid bone loss: a comparison of measurement error between 45 degrees and 0 degrees bone loss models and with different posterior arthroscopy portal locations","volume":"36","author":"Provencher","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2569","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512458247","article-title":"Quantifying glenoid bone loss in anterior shoulder instability: reliability and accuracy of 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional computed tomography measurement techniques","volume":"40","author":"Bois","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib26","first-page":"113","article-title":"Instability of the shoulder: complex problems and failed repairs: part II. Failed repairs","volume":"47","author":"Flatow","year":"1998","journal-title":"Instr Course Lect"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465030310050201","article-title":"Poly-L-lactic acid tack synovitis after arthroscopic stabilization of the shoulder","volume":"31","author":"Freehill","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546503262069","article-title":"Nonoperative management for in-season athletes with anterior shoulder instability","volume":"32","author":"Buss","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2012.05.885","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness analysis of primary arthroscopic stabilization versus nonoperative treatment for first-time anterior glenohumeral dislocations","volume":"28","author":"Crall","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2124","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.F.00654","article-title":"Immobilization in external rotation after shoulder dislocation reduces the risk of recurrence. A randomized controlled trial","volume":"89","author":"Itoi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504265188","article-title":"Open Bankart repair versus arthroscopic repair with transglenoid sutures or bioabsorbable tacks for recurrent anterior instability of the shoulder: a meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Freedman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.J.01983","article-title":"Arthroscopic Bankart repair and capsular shift for recurrent anterior shoulder instability: functional outcomes and identification of risk factors for recurrence","volume":"94","author":"Ahmed","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200008000-00007","article-title":"Comparison of arthroscopic and open anterior shoulder stabilization. A two to six-year follow-up study","volume":"82","author":"Cole","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512472880","article-title":"The \u201cbony Bankart bridge\u201d technique for restoration of anterior shoulder stability","volume":"41","author":"Millett","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505283267","article-title":"Anterior shoulder stabilization in collision athletes: arthroscopic versus open Bankart repair","volume":"34","author":"Rhee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504268037","article-title":"Arthroscopic anterior shoulder stabilization of collision and contact athletes","volume":"33","author":"Mazzocca","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2554","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-012-2296-5","article-title":"Neer modification of open Bankart procedure: what are the rates of recurrent instability, functional outcome, and arthritis?","volume":"470","author":"Boileau","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2010.02.004","article-title":"Arthroscopic Latarjet procedure","volume":"41","author":"Lafosse","year":"2010","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2010.07.011","article-title":"Arthroscopic Bankart-Bristow-Latarjet procedure: the development and early results of a safe and reproducible technique","volume":"26","author":"Boileau","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2007.08.009","article-title":"Results of modified Latarjet reconstruction in patients with anteroinferior instability and significant bone loss","volume":"23","author":"Burkhart","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e75","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.K.00380","article-title":"The Latarjet procedure for the treatment of recurrence of anterior instability of the shoulder after operative repair: a retrospective case series of forty-nine consecutive patients","volume":"94","author":"Schmid","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2004.02.013","article-title":"One hundred eighteen Bristow-Latarjet repairs for recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder prospectively followed for fifteen years: study I\u2014clinical results","volume":"13","author":"Hovelius","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505282618","article-title":"The modified Bristow procedure for anterior shoulder instability: 26-year outcomes in Naval Academy midshipmen","volume":"34","author":"Schroder","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.J.01830","article-title":"Short-term complications of the Latarjet procedure","volume":"94","author":"Shah","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/158.3.164","article-title":"Intraarticular autogenous bone grafting in recurrent shoulder dislocations","volume":"158","author":"Haaker","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2010.03.006","article-title":"Postsurgical glenohumeral anchor arthropathy treated with a fresh distal tibia allograft to the glenoid and a fresh allograft to the humeral head","volume":"19","author":"Provencher","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2008.10.017","article-title":"Anatomic osteochondral glenoid reconstruction for recurrent glenohumeral instability with glenoid deficiency using a distal tibia allograft","volume":"25","author":"Provencher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-012-2254-5","article-title":"Reconstruction of posterior glenoid deficiency using distal tibial osteoarticular allograft","volume":"21","author":"Millett","year":"2013","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2459","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509341576","article-title":"Hill-Sachs defects and repair using osteoarticular allograft transplantation: biomechanical analysis using a joint compression model","volume":"37","author":"Sekiya","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bte.0000137216.70574.ba","article-title":"Management of Anterior Glenohumeral Instability Associated with a Large Hill-Sachs Defect","volume":"5","author":"Miniaci","year":"2004","journal-title":"Techniques in Shoulder and Elbow Surgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.92B1.22142","article-title":"Treatment of locked chronic posterior dislocation of the shoulder by reconstruction of the defect in the humeral head with an allograft","volume":"92","author":"Diklic","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.07.017","article-title":"Moderate to large engaging Hill-Sachs defects: an in\u00a0vitro biomechanical comparison of the remplissage procedure, allograft humeral head reconstruction, and partial resurfacing arthroplasty","volume":"21","author":"Giles","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.K.00101","article-title":"Anatomical and functional results after arthroscopic Hill-Sachs remplissage","volume":"94","author":"Boileau","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2462","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512458572","article-title":"Remplissage repair\u2014new frontiers in the prevention of recurrent shoulder instability: a 2-year follow-up comparative study","volume":"40","author":"Franceschi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"}],"container-title":["Orthopedic Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0030589814001394?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0030589814001394?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,17]],"date-time":"2019-08-17T22:16:47Z","timestamp":1566080207000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0030589814001394"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0030589814001394"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-5898"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0030-5898","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Shoulder Instability with Concomitant Bone Loss in the Athlete","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Orthopedic Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ocl.2014.09.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}