{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T23:09:25Z","timestamp":1782256165048,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,25]],"date-time":"2019-01-25T08:11:52Z","timestamp":1548403912000},"page":"19-36","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Cancer Screening and Prevention Highlights in Gynecologic Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Jeanine N.","family":"Staples","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda R.","family":"Duska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2018","volume":"68","author":"Siegel","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib2","unstructured":"Key statistics for ovarian cancer. American Cancer Society. Available at: http:\/\/www.cancer.org\/cancer\/ovarian-cancer\/about\/key-statistics.html. Accessed May 1, 2018."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib3","series-title":"Cancer facts & figures 2018","author":"American Cancer Society","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib4","series-title":"SEER cancer statistics review, 1975-2015","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E359","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29210","article-title":"Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012","volume":"136","author":"Ferlay","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(83)90111-7","article-title":"Two pathogenetic types of endometrial carcinoma","volume":"15","author":"Bokhman","year":"1983","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6603012","article-title":"Uterine papillary serous and clear cell carcinomas predict for poorer survival compared to grade 3 endometrioid corpus cancers","volume":"94","author":"Hamilton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib8","first-page":"283","article-title":"Uterine serous papillary carcinoma: histopathologic changes within the female genital tract","volume":"11","author":"Jordan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib9","series-title":"Gynecologic cancer: controversies in management","first-page":"190","article-title":"Epidemiology of uterine corpus cancer","author":"Brinton","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12113","article-title":"Integrated genomic characterization of endometrial carcinoma","volume":"497","author":"Kandoth","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"35","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38398","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.5049","article-title":"Breastfeeding and the incidence of endometrial cancer: a meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Zhan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2607","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.48.2596","article-title":"Type I and II endometrial cancers: have they different risk factors?","volume":"31","author":"Setiawan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000456325.50739.72","article-title":"ACOG practice bulletin No. 147: Lynch syndrome","volume":"124","year":"2014","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/6.1.105","article-title":"Cancer risk associated with germline DNA mismatch repair gene mutations","volume":"6","author":"Dunlop","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19990412)81:2<214::AID-IJC8>3.0.CO;2-L","article-title":"Cancer risk in mutation carriers of DNA-mismatch-repair genes","volume":"81","author":"Aarnio","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000154885.44002.ae","article-title":"Gynecologic cancer as a \u201csentinel cancer\u201d for women with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome","volume":"105","author":"Lu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(09)70041-5","article-title":"Management of extracolonic tumours in patients with Lynch syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Koornstra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0004.2008.01125.x","article-title":"Cumulative lifetime incidence of extracolonic cancers in Lynch syndrome: a report of 121 families with proven mutations","volume":"75","author":"Barrow","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Genet"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20001015)89:8<1765::AID-CNCR17>3.0.CO;2-F","article-title":"The accuracy of endometrial sampling in the diagnosis of patients with endometrial carcinoma and hyperplasia: a meta-analysis","volume":"89","author":"Dijkhuizen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31819930cc","article-title":"ACOG committee opinion No. 426: the role of transvaginal ultrasonography in the evaluation of postmenopausal bleeding","volume":"113","author":"American College of Obstetricians and Gyneoclogists","year":"2009","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000450757.18294.cf","article-title":"Committee opinion No. 601: tamoxifen and uterine cancer","volume":"123","author":"American College of Obstetricians and Gyneoclogists","year":"2014","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2014.12.016","article-title":"Is the endometrial evaluation routinely required in patients with adult granulose cell tumors of the ovary?","volume":"136","author":"Ottolina","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1007\/s13224-014-0572-x","article-title":"Fertility sparing surgery in gynecologic cancer","volume":"64","author":"Rema","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Obstet Gynaecol India"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0412.2011.01091.x","article-title":"A\u00a0systematic review of gynecological cancer surveillance in women belonging to hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (Lynch syndrome) families","volume":"90","author":"Auranen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/11.4.445","article-title":"Distinct PTEN mutational spectra in hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer syndrome-related endometrial carcinomas compared to sporadic microsatellite unstable tumors","volume":"11","author":"Zhou","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib26","unstructured":"National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology. Available at: http:\/\/www.nccn.org\/professionals\/physician_gls\/f_guidelines.asp. Accessed February 27, 2016."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib27","first-page":"796","article-title":"Combination oral contraceptive use and the risk of endometrial cancer. The Cancer and Steroid Hormone Study of the Centers for Disease Control and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","volume":"257","year":"1987","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib28","first-page":"186","article-title":"Depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) and risk of endometrial cancer. The WHO Collaborative Study of Neoplasia and Steroid Contraceptives","volume":"49","year":"1991","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2018.02.006","article-title":"Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system use is associated with a decreased risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer, without increased risk of breast cancer. Results from the NOWAC Study","volume":"149","author":"Jareid","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1007\/s10689-011-9444-z","article-title":"A\u00a0cost-effectiveness analysis of prophylactic surgery versus gynecologic surveillance for women from hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) Families","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fam Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djh034","article-title":"Revised Bethesda guidelines for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (Lynch syndrome) and microsatellite instability","volume":"96","author":"Umar","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000321","article-title":"Lynch syndrome screening should be considered for all patients with newly diagnosed endometrial cancer","volume":"38","author":"Mills","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-2-201107190-00002","article-title":"Strategies to identify the Lynch syndrome among patients with colorectal cancer: a cost-effectiveness analysis","volume":"155","author":"Ladabaum","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218.e1-6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.08.075","article-title":"Trends in demographic and clinical characteristics in women diagnosed with corpus cancer and their potential impact on the increasing number of deaths","volume":"198","author":"Ueda","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(05)70463-0","article-title":"Rare uterine cancers","volume":"6","author":"Acharya","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib36","series-title":"Williams gynecology","first-page":"706","article-title":"Uterine sarcoma","author":"Schorge","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib37","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration. Medical devices safety communications. Updated laparoscopic uterine power morcellation in hysterectomy and myomectomy: FDA safety communication. 2014."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/s10397-015-0894-4","article-title":"The prevalence of occult leiomyosarcoma at surgery for presumed uterine fibroids: a meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Pritts","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gynecol Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib39","series-title":"Robboy\u2019s pathology of the female reproductive tract","first-page":"601","article-title":"Ovarian neoplasia","author":"Lacey","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.22919","article-title":"Metastatic patterns at autopsy in patients with ovarian carcinoma","volume":"110","author":"Guth","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(79)91435-1","article-title":"\"Incessant ovulation\" and ovarian cancer","volume":"2","author":"Casagrande","year":"1979","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.20892\/j.issn.2095-3941.2016.0084","article-title":"Epidemiology of ovarian cancer: a review","volume":"14","author":"Reid","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1200\/PO.16.00066","article-title":"Breast and ovarian cancer penetrance estimates derived from germline multiple-gene sequencing results in women","volume":"1","author":"Kurian","year":"2017","journal-title":"JCO Precis Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1878","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2014.29","article-title":"Risk and prognosis of ovarian cancer in women with endometriosis: a meta-analysis","volume":"110","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmq030","article-title":"Tubal ligation and the risk of ovarian cancer: review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Cibula","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dju410","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/dju410","article-title":"Ovarian cancer risk after salpingectomy: a nationwide population-based study","volume":"107","author":"Falconer","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa012158","article-title":"Prophylactic oophorectomy in carriers of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations","volume":"346","author":"Rebbeck","year":"2002","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.118657","article-title":"Family history of cancer, oral contraceptive use, and ovarian cancer risk","volume":"186","author":"Walker","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"44","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18032","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1115052108","article-title":"Mutations in 12 genes for inherited ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal carcinoma identified by massively parallel sequencing","volume":"108","author":"Walsh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U\u00a0S\u00a0A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1086\/301749","article-title":"Genetic heterogeneity and penetrance analysis of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in breast cancer families. The Breast Cancer Linkage Consortium","volume":"62","author":"Ford","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1086\/375033","article-title":"Average risks of breast and ovarian cancer associated with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations detected in case series unselected for family history: a combined analysis of 22 studies","volume":"72","author":"Antoniou","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.3121\/cmr.2007.702","article-title":"Lessons from BRCA: the tubal fimbria emerges as an origin for pelvic serous cancer","volume":"5","author":"Crum","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib53","first-page":"1535","article-title":"Role of tumour markers in monitoring epithelial ovarian cancer","volume":"82","author":"Meyer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1159\/000217982","article-title":"Specificity and affinity of 26 monoclonal antibodies against the CA 125 antigen: first report from the ISOBM TD-1 workshop. International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine","volume":"17","author":"Nustad","year":"1996","journal-title":"Tumour Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2006.09.028","article-title":"CA125 expression pattern, prognosis and correlation with serum CA125 in ovarian tumor patients. From The Danish \"MALOVA\" Ovarian Cancer Study","volume":"104","author":"Hogdall","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib56","unstructured":"ACOG statement on USPSTF draft recommendations on pelvic exams. 2016. Available at: https:\/\/www.acog.org\/About-ACOG\/News-Room\/Statements\/2016\/ACOG-Statement-on-USPSTF-Draft-Recommendations-on-Pelvic-Exams. Accessed May 1, 2018."},{"issue":"10022","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01224-6","article-title":"Ovarian cancer screening and mortality in the UK Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening (UKCTOCS): a randomised controlled trial","volume":"387","author":"Jacobs","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib58","series-title":"Genetic\/familial high-risk assessment: breast and ovarian. V.1.2010. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology","author":"National Comprehensive Cancer Network","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181a106d4","article-title":"ACOG practice bulletin No. 103: hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome","volume":"113","year":"2009","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djn442","article-title":"Meta-analysis of risk reduction estimates associated with risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy in BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers","volume":"101","author":"Rebbeck","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(06)70585-X","article-title":"Mortality after bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers: a prospective cohort study","volume":"7","author":"Domchek","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e53","DOI":"10.3802\/jgo.2017.28.e53","article-title":"Should national societies recommend opportunistic salpingectomy?","volume":"28","author":"Tamussino","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dju091","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/dju091","article-title":"Modifiers of cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"106","author":"Friebel","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2011.3385","article-title":"Cervical cancer trends in the United States: a 35-year population-based analysis","volume":"21","author":"Adegoke","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Womens Health (Larchmt)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0000000000001009","article-title":"Cervical adenocarcinoma has a poorer prognosis and a higher propensity for distant recurrence than squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"27","author":"Jung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.22357","article-title":"Comparison of risk factors for invasive squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the cervix: collaborative reanalysis of individual data on 8,097 women with squamous cell carcinoma and 1,374 women with adenocarcinoma from 12 epidemiological studies","volume":"120","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib67","series-title":"\u201cChapter 19 the female genital system and breast\u201d. Robbins basic pathology","author":"Kumar","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9896(199909)189:1<12::AID-PATH431>3.0.CO;2-F","article-title":"Human papillomavirus is a necessary cause of invasive cervical cancer worldwide","volume":"189","author":"Walboomers","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib69","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HPV-associated cancer statistics. 2017. Available at: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/cancer\/hpv\/statistics\/index.htm. Accessed May 1, 2018."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djq356","article-title":"Long-term absolute risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or worse following human papillomavirus infection: role of persistence","volume":"102","author":"Kjaer","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0b013e3181ab4584","article-title":"Lubricant, mucus, and other contaminant materials as a potential source of interpretation errors in ThinPrep cervical cytology","volume":"14","author":"AbdullGaffar","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib72","first-page":"e111","article-title":"Practice Bulletin No. 168: cervical cancer screening and prevention","volume":"128","year":"2016","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib73","first-page":"147","article-title":"American Cancer Society, American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology, and American Society for Clinical Pathology screening guidelines for the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer","volume":"62","author":"Saslow","year":"2012","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib74","first-page":"1759","article-title":"Screening for cervical cancer: recommendations and rationale. U.S. Preventative Services Task Force","volume":"67","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2048","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.21604","article-title":"Long-term risk of invasive cervical cancer after treatment of squamous cervical intraepithelial neoplasia","volume":"118","author":"Soutter","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib76","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute (2006) DES: questions and answers. US Department of Health and Human Services. 2006. Available at: http:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/cancertopics\/factsheet\/Risk\/DES. Accessed May 1, 2018."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2013.02.005","article-title":"Cervical cancer screening in immunocompromised women","volume":"40","author":"Nguyen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2411","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.17615","article-title":"Immunogenicity of the 9-valent HPV vaccine using 2-dose regimens in girls and boys vs a 3-dose regimen in women","volume":"316","author":"Iversen","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib79","series-title":"Grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) of a 2-dose schedule for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination","author":"CDC","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6549a5","article-title":"Use of a 2-dose schedule for human papillomavirus vaccination - Updated recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices","volume":"65","author":"Meites","year":"2016","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib81","first-page":"300","article-title":"Use of 9-valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine: updated HPV vaccination recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices","volume":"64","author":"Petrosky","year":"2015","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.0643","article-title":"Long-term management of adult vulvar lichen sclerosus: a prospective cohort study of 507 women","volume":"151","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"}],"container-title":["Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889854518300901?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889854518300901?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T10:17:36Z","timestamp":1760177856000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0889854518300901"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0889854518300901"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0889-8545"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0889-8545","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Cancer Screening and Prevention Highlights in Gynecologic Cancer","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.09.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}