{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,14]],"date-time":"2026-06-14T06:07:38Z","timestamp":1781417258525,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,1]],"date-time":"2006-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1164931200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,10]],"date-time":"2007-01-10T15:08:25Z","timestamp":1168441705000},"page":"565-577","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Dyspareunia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Colin","family":"MacNeill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-6-177","article-title":"WHO systematic review of prevalence of chronic pelvic pain: a neglected reproductive health morbidity","volume":"6","author":"Latthe","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2006.00241.x","article-title":"What can prevalence studies tell us about female sexual difficulty and dysfunction?","volume":"3","author":"Hayes","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-005-0998-4","article-title":"Should dyspareunia be retained as a sexual dysfunction in DSM-V? A painful classification decision","volume":"34","author":"Binik","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib4","first-page":"301","article-title":"Women's sexual pain and its management","volume":"2","author":"Weijmar Schultz","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Sex Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(01)01389-8","article-title":"Vulvar vestibulitis syndrome: reliability of diagnosis and evaluation of current diagnostic criteria","volume":"98","author":"Bergeron","year":"2001","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1080\/01674820500165935","article-title":"Vulvar vestibulitis syndrome: an important factor in the evaluation of lifelong vaginismus?","volume":"26","author":"Ter Kuile","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2004.10105.x","article-title":"Summary of the recommendations on sexual dysfunctions in women","volume":"1","author":"Basson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(02)03331-9","article-title":"Relation between pain symptoms and the anatomic location of deep infiltrating endometriosis","volume":"78","author":"Fauconnier","year":"2002","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2006.02.002","article-title":"Histopathologic findings on uterosacral ligaments in women with chronic pelvic pain and visually normal pelvis at laparoscopy","volume":"13","author":"Nascu","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/S1726-4901(09)70187-X","article-title":"Treatment of primary deep dyspareunia with laparoscopic uterosacral nerve ablation procedure: a pilot study","volume":"69","author":"Juang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Chin Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000143827.17061.7b","article-title":"Vaginal apex resection: a treatment option for vaginal apex pain","volume":"104","author":"Lamvu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.116748","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of chronic lower genital tract discomfort","volume":"185","author":"Harlow","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(01)00352-9","article-title":"Psychophysical evidence of nociceptor sensitization in vulvar vestibulitis syndrome","volume":"94","author":"Bohm-Starke","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1159\/000010045","article-title":"Increased intraepithelial innervation in women with vulvar vestibulitis syndrome","volume":"46","author":"Bohm-Starke","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1159\/000010198","article-title":"Neurochemical characterization of the vestibular nerves in women with vulvar vestibulitis syndrome","volume":"48","author":"Bohm-Starke","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-000-0057-1","article-title":"Vulvar vestibulitis syndrome: a post-infectious entity?","volume":"2","author":"Nyirjesy","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr Infect Dis Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib17","first-page":"63","article-title":"Clinical resistance of recurrent Candida albicans vulvovaginitis to fluconazole in the presence and absence of in vitro resistance","volume":"48","author":"MacNeill","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1159\/000079663","article-title":"Hyperinnervation and mast cell activation may be used as histopathologic diagnostic criteria for vulvar vestibulitis","volume":"58","author":"Bornstein","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-2115(96)02502-X","article-title":"Vulvar vestibulitis subjects undergoing surgical intervention: a description analysis and histopathologic correlates","volume":"68","author":"Chaim","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1159\/000292536","article-title":"Detection of anti-Candida albicans IgE antibodies in vaginal washes from patients with acute vulvovaginal candidiasis","volume":"37","author":"Regulez","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.77.1.53","article-title":"Cromolyn cream for recalcitrant idiopathic vulvar vestibulitis: results of a placebo controlled study","volume":"77","author":"Nyirjesy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib22","first-page":"3","article-title":"Chronic vulvar and other gynecologic pain: prevalence and characteristics in a self-reported survey","volume":"51","author":"Bachmann","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-005-9001-7","article-title":"Sexual arousal in women with superficial dyspareunia","volume":"35","author":"Brauer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(98)80136-1","article-title":"Biopsychosocial profile of women with dyspareunia","volume":"90","author":"Meana","year":"1997","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/B:ASEB.0000007458.32852.c8","article-title":"Vaginal spasm, pain, and behavior: an empirical investigation of the diagnosis of vaginismus","volume":"33","author":"Reissing","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1080\/713847095","article-title":"Etiological correlates of vaginismus: sexual and physical abuse, sexual knowledge, sexual self-schema, and relationship adjustment","volume":"29","author":"Reissing","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Sex Marital Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/S0151-9638(06)70836-5","article-title":"Dyspareunia and Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome","volume":"133","author":"Sellier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1997.tb12060.x","article-title":"Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome in women presenting with chronic dyspareunia","volume":"104","author":"Mulherin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(99)70433-3","article-title":"The infrequent use of office-based diagnostic tests for vaginitis","volume":"181","author":"Wiesenfeld","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-005-0048-3","article-title":"Advances in diagnosing vaginitis: development of a new algorithm","volume":"7","author":"Nyirjesy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Infect Dis Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-3804(05)60417-3","article-title":"Combined laparoscopic uterosacral and round ligament procedures for treatment of symptomatic uterine retroversion and mild uterine descensus","volume":"9","author":"Yen","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib32","first-page":"417","article-title":"Carter-Thomason uterine suspension and positioning by ligament investment, fixation and truncation","volume":"44","author":"Carter","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(91)91444-2","article-title":"Vulvar vestibulitis: prevalence and historic features in a general gynecologic practice population","volume":"164","author":"Goetsch","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(00)00449-8","article-title":"A randomized comparison of group cognitive\u2013behavioral therapy, surface electromyographic biofeedback, and vestibulectomy in the treatment of dyspareunia resulting from vulvar vestibulitis","volume":"91","author":"Bergeron","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1097\/00128360-200501000-00009","article-title":"The vulvodynia guideline","volume":"9","author":"Haefner","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(96)70200-4","article-title":"Simplified surgical revision of the vulvar vestibule for vulvar vestibulitis","volume":"174","author":"Goetsch","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib37","article-title":"Cognitive-behavioral therapy for women with lifelong vaginismus: process and prognostic factors","author":"Ter Kuile","year":"2006","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2005.01.025","article-title":"Efficacy of functional electrical stimulation-biofeedback with sexual cognitive-behavioral therapy as treatment of vaginismus","volume":"66","author":"Seo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Urology"}],"container-title":["Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889854506000751?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889854506000751?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,10]],"date-time":"2019-01-10T02:50:47Z","timestamp":1547088647000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0889854506000751"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0889854506000751"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ogc.2006.09.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0889-8545"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0889-8545","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]}}}