{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T15:31:00Z","timestamp":1793633460470,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R43NS139830"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R43NS139830"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Therapy Nucleic Acids"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T23:34:04Z","timestamp":1789774444000},"page":"103106","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["CasNano: An ultracompact CRISPR-Cas12f with a GC-rich PAM for epigenome editing with therapeutic potential"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Dongkyeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia-Wei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junming","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuebing","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orrin","family":"Devinsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9004-4191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi-Ting","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shawn","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-024-02320-1","article-title":"Epigenome editing technologies for discovery and medicine","volume":"42","author":"McCutcheon","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-025-01236-y","article-title":"CRISPR-based therapeutic genome editing for inherited blood disorders","volume":"24","author":"Levesque","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1038\/s41589-024-01645-x","article-title":"The realization of CRISPR gene therapy","volume":"20","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.03.023","article-title":"CRISPR-Based Therapeutic Genome Editing: Strategies and In Vivo Delivery by AAV Vectors","volume":"181","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-1978-5","article-title":"The promise and challenge of therapeutic genome editing","volume":"578","author":"Doudna","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5561","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-33157-4","article-title":"Payload distribution and capacity of mRNA lipid nanoparticles","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13101497","article-title":"Enabling mRNA Therapeutics: Current Landscape and Challenges in Manufacturing","volume":"13","author":"Youssef","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-022-03166-5","article-title":"Biodistribution and Non-linear Gene Expression of mRNA LNPs Affected by Delivery Route and Particle Size","volume":"39","author":"Di","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222111654","article-title":"Nanoparticles for Targeted Brain Drug Delivery: What Do We Know?","volume":"22","author":"Pinheiro","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2011.08.017","article-title":"Transport of drugs across the blood-brain barrier by nanoparticles","volume":"161","author":"Wohlfart","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1225829","article-title":"A programmable dual-RNA-guided DNA endonuclease in adaptive bacterial immunity","volume":"337","author":"Jinek","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.09.038","article-title":"Cpf1 is a single RNA-guided endonuclease of a class 2 CRISPR-Cas system","volume":"163","author":"Zetsche","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-0908-x","article-title":"CasX enzymes comprise a distinct family of RNA-guided genome editors","volume":"566","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2021.08.008","article-title":"Engineered miniature CRISPR-Cas system for mammalian genome regulation and editing","volume":"81","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14299","article-title":"In vivo genome editing using Staphylococcus aureus Cas9","volume":"520","author":"Ran","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.08.031","article-title":"An AsCas12f-based compact genome-editing tool derived by deep mutational scanning and structural analysis","volume":"186","author":"Hino","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2046","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-37829-7","article-title":"Engineered CRISPR-OsCas12f1 and RhCas12f1 with robust activities and expanded target range for genome editing","volume":"14","author":"Kong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-56048-w","article-title":"Robust genome editing activity and the applications of enhanced miniature CRISPR-Cas12f1","volume":"16","author":"Park","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4120","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab179","article-title":"Structural basis for substrate recognition and cleavage by the dimerization-dependent CRISPR-Cas12f nuclease","volume":"49","author":"Xiao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1038\/s41929-023-00995-4","article-title":"Structure and engineering of miniature Acidibacillus sulfuroxidans Cas12f1","volume":"6","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Catal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1038\/s41589-023-01508-x","article-title":"Author Correction: An engineered hypercompact CRISPR-Cas12f system with boosted gene-editing activity","volume":"20","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.5221","article-title":"ESM-scan-A tool to guide amino acid substitutions","volume":"33","author":"Totaro","year":"2024","journal-title":"Protein Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3002514","article-title":"Engineering of Cas12a nuclease variants with enhanced genome-editing specificity","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3900","article-title":"Engineered Cpf1 variants with altered PAM specificities","volume":"35","author":"Gao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-022-01296-1","article-title":"Engineered Cas12a-Plus nuclease enables gene editing with enhanced activity and specificity","volume":"20","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4500","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24770-w","article-title":"Author Correction: AsCas12a ultra nuclease facilitates the rapid generation of therapeutic cell medicines","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.08.056","article-title":"Editing DNA Methylation in the Mammalian Genome","volume":"167","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-47002-0","article-title":"Identification of novel breakpoints for locus- and region-specific translocations in 293 cells by molecular cytogenetics before and after irradiation","volume":"9","author":"Binz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.add4666","article-title":"Multiplex epigenome editing of MECP2 to rescue Rett syndrome neurons","volume":"15","author":"Qian","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1038\/s41589-023-01380-9","article-title":"An engineered hypercompact CRISPR-Cas12f system with boosted gene-editing activity","volume":"19","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5623","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-33346-1","article-title":"Comprehensive assessment of miniature CRISPR-Cas12f nucleases for gene disruption","volume":"13","author":"Xin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."}],"container-title":["Molecular Therapy Nucleic Acids"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2162253126002775?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2162253126002775?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T15:12:36Z","timestamp":1793632356000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2162253126002775"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S2162253126002775"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106","relation":{},"ISSN":["2162-2531"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2162-2531","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"CasNano: An ultracompact CRISPR-Cas12f with a GC-rich PAM for epigenome editing with therapeutic potential","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Molecular Therapy Nucleic Acids","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.omtn.2026.103106","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103106"}}