{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T21:13:37Z","timestamp":1778274817588,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Therapy Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T07:58:55Z","timestamp":1768377535000},"page":"201130","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Current use of pre-clinical models for evaluation of human adenovirus-based cancer therapeutics"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0028-9396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David K.","family":"Cole","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rahul C.","family":"Khanolkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James A.","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew B.","family":"Gerry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.7-2-106","article-title":"Viral Oncolysis","volume":"7","author":"Mullen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib2","series-title":"Animal Models for the Study of Human Disease","first-page":"927","article-title":"Animal Models of Human Viral Diseases","author":"Ruiz","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gendis.2017.04.001","article-title":"Adenovirus-mediated gene delivery: Potential applications for gene and cell-based therapies in the new era of personalized medicine","volume":"4","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genes Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1007\/s11262-017-1488-1","article-title":"Oncolytic viruses: adenoviruses","volume":"53","author":"Niemann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Virus Genes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13323","article-title":"Pouring petrol on the flames: Using oncolytic virotherapies to enhance tumour immunogenicity","volume":"163","author":"Teijeira Crespo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4178","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15164178","article-title":"Oncolytic Viruses and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: The \u201cHot\u201d New Power Couple","volume":"15","author":"Lovatt","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2015.115","article-title":"Viral Infection of Tumors Overcomes Resistance to PD-1-immunotherapy by Broadening Neoantigenome-directed T-cell Responses","volume":"23","author":"Woller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines2010036","article-title":"Oncolytic Adenoviruses in Cancer Treatment","volume":"2","author":"Alemany","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2015.10.009","article-title":"Immune suppressive mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment","volume":"39","author":"Munn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.3390\/biology10121253","article-title":"Animal Models in Human Adenovirus Research","volume":"10","author":"Bertzbach","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12030619","article-title":"Modeling the Efficacy of Oncolytic Adenoviruses In Vitro and In Vivo: Current and Future Perspectives","volume":"12","author":"McKenna","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib12","first-page":"2559","article-title":"Prostate attenuated replication competent adenovirus (ARCA) CN706: a selective cytotoxic for prostate-specific antigen-positive prostate cancer cells","volume":"57","author":"Rodriguez","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1038\/80474","article-title":"An adenovirus E1A mutant that demonstrates potent and selective systemic anti-tumoral efficacy","volume":"6","author":"Heise","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1203251","article-title":"A mutant oncolytic adenovirus targeting the Rb pathway produces anti-glioma effect in vivo","volume":"19","author":"Fueyo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2004.11.012","article-title":"Late viral RNA export, rather than p53 inactivation, determines ONYX-015 tumor selectivity","volume":"6","author":"O\u2019Shea","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01480-07","article-title":"Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Forms a Highly Stable, EDTA-Resistant Complex with Its Principal Receptor, Integrin \u03b1v\u03b26: Implications for Infectiousness","volume":"82","author":"DiCara","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9657","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M610461200","article-title":"Structure-Function Analysis of Arg-Gly-Asp Helix Motifs in \u03b1v\u03b26 Integrin Ligands","volume":"282","author":"DiCara","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/v13050864","article-title":"Efficient Intravenous Tumor Targeting Using the \u03b1v\u03b26 Integrin-Selective Precision Virotherapy Ad5NULL-A20","volume":"13","author":"Davies","year":"2021","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4215","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-18-1089","article-title":"Ad5NULL-A20: A Tropism-Modified, \u03b1v\u03b26 Integrin-Selective Oncolytic Adenovirus for Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Therapies","volume":"24","author":"Uusi-Kerttula","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.953410","article-title":"Current clinical landscape of oncolytic viruses as novel cancer immunotherapeutic and recent preclinical advancements","volume":"13","author":"Yun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a119749","article-title":"STUDIES OF THE ADENOIDAL-PHARYNGEAL-CONJUNCTI-VAL (APC) GROUP OF VIRUSES1","volume":"61","author":"ROWE","year":"1955","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.67.1.101-111.1993","article-title":"Pathogenesis of adenovirus type 5 pneumonia in cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus)","volume":"67","author":"Prince","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00284-17","article-title":"Pathology in Permissive Syrian Hamsters after Infection with Species C Human Adenovirus (HAdV-C) Is the Result of Virus Replication: HAdV-C6 Replicates More and Causes More Pathology than HAdV-C5","volume":"91","author":"Tollefson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines6010030","article-title":"The Repertoire of Adenovirus in Human Disease: The Innocuous to the Deadly","volume":"6","author":"Khanal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3549","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.80.7.3549-3558.2006","article-title":"Replication Properties of Human Adenovirus In Vivo and in Cultures of Primary Cells from Different Animal Species","volume":"80","author":"Jogler","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.2.1308-1311.2005","article-title":"Productive Replication of Human Adenovirus Type 5 in Canine Cells","volume":"79","author":"Ternovoi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1038\/cgt.2009.6","article-title":"INGN 007, an oncolytic adenovirus vector, replicates in Syrian hamsters but not mice: comparison of biodistribution studies","volume":"16","author":"Ying","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02329","article-title":"Syrian Hamster as an Animal Model for the Study on Infectious Diseases","volume":"10","author":"Miao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib29","first-page":"169","article-title":"Use of the Syrian Hamster as an Animal Model for Oncolytic Adenovirus Vectors","volume":"1","author":"Thomas","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noab128","article-title":"An immune-competent, replication-permissive Syrian Hamster glioma model for evaluating Delta-24-RGD oncolytic adenovirus","volume":"23","author":"Phillips","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/S1525-0016(03)00199-0","article-title":"Novel immunocompetent murine tumor models for the assessment of replication-competent oncolytic adenovirus efficacy","volume":"8","author":"Halld\u00e9n","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1038\/cgt.2014.64","article-title":"A novel immunocompetent murine model for replicating oncolytic adenoviral therapy","volume":"22","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1010859","article-title":"Binding of adenovirus species C hexon to prothrombin and the influence of hexon on vector properties in vitro and in vivo","volume":"18","author":"Tian","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cgt.7700539","article-title":"Intravascular adenoviral agents in cancer patients: Lessons from clinical trials","volume":"9","author":"Reid","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004673","article-title":"Manipulating Adenovirus Hexon Hypervariable Loops Dictates Immune Neutralisation and Coagulation Factor X-dependent Cell Interaction In Vitro and In Vivo","volume":"11","author":"Ma","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4654","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02696-06","article-title":"Comparative Seroprevalence and Immunogenicity of Six Rare Serotype Recombinant Adenovirus Vaccine Vectors from Subgroups B and D","volume":"81","author":"Abbink","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8798","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.71.11.8798-8807.1997","article-title":"The role of Kupffer cell activation and viral gene expression in early liver toxicity after infusion of recombinant adenovirus vectors","volume":"71","author":"Lieber","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.04.015","article-title":"Virus Binding to a Plasma Membrane Receptor Triggers Interleukin-1\u03b1-Mediated Proinflammatory Macrophage Response In Vivo","volume":"31","author":"Di Paolo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5483","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0711757105","article-title":"Adenovirus serotype 5 hexon is critical for virus infection of hepatocytes in vivo","volume":"105","author":"Kalyuzhniy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2008.132","article-title":"Substitution of Hexon Hypervariable Region 5 of Adenovirus Serotype 5 Abrogates Blood Factor Binding and Limits Gene Transfer to Liver","volume":"16","author":"Vigant","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2006.01.003","article-title":"Adenovirus Type 5 Interactions with Human Blood Cells May Compromise Systemic Delivery","volume":"14","author":"Lyons","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4866","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02819-06","article-title":"Adenovirus-Platelet Interaction in Blood Causes Virus Sequestration to the Reticuloendothelial System of the Liver","volume":"81","author":"Stone","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2832","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-06-032524","article-title":"Adenovirus-induced thrombocytopenia: the role of von Willebrand factor and P-selectin in mediating accelerated platelet clearance","volume":"109","author":"Othman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-024-03219-0","article-title":"Single intravenous administration of oncolytic adenovirus TILT-123 results in systemic tumor transduction and immune response in patients with advanced solid tumors","volume":"43","author":"Jirovec","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3342","DOI":"10.1021\/mp4001316","article-title":"Modeling Pre-Existing Immunity to Adenovirus in Rodents: Immunological Requirements for Successful Development of a Recombinant Adenovirus Serotype 5-Based Ebola Vaccine","volume":"10","author":"Choi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2017.166","article-title":"Tumour heterogeneity and resistance to cancer therapies","volume":"15","author":"Dagogo-Jack","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3853","article-title":"Translational value of mouse models in oncology drug development","volume":"21","author":"Gould","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108631","article-title":"Orthotopic and metastatic tumour models in preclinical cancer research","volume":"257","author":"Stribbling","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1126969","article-title":"Syrian hamster as an ideal animal model for evaluation of cancer immunotherapy","volume":"14","author":"Jia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1038\/cgt.2009.36","article-title":"New pancreatic carcinoma model for studying oncolytic adenoviruses in the permissive Syrian hamster","volume":"16","author":"Spencer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5329","DOI":"10.21873\/anticanres.14540","article-title":"The Development of Next-generation PBMC Humanized Mice for Preclinical Investigation of Cancer Immunotherapeutic Agents","volume":"40","author":"Morillon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2018.07.001","article-title":"Humanized Mice for the Study of Immuno-Oncology","volume":"39","author":"De La Rochere","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-020-00922-1","article-title":"Oncolytic viruses for cancer immunotherapy","volume":"13","author":"Hemminki","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.01.016","article-title":"Adenovirus Serotype 5 Hexon Mediates Liver Gene Transfer","volume":"132","author":"Waddington","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12125","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.19.12125-12131.2005","article-title":"Adenovirus Receptors","volume":"79","author":"Zhang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1038\/gt.2010.18","article-title":"An ex vivo loop system models the toxicity and efficacy of PEGylated and unmodified adenovirus serotype 5 in whole human blood","volume":"17","author":"Danielsson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gene Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omto.2017.03.003","article-title":"Preclinical Safety Studies of Enadenotucirev, a Chimeric Group B Human-Specific Oncolytic Adenovirus","volume":"5","author":"Illingworth","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Oncolytics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1038\/gt.2014.2","article-title":"Activity of a group B oncolytic adenovirus (ColoAd1) in whole human blood","volume":"21","author":"Di","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gene Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2020.101808","article-title":"An In Vitro Whole-Organ Liver Engineering for Testing of Genetic Therapies","volume":"23","author":"Lorvellec","year":"2020","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10071697","article-title":"In Vivo Tracking for Oncolytic Adenovirus Interactions with Liver Cells","volume":"10","author":"Naumenko","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2021-003000","article-title":"Novel oncolytic adenovirus expressing enhanced cross-hybrid IgGA Fc PD-L1 inhibitor activates multiple immune effector populations leading to enhanced tumor killing in vitro, in vivo and with patient-derived tumor organoids","volume":"9","author":"Hamdan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.145","article-title":"Improving immune\u2013vascular crosstalk for cancer immunotherapy","volume":"18","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2010.05.001","article-title":"The unique characteristics of tumor vasculature and preclinical evidence for its selective disruption by Tumor-Vascular Disrupting Agents","volume":"37","author":"Siemann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2010.03.072","article-title":"The Utility of a Tissue Slice Model System to Determine Breast Cancer Infectivity by Oncolytic Adenoviruses","volume":"163","author":"Pennington","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Surg. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2019.1682381","article-title":"Preclinical evaluation of an affinity-enhanced MAGE-A4-specific T-cell receptor for adoptive T-cell therapy","volume":"9","author":"Sanderson","year":"2020","journal-title":"OncoImmunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6600006","article-title":"ONYX-015: mechanisms of action and clinical potential of a replication-selective adenovirus","volume":"86","author":"Ries","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib68","first-page":"2623","article-title":"Intravenous administration of ONYX-015, a selectively replicating adenovirus, induces antitumoral efficacy","volume":"59","author":"Heise","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0697-639","article-title":"ONYX-015, an E1B gene-attenuated adenovirus, causes tumor-specific cytolysis and antitumoral efficacy that can be augmented by standard chemotherapeutic agents","volume":"3","author":"Heise","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1089\/hum.1994.5.9-1079","article-title":"Development and Characterization of Recombinant Adenoviruses Encoding Human p53 for Gene Therapy of Cancer","volume":"5","author":"Wills","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hum. Gene Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gt.3300636","article-title":"Efficacy of multiple administrations of a recombinant adenovirus expressing wild-type p53 in an immune-competent mouse tumor model","volume":"5","author":"Li","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gene Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-05-1059","article-title":"CG0070, a Conditionally Replicating Granulocyte Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor\u2013Armed Oncolytic Adenovirus for the Treatment of Bladder Cancer","volume":"12","author":"Ramesh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1177\/1947601912437933","article-title":"Antitumor Activity of VB-111, a Novel Antiangiogenic Virotherapeutic, in Thyroid Cancer Xenograft Mouse Models","volume":"2","author":"Reddi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Genes Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib74","first-page":"120","article-title":"A conditionally replicative adenovirus with enhanced infectivity shows improved oncolytic potency","volume":"7","author":"Suzuki","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/95.9.652","article-title":"Preclinical Characterization of the Antiglioma Activity of a Tropism-Enhanced Adenovirus Targeted to the Retinoblastoma Pathway","volume":"95","author":"Fueyo","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30228","article-title":"Synergistic anti-tumor efficacy of immunogenic adenovirus ONCOS-102 (Ad5\/3-D24-GM-CSF) and standard of care chemotherapy in preclinical mesothelioma model","volume":"139","author":"Kuryk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0182715","article-title":"Toxicological and bio-distribution profile of a GM-CSF-expressing, double-targeted, chimeric oncolytic adenovirus ONCOS-102 \u2013 Support for clinical studies on advanced cancer treatment","volume":"12","author":"Kuryk","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mt.6300239","article-title":"Systemic Toxicity\u2013Efficacy Profile of ICOVIR-5, a Potent and Selective Oncolytic Adenovirus Based on the pRB Pathway","volume":"15","author":"Cascallo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2021-003254","article-title":"VCN-01 disrupts pancreatic cancer stroma and exerts antitumor effects","volume":"9","author":"Bazan-Peregrino","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-51014-1","article-title":"The oncolytic adenovirus VCN-01 promotes anti-tumor effect in primitive neuroectodermal tumor models","volume":"9","author":"Garcia-Moure","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-14-2213","article-title":"Safety and Efficacy of VCN-01, an Oncolytic Adenovirus Combining Fiber HSG-Binding Domain Replacement with RGD and Hyaluronidase Expression","volume":"21","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Garc\u00eda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10020246","article-title":"Cytokine-Coding Oncolytic Adenovirus TILT-123 Is Safe, Selective, and Effective as a Single Agent and in Combination with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Anti-PD-1","volume":"10","author":"Havunen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1038\/s41417-020-0176-9","article-title":"Immunostimulatory oncolytic virotherapy for multiple myeloma targeting 4-1BB and\/or CD40","volume":"27","author":"Wenthe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5846","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-17-0285","article-title":"Shaping the Tumor Stroma and Sparking Immune Activation by CD40 and 4-1BB Signaling Induced by an Armed Oncolytic Virus","volume":"23","author":"Eriksson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S84","DOI":"10.1016\/S1525-0016(16)36019-1","article-title":"215. Preclinical Development of ORCA-010, a Novel Potency-Enhanced Oncolytic Adenovirus","volume":"20","author":"Dong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1089\/hum.2013.229","article-title":"ORCA-010, a Novel Potency-Enhanced Oncolytic Adenovirus, Exerts Strong Antitumor Activity in Preclinical Models","volume":"25","author":"Dong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum. Gene Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1038\/gt.2013.40","article-title":"Efficacy of oncolytic adenovirus expressing suicide genes and interleukin-12 in preclinical model of prostate cancer","volume":"20","author":"Freytag","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gene Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/mto.2015.6","article-title":"Preclinical toxicology of oncolytic adenovirus-mediated cytotoxic and interleukin-12 gene therapy for prostate cancer","volume":"2","author":"Freytag","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Oncolytics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1159\/000448430","article-title":"Preclinical Evaluation of AdVince, an Oncolytic Adenovirus Adapted for Treatment of Liver Metastases from Neuroendocrine Cancer","volume":"105","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib94","unstructured":"EMA (2018). Guideline on strategies to identify and mitigate risks for first-in-human and early clinical trials with investigational medicinal products (EMEA\/CHMP\/SWP\/28367\/07 Rev. 1). www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/scientific-guideline\/guideline-strategies-identify-and-mitigate-risks-first-human-and-early-clinical-trials-investigational-medicinal-products-revision-1_en.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib95","unstructured":"EMA (2001). IHC S7A Guidance on safety pharmacology studies for human pharmaceuticals (CPMP\/ICH\/539\/00). www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/scientific-guideline\/ich-s-7-safety-pharmacology-studies-human-pharmaceuticals-step-5_en.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib97","unstructured":"EMA (2018). ICH S9 guideline on nonclinical evaluation for anticancer pharmaceuticals - questions and answers (EMA\/CHMP\/ICH\/453684\/2016). www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/scientific-guideline\/ich-s9-guideline-nonclinical-evaluation-anticancer-pharmaceuticals-questions-and-answers-step-5_en.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib98","unstructured":"EMA (2008). Guideline on the non-clinical studies required prior to clinical use of gene therapy medicinal products (EMEA\/CHMP\/GTWP\/125459\/2006). www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/scientific-guideline\/guideline-non-clinical-studies-required-first-clinical-use-gene-therapy-medicinal-products_en.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib99","unstructured":"EMA (2014). Guideline on the quality, non-clinical and clinical aspects of gene therapy medicinal products (EMA\/CAT\/80183\/2014). www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/scientific-guideline\/guideline-quality-non-clinical-and-clinical-aspects-gene-therapy-medicinal-products_en.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib100","unstructured":"EMA (2008). International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use considerations: Oncolytic viruses (EMEA\/CHMP\/ICH\/607698\/2008)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E6","DOI":"10.3171\/2020.11.FOCUS20853","article-title":"Delta-24 adenoviral therapy for glioblastoma: evolution from the bench to bedside and future considerations","volume":"50","author":"Ene","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosurg. Focus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-024-06389-x","article-title":"Multi-omics analysis reveals the dynamic interplay between Vero host chromatin structure and function during vaccinia virus infection","volume":"7","author":"Venu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-022-00503-y","article-title":"The use of viral vectors in vaccine development","volume":"7","author":"Travieso","year":"2022","journal-title":"NPJ Vaccines"}],"container-title":["Molecular Therapy Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2950329926000068?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2950329926000068?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T20:30:04Z","timestamp":1778272204000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2950329926000068"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":97,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S2950329926000068"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130","relation":{},"ISSN":["2950-3299"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2950-3299","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Current use of pre-clinical models for evaluation of human adenovirus-based cancer therapeutics","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Molecular Therapy Oncology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.omton.2026.201130","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"201130"}}