{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T19:34:25Z","timestamp":1786995265371,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopedic Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T20:45:09Z","timestamp":1709066709000},"page":"1-12","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Comorbidities in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Faisal","family":"Akram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joyee","family":"Tseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Behery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brett R.","family":"Levine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.17.01617","article-title":"Projected Volume of Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty in the U.S., 2014 to 2030","volume":"100","author":"Sloan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Jt Surg Am Vol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200704000-00012","article-title":"Projections of primary and revision hip and knee arthroplasty in the United States from 2005 to 2030","volume":"89","author":"Kurtz","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-20-01038","article-title":"Comorbidity Burden Contributing to Racial Disparities in Outpatient Versus Inpatient Total Knee Arthroplasty","volume":"29","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.J.01958","article-title":"The dramatic increase in total knee replacement utilization rates in the United States cannot be fully explained by growth in population size and the obesity epidemic","volume":"94","author":"Losina","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e113","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.N.00072","article-title":"The Ethics of Patient Risk Modification Prior to Elective Joint Replacement Surgery","volume":"96","author":"Bronson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Jt Surg Am Vol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1086\/JCE2018291062","article-title":"The Ethics of Bundled Payments in Total Joint Replacement: \"Cherry Picking\" and \"Lemon Dropping\"","volume":"28","author":"Humbyrd","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Ethics"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2020.02.051","article-title":"Disparities in Hip Arthroplasty Outcomes: Results of a Statewide Hospital Registry From 2016 to 2018","volume":"35","author":"Weiner","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib8","article-title":"Medicaid Patients Have Greater Difficulty Scheduling Health Care Appointments Compared With Private Insurance Patients: A Meta-Analysis","volume":"56","author":"Hsiang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inquiry"},{"issue":"7S","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2019.01.020","article-title":"Perioperative Orthopedic Surgical Home: Optimizing Total Joint Arthroplasty Candidates and Preventing Readmission","volume":"34","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-018-1036-2","article-title":"Identification of high-risk groups for complication after arthroplasty: predictive value of patient's related risk factors","volume":"13","author":"Castano-Betancourt","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2020.01.083","article-title":"Preoperative risk factor optimization lowers hospital length of stay and postoperative emergency department visits in primary total hip and knee arthroplasty patients","volume":"35","author":"Dlott","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2440","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1909301","article-title":"Projected U.S. State-Level Prevalence of Adult Obesity and\u00a0Severe Obesity","volume":"381","author":"Ward","year":"2019","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib13","series-title":"National center for health statistics (NCHS). National health and nutrition examination survey data","year":"2021"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-15-00684","article-title":"Morbid Obesity and Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Growing Problem","volume":"25","author":"Martin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.M.00819","article-title":"The effect of obesity on direct medical costs in total knee arthroplasty","volume":"96","author":"Kremers","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Jt Surg Am Vol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2091","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2016.02.062","article-title":"Risk and Cost of 90-Day Complications in Morbidly and Superobese Patients After Total Knee Arthroplasty","volume":"31","author":"Meller","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.95B1.29835","article-title":"Predicting the cost-effectiveness of total hip and knee replacement: a health economic analysis","volume":"95-B","author":"Jenkins","year":"2013","journal-title":"The bone & joint journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.09.038","article-title":"Association Between Body Mass Index and Thirty-Day Complications After Total Knee Arthroplasty","volume":"33","author":"George","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"7S","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2019.02.005","article-title":"The Effect of Body Mass Index on 30-day Complications After Revision Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty","volume":"34","author":"Roth","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2015.10.042","article-title":"Body Mass Index More Than 45 kg\/m(2) as a Cutoff Point Is Associated With Dramatically Increased Postoperative Complications in Total Knee Arthroplasty and Total Hip Arthroplasty","volume":"31","author":"Adhikary","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-014-3668-9","article-title":"The John Insall Award: Morbid obesity independently impacts complications, mortality, and resource use after TKA","volume":"473","author":"D'Apuzzo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"11 Suppl A","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.94B11.30619","article-title":"The influence of obesity on total joint arthroplasty","volume":"94","author":"Vasarhelyi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg. British volume"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shaw J. A. (2018). Surgical Decision-Making: The Province of the Patient or the Surgeon?: Commentary on an article by Nicholas J. Giori, et\u00a0al.: \"Risk reduction compared with access to care: quantifying the trade-off of enforcing a body mass index eligibility criterion for joint replacement\". J Bone Jt Surg Am Vol, 100(7), e45.","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.17.01175"},{"issue":"7S","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2020.08.060","article-title":"The Potential Effects of Imposing a Body Mass Index Threshold on Patient-Reported Outcomes After Total Knee Arthroplasty","volume":"36","author":"Roth","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2019.08.019","article-title":"Total Joint Arthroplasty in the Morbidly Obese: How Body Mass Index \u226540 Influences Patient Retention, Treatment Decisions, and Treatment Outcomes","volume":"35","author":"Foreman","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0000000000000613","article-title":"Racial Variation in Total Knee Replacement in a Diverse Nationwide Clinical Trial","volume":"24","author":"MacFarlane","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2014.12.016","article-title":"Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty in Super-obese Patients: Dramatically Higher Postoperative Complication Rates Even Compared to Revision Surgery","volume":"30","author":"Werner","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2013.02.011","article-title":"Obesity and total joint arthroplasty: a literature based review","volume":"28","author":"Workgroup of the American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons Evidence Based Committee","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2018.02.002","article-title":"Obesity: The Modifiable Risk Factor in Total Joint Arthroplasty","volume":"49","author":"Bookman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Orthop Clin N Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.2174\/1389200219666181026160242","article-title":"Iron and Vitamin D\/Calcium Deficiency after Gastric Bypass: Mechanisms Involved and Strategies to Improve Oral Supplement Disposition","volume":"20","author":"Mangan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Drug Metabol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-015-1844-y","article-title":"Malnutrition in Bariatric Surgery Candidates: Multiple Micronutrient Deficiencies Prior to Surgery","volume":"26","author":"Peterson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2021.02.078","article-title":"Surgeon Decision-Making for Individuals With Obesity When Indicating Total Joint Arthroplasty","volume":"36","author":"Sherman","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.M.00018","article-title":"Thirty-day postoperative complications and mortality following total knee arthroplasty: incidence and risk factors among a national sample of 15,321 patients","volume":"96","author":"Belmont","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Jt Surg Am Vol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2011.04.017","article-title":"Postoperative complication rates in the \"super-obese\" hip and knee arthroplasty population","volume":"27","author":"Schwarzkopf","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.J.01935","article-title":"Obesity, diabetes, and preoperative hyperglycemia as predictors of periprosthetic joint infection: a single-center analysis of 7181 primary hip and knee replacements for osteoarthritis","volume":"94","author":"J\u00e4msen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib36","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease impact on total joint arthroplasty outcomes: A National Inpatient Sample-based study","volume":"28","author":"DiMagno","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib37","first-page":"99","article-title":"Effect of Malnutrition and Morbid Obesity on Complication Rates Following Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty","volume":"25","author":"Courtney","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Surg Orthop Adv"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2014.05.019","article-title":"The impact of body mass index on patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) and complications following primary hip arthroplasty","volume":"29","author":"Jameson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.16.00960","article-title":"Functional Gain and Pain Relief After Total Joint Replacement According to Obesity Status","volume":"99","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Jt Surg Am Vol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-2415","article-title":"Benefits of modest weight loss in improving cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese individuals with type 2 diabetes","volume":"34","author":"Wing","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1888","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.18.00020","article-title":"Strategies for Weight Reduction Prior to Total Joint Arthroplasty","volume":"100","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Jt Surg Am Vol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e316","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20200521-08","article-title":"Nutritional Counseling Program for Morbidly Obese Patients Enables Weight Optimization for Safe Total Joint Arthroplasty","volume":"43","author":"Lingamfelter","year":"2020","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S211","DOI":"10.2337\/dc21-S015","article-title":"Statistics about Diabetes, Diabetes care in the hospital: Standards of medical care in diabetes-2021","volume":"44","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20067","article-title":"Characterization of individual radiographic features of hip osteoarthritis in African American and White women and men: the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project","volume":"62","author":"Nelson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2107","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-203494","article-title":"Racial disparities in knee and hip total joint arthroplasty: an 18-year analysis of national Medicare data","volume":"73","author":"Singh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439e43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2014.10.009","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia, hemoglobin A1C and the risk of prosthetic joint infections in total hip and knee arthroplasty","volume":"30","author":"Maradit Kremers","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2016.02.084","article-title":"Modifying Risk Factors: Strategies That Work Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"31","author":"Stryker","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.01631","article-title":"Many diabetic total joint arthroplasty candidates are unable to achieve a preoperative hemoglobin A1c goal of 7% or less","volume":"96","author":"Giori","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Jt Surg Am Vol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib49","article-title":"Elevated postoperative blood glucose and preoperative hemoglobin A1C are associated with increased wound complications following total joint arthroplasty","volume":"95","author":"Stryker","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg. American volume"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.17.00798","article-title":"Increased postoperative glucose variability is associated with adverse outcomes following total joint arthroplasty","volume":"100-A","author":"Shohat","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg [Am]"},{"issue":"2S","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2018.09.052","article-title":"General assembly, prevention, host risk mitigation - general factors: proceedings of international consensus on orthopedic infections","volume":"34","author":"Jiranek","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2018.02.020","article-title":"Inadequate glycemic control is associated with increased surgical site infection in total joint arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"33","author":"Shohat","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"7_Supple_C","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.101B7.BJJ-2018-1418.R1","article-title":"John Insall Award: Fructosamine is a better glycaemic marker compared with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) in predicting adverse outcomes following total knee arthroplasty: a prospective multicentre study","volume":"101-B","author":"Shohat","year":"2019","journal-title":"The bone & joint journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-017-5333-6","article-title":"What is the long-term economic societal effect of periprosthetic infections after THA? A Markov analysis","volume":"475","author":"Parisi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007e13","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.15.00599","article-title":"Medicare reimbursement for total joint arthroplasty: the driving forces","volume":"98","author":"Padegimas","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-20-00944","article-title":"Preoperative hemoglobin A1c\u00a0>7.5 is associated with increased bundled payment costs in total hip and knee arthroplasties","volume":"29","author":"Kavin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2016.06.025","article-title":"The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and routine hemoglobin A1c screening in elective total joint arthroplasty patients","volume":"32","author":"Capozzi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2014.03.009","article-title":"International consensus group on periprosthetic joint infection. Definition of periprosthetic joint infection","volume":"29","author":"Parvizi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"9S","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.04.065","article-title":"Determining the threshold for HbA1c as a predictor for adverse outcomes after total joint arthroplasty: a multicenter, retrospective study","volume":"32","author":"Tarabichi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"9S","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.01.022","article-title":"Is there a threshold value of hemoglobin a1c that predicts risk of infection following primary total hip arthroplasty?","volume":"32","author":"Cancienne","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481e7","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.00109","article-title":"Surgical outcomes of total knee replacement according to diabetes status and glycemic control, 2001 to 2009","volume":"95","author":"Adams","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92e8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2008.05.012","article-title":"The impact of diabetes on perioperative patient outcomes after total hip and total knee arthroplasty in the United States","volume":"23","author":"Bolognesi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2760","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2020.05.004","article-title":"Perioperative evaluation and management of endocrine disorders","volume":"95","author":"Himes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2018.02.078","article-title":"The 2018 definition of periprosthetic hip and knee infection: an evidence-based and validated criteria","volume":"33","author":"Parvizi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.24293","article-title":"2018 International consensus meeting on musculoskeletal infection: research priorities from the general assembly questions","volume":"37","author":"Schwarz","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7111a1","article-title":"Tobacco product use among adults - United States, 2020","volume":"71","author":"Cornelius","year":"2022","journal-title":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.N.01016","article-title":"The effect of smoking on short-term complications following total hip and knee arthroplasty","volume":"97","author":"Duchman","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Jt Surg Am Vol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.07.037","article-title":"The effect of smoking on thirty-day postoperative complications after total joint arthroplasty: a propensity score-matched analysis","volume":"33","author":"Sahota","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0150866","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0150866","article-title":"Patient-related risk factors for periprosthetic joint infection after total joint arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Kunutsor","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2018.09.089","article-title":"Tobacco use and risk of wound complications and periprosthetic joint infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis of primary total joint arthroplasty procedures","volume":"34","author":"Bedard","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib71","first-page":"406","article-title":"Smoking dependent alterations in bone formation and inflammation represent major risk factors for complications following total joint arthroplasty","volume":"8","author":"Ehnert","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2011.06202.x","article-title":"Socioeconomic status and smoking: a review","volume":"1248","author":"Hiscock","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"44","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6544a2","article-title":"Current cigarette smoking among adults\u2014United States, 2005\u20132015","volume":"65","author":"Jamal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"7S","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2019.01.073","article-title":"Smoking cessation before and after total joint arthroplasty-an uphill battle","volume":"34","author":"Hart","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181889d0d","article-title":"Effects of a perioperative smoking cessation intervention on postoperative complications: a randomized trial","volume":"248","author":"Lindstr\u00f6m","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-011-9652-x","article-title":"Short-term preoperative smoking cessation and postoperative complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"59","author":"Wong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib78","first-page":"390","article-title":"Smoking cessation correlates with a decrease in infection rates following total joint arthroplasty","volume":"21","author":"Herrero","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2018.09.084","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of preoperative smoking cessation interventions in total joint arthroplasty","volume":"34","author":"Boylan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"7S","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2018.11.039","article-title":"Cotinine testing improves smoking cessation before total joint arthroplasty","volume":"34","author":"Hart","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003_bib81","first-page":"CD002294","article-title":"Interventions for preoperative smoking cessation","author":"Thomsen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"}],"container-title":["Orthopedic Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0030589824000324?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0030589824000324?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:33:14Z","timestamp":1762216394000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0030589824000324"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0030589824000324"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-5898"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0030-5898","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Comorbidities in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Orthopedic Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ocl.2024.01.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}