{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:22:19Z","timestamp":1788481339098,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,1]],"date-time":"2012-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1338508800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,26]],"date-time":"2012-05-26T14:45:50Z","timestamp":1338043550000},"page":"213-231","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Vulvar and Vaginal Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Jori S.","family":"Carter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Levi S.","family":"Downs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib1","series-title":"SEER survival monographs: cancer survival among adults: U.S. SEER Program, 1988 [NIH Pub. No. 07-6215]","first-page":"147","article-title":"Cancer of the vulva","author":"Kosary","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000210268.57527.a1","article-title":"Trends in the incidence of invasive and in situ vulvar carcinoma","volume":"107","author":"Judson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib4","series-title":"Pathology of the vulva and vagina: contemporary issues in surgical pathology, vol. 9","first-page":"119","article-title":"Carcinoma of the vulva, urethra, and Bartholin's gland","author":"Zaino","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib5","first-page":"918","article-title":"Analysis of invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia for the presence of human papillomavirus DNA","volume":"77","author":"Rusk","year":"1991","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2061","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-09-0209","article-title":"The etiologic role of HPV in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma fine tuned","volume":"18","author":"van de Nieuwenhof","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/0029-7844(95)00351-7","article-title":"Heterogeneous etiology of squamous carcinoma of the vulva","volume":"87","author":"Trimble","year":"1996","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.01.014","article-title":"Vulvar cancer in young women: demographic features and outcome evaluation","volume":"200","author":"Lanneau","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S1071-5576(99)00023-4","article-title":"Genetic changes during the multistage pathogenesis of human papillomavirus positive and negative vulvar carcinomas","volume":"6","author":"Flowers","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Soc Gynecol Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib10","first-page":"122","article-title":"New nomenclature for vulvar disease: report of the committee on terminology, ISSVD","volume":"47","author":"Freidrich","year":"1976","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/0046-8177(89)90019-1","article-title":"New nomenclature for vulvar disease: International Society for the Study of Vulvar Disease","volume":"20","author":"Ridley","year":"1989","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib12","first-page":"46","article-title":"Report of a new ISSVD classification of VIN","volume":"11","author":"Heler","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(92)91623-I","article-title":"In situ and invasive vulvar cancer incidence trends (1973 to 1987)","volume":"166","author":"Sturgeon","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib14","series-title":"Blaustein's pathology of the female genital tract","first-page":"99","article-title":"Premalignant and malignant tumors of the vulva","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2007.06.003","article-title":"Topical imiquimod can reverse intraepithelial neoplasia: a randomised, double-blind study","volume":"107","author":"Mathiesen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa072685","article-title":"Treatment with vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia with topical imiquimod","volume":"358","author":"van Seters","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1097\/00006254-198504000-00002","article-title":"A review of lower genital intraepithelial neoplasia and the use of topical 5-fluorouracil","volume":"40","author":"Sillman","year":"1985","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Surv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib18","first-page":"913","article-title":"CO2 laser surgery for vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: excisional, destructive and combined techniques","volume":"47","author":"Penna","year":"2002","journal-title":"Reprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib19","series-title":"Pathology of the vulva and vagina","first-page":"11","article-title":"Vulvar dystrophies and noninfectious inflammatory conditions","author":"Pincus","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1998.02164.x","article-title":"Vulval lichen planus","volume":"138","author":"Lewis","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib21","series-title":"Blaustein's pathology of the female genital tract","first-page":"37","article-title":"Benign diseases of the vulva","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-199134030-00017","article-title":"Erosive lichen planus of the vulva","volume":"34","author":"Kennedy","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(99)70143-2","article-title":"Paget's disease of the vulva: prevalence of associated vulvar adenocarcinoma, invasive Paget's disease, and recurrence after surgical excision","volume":"180","author":"Fanning","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1999.5638","article-title":"Carcinoma of the vulva stage IA: long term results","volume":"76","author":"Magrina","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib25","first-page":"766","article-title":"Analyzing prior clinical events at presentation in 102 women with vulvar carcinoma","volume":"44","author":"Jones","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib26","first-page":"287","article-title":"New gynecologic cancer staging","volume":"75","author":"Creasman","year":"1990","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1996.tb09764.x","article-title":"Cervical and vulva cancer: changes in FIGO definitions of staging","volume":"103","author":"Shepherd","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2009.02.012","article-title":"Revised FIGO staging for carcinoma of the vulva, cervix, and endometrium","volume":"105","author":"Pecorelli","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib29","first-page":"63","article-title":"Carcinoma of the vulva: analysis of treatment and survival","volume":"61","author":"Podratz","year":"1983","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib30","first-page":"774","article-title":"Histologic prognosticators in stage I squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva","volume":"70","author":"Ross","year":"1987","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1097\/00004347-198201000-00005","article-title":"Microinvasive carcinoma of the vulva","volume":"1","author":"Wilkinson","year":"1982","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib32","first-page":"454","article-title":"Microinvasive cancer of the vulva: report of the International Society for the Study of Vulvar Disease Task Force: Proceedings of the 7th World Congress of the ISSVD","volume":"29","author":"Kneale","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(87)90132-3","article-title":"Positive groin lymph nodes in superficial squamous cell vulvar cancer","volume":"156","author":"Sedlis","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib34","series-title":"Principles and practice of gynecologic oncology","first-page":"555","article-title":"Vulva","author":"Moore","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-198606000-00009","article-title":"Bartholin gland carcinoma","volume":"67","author":"Copeland","year":"1986","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/S1085-5629(96)80021-6","article-title":"Vulvar melanoma","volume":"15","author":"Panizzon","year":"1996","journal-title":"Semin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(92)90050-S","article-title":"Minimally invasive vulvar carcinoma: an indication for conservative surgical therapy","volume":"44","author":"Kelley","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(81)90128-1","article-title":"The value of groin palpation in epidermoid carcinoma of the vulva","volume":"12","author":"Iversen","year":"1981","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(96)70654-3","article-title":"Sites of failure and times to failure in carcinoma of the vulva treated conservatively: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study","volume":"174","author":"Stehman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib40","first-page":"574","article-title":"Radical vulvectomy and bilateral inguinal lymphadenectomy through separate groin incisions","volume":"58","author":"Hacker","year":"1981","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib41","first-page":"155","article-title":"Individualization of treatment for stage I squamous cell vulvar carcinoma","volume":"63","author":"Hacker","year":"1984","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1995.1152","article-title":"T2\/3 vulva cancer: a case-control study of triple incision versus en bloc radical vulvectomy and inguinal lymphadenectomy","volume":"57","author":"Siller","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(79)90119-4","article-title":"An alternative approach to early cancer of the vulva","volume":"133","author":"DiSaia","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib44","first-page":"163","article-title":"Intraoperative lymphatic mapping for vulvar cancer","volume":"84","author":"Levenback","year":"1994","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1097\/CCO.0b013e32832f3d53","article-title":"The role of sentinel node biopsy in gynecological cancer: a review","volume":"21","author":"Oonk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.14.0566","article-title":"Sentinel node dissection is safe in the treatment of early-stage vulvar cancer","volume":"28","author":"van der Zee","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2009.03.035","article-title":"Sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with gynecologic cancers: expert panel statement from the International Sentinel Node Society Meeting","volume":"114","author":"Levenback","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"Suppl 15","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A5505","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.5505","article-title":"Sentinel node (SN) biopsy in patients with vulvar cancer: a Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) study [abstract 5505]","volume":"27","author":"Levenback","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1993.1032","article-title":"Recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva: a study of 73 cases","volume":"48","author":"Piura","year":"1993","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(91)90352-6","article-title":"Prognostic indicators for invasive carcinoma of the vulva","volume":"42","author":"Rutledge","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1993.1127","article-title":"Prognostic factors for groin node metastases in squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva (a Gynecologic Oncology Group study)","volume":"49","author":"Homesley","year":"1993","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(00)00762-8","article-title":"Preoperative chemo-radiation for carcinoma of the vulva with N2\/N3 nodes: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study","volume":"48","author":"Montana","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1995.1211","article-title":"Pelvic exenteration for primary and recurrent vulvar cancer","volume":"58","author":"Miller","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(98)00193-X","article-title":"Preoperative chemoradiation for advanced vulvar cancer: a phase II study of the Gynecologic Oncology Group","volume":"42","author":"Moore","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199904153401502","article-title":"Concurrent cisplatin-based radiotherapy and chemotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer","volume":"340","author":"Rose","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2010.12.008","article-title":"Phase II trial of radiation therapy and weekly cisplatin chemotherapy for the treatment of locally-advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study [abstract]","volume":"120","author":"Moore","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.2001.6266","article-title":"Predictors of complications after inguinal lymphadenectomy","volume":"82","author":"Gould","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20000701)89:1<116::AID-CNCR16>3.0.CO;2-4","article-title":"Patterns of recurrence in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva: A multicenter CTF Study","volume":"89","author":"Maggino","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(11)91722-0","article-title":"Recurrent squamous carcinoma of the vulva","volume":"167","author":"Tilmans","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(70)90265-6","article-title":"Primary carcinoma of the vagina: an analysis of 68 cases","volume":"106","author":"Herbst","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib61","first-page":"218","article-title":"Primary invasive carcinoma of the vagina","volume":"53","author":"Pride","year":"1979","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.2001.6502","article-title":"A population-based study of squamous cell vaginal cancer: HPV and cofactors","volume":"84","author":"Daling","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1995.1077","article-title":"Carcinoma of the vagina: experience at the Princess Margaret Hospital (1974\u20131989)","volume":"56","author":"Kirkbride","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1995.1008","article-title":"A 30-year experience in the management of primary carcinoma of the vagina: analysis of prognostic factors and treatment modalities","volume":"56","author":"Stock","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(77)90445-8","article-title":"Carcinoma of vagina 10 or more years following pelvic irradiation therapy","volume":"127","author":"Pride","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197104222841604","article-title":"Adenocarcinoma of the vagina: association of maternal stilbestrol therapy with tumor appearance in young women","volume":"284","author":"Herbst","year":"1971","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(86)80039-9","article-title":"Vaginal adenosis in women born prior to the diethylstilbestrol era","volume":"17","author":"Robboy","year":"1986","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1080\/j.1600-0412.1999.780715.x","article-title":"Wide local excision (WLE) for vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN)","volume":"78","author":"Cheng","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(92)91823-S","article-title":"Upper vaginectomy for in situ and occult, superficially invasive carcinoma of the vagina","volume":"166","author":"Hoffman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib70","first-page":"657","article-title":"Treatment of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia with laser and topical 5-fluorouracil","volume":"73","author":"Krebs","year":"1989","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1097\/00128360-200310000-00011","article-title":"Treatment of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (primarily low grade) with imiquimod 5% cream","volume":"7","author":"Buck","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib72","first-page":"389","article-title":"Conservative management of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN) by laser CO2","volume":"17","author":"Diakomanolis","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Gynaecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1996.4608","article-title":"High-dose-rate brachytherapy in the management of high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia of the vagina","volume":"65","author":"MacLeod","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(82)90085-3","article-title":"Management of primary vaginal carcinoma","volume":"14","author":"Ball","year":"1982","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(88)90222-2","article-title":"Definitive irradiation in carcinoma of the vagina: long-term evaluation of results","volume":"15","author":"Perez","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(94)90137-6","article-title":"Malignant melanoma of the vulva and vagina in the United States: patterns of incidence and population-based estimates of survival","volume":"171","author":"Weinstock","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib77","first-page":"190","article-title":"Primary melanoma of the vagina: a clinicopathologic analysis","volume":"74","author":"Reid","year":"1989","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02524343","article-title":"Primary vaginal melanoma: a critical analysis of therapy","volume":"11","author":"Miner","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(74)90138-0","article-title":"Clear-cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina and cervix in girls: analysis of 170 registry cases","volume":"119","author":"Herbst","year":"1974","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1159\/000326881","article-title":"Advanced primary clear cell carcinoma of the vagina not associated with diethylstilbestrol","volume":"46","author":"Watanabe","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2006.06.044","article-title":"Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina in a patient with vaginal endometriosis","volume":"103","author":"Shah","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.2000.5963","article-title":"Primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the vagina","volume":"80","author":"Ebrahim","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(89)90149-2","article-title":"Vaginal endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising in vaginal endometriosis: a case report and literature review","volume":"34","author":"Haskel","year":"1989","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/80.4.539","article-title":"Paravaginal wolffian duct (mesonephros) adenocarcinoma: a light and electron microscopic study","volume":"80","author":"Hinchey","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.2001.6171","article-title":"The role of surgery in invasive squamous carcinoma of the vagina","volume":"81","author":"Tjalma","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19980901)83:5<1033::AID-CNCR30>3.0.CO;2-6","article-title":"The National Cancer Data Base report on cancer of the vagina","volume":"83","author":"Creasman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(91)90332-Y","article-title":"Invasive vaginal carcinoma: analysis of early-stage disease","volume":"42","author":"Davis","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(85)90216-1","article-title":"Squamous carcinoma of the vagina: treatment, complications, and long-term follow-up","volume":"20","author":"Rubin","year":"1985","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(95)02394-1","article-title":"Definitive radiotherapy for carcinoma of the vagina: outcome and prognostic factors","volume":"35","author":"Chyle","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20010215)91:4<758::AID-CNCR1062>3.0.CO;2-U","article-title":"Primary invasive carcinoma of the vagina: treatment with interstitial brachytherapy","volume":"91","author":"Tewari","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1048-891x.2004.014066.x","article-title":"Chemoradiation for primary invasive squamous carcinoma of the vagina","volume":"14","author":"Dalrymple","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(94)90389-1","article-title":"Late effect of multiple daily fraction palliation schedule for advanced pelvic malignancies (RTOG 8502)","volume":"29","author":"Spanos","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib93","series-title":"SEER survival monographs: cancer survival among adults: U.S. SEER Program, 1988 [NIH Pub. No. 07-6215]","first-page":"155","article-title":"Cancer of the vagina","author":"Kosary","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(98)00530-6","article-title":"Factors affecting long-term outcome of irradiation in carcinoma of the vagina","volume":"44","author":"Perez","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(98)00522-7","article-title":"Iridium-192 transperineal interstitial brachytherapy for locally advanced or recurrent gynecological malignancies","volume":"43","author":"Gupta","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(01)01507-3","article-title":"Radical surgical resection and high-dose intraoperative radiation therapy (HDR-IORT) in patients with recurrent gynecologic cancers","volume":"50","author":"Gemignani","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"}],"container-title":["Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889854512000307?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889854512000307?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,16]],"date-time":"2022-01-16T10:20:13Z","timestamp":1642328413000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0889854512000307"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"references-count":95,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0889854512000307"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ogc.2012.04.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0889-8545"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0889-8545","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]}}}