{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T15:30:50Z","timestamp":1782228650901,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":169,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,1]],"date-time":"2016-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1462060800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["oooojournal.net","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,15]],"date-time":"2016-02-15T01:04:04Z","timestamp":1455498244000},"page":"496-509","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Possible alternative therapies for oral lichen planus cases refractory to steroid therapies"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Huamei","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanqin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongxia","family":"Dan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2013.04.004","article-title":"Oral lichen planus: focus on etiopathogenesis","volume":"58","author":"Payeras","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S1348-8643(13)00030-X","article-title":"Oral lichen planus: malignant potential and diagnosis","volume":"11","author":"Shirasuna","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oral Sci Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3109\/08923973.2010.498014","article-title":"Oral lichen planus: update on etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment","volume":"33","author":"Crincoli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-029X.84474","article-title":"Oral lichen planus: an update on pathogenesis and treatment","volume":"15","author":"Lavanya","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Maxillofac Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2007.00582.x","article-title":"Nomenclature and classification of potentially malignant disorders of the oral mucosa","volume":"36","author":"Warnakulasuriya","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2011.04.009","article-title":"Oral lichen planus and malignant transformation: a longitudinal cohort study","volume":"112","author":"Bombeccari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.2013.10","article-title":"The malignant transformation of oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions: a systematic review","volume":"145","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1038\/ijos.2013.24","article-title":"Diagnostic aids for detection of oral precancerous conditions","volume":"5","author":"Messadi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Oral Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib9","first-page":"742826","article-title":"Cutaneous and mucosal lichen planus: a comprehensive review of clinical subtypes, risk factors, diagnosis, and prognosis","author":"Gorouhi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci World J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(90)90112-6","article-title":"Oral lichen planus: the clinical, historical, and therapeutic features of 100 cases","volume":"70","author":"Vincent","year":"1990","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0714.2003.00173.x","article-title":"Systemic and topical corticosteroid treatment of oral lichen planus: a comparative study with long-term follow-up","volume":"32","author":"Carbone","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib12","first-page":"D8092","article-title":"Interventions for erosive lichen planus affecting mucosal sites","volume":"2","author":"Cheng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12074","article-title":"Phototherapy approaches in treatment of oral lichen planus","volume":"30","author":"Pavlic","year":"2014","journal-title":"Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12083","article-title":"Novel therapies for oral lichen planus","volume":"42","author":"Thongprasom","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2007.07.029","article-title":"A\u00a0comparative treatment study of topical tacrolimus and clobetasol in oral lichen planus","volume":"105","author":"Radfar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-0070","article-title":"A\u00a0comparison of treatment of oral lichen planus with topical tacrolimus and triamcinolone acetonide ointment","volume":"86","author":"Laeijendecker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2007.01191.x","article-title":"Comparative effect of tacrolimus 0.1% ointment and clobetasol 0.05% ointment in patients with oral lichen planus","volume":"35","author":"Corrocher","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2012.05459.x","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of tacrolimus 0.1% ointment and clobetasol propionate 0.05% ointment in oral lichen planus: a randomized double-blind trial","volume":"51","author":"Sonthalia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12758","article-title":"Efficacy of topical tacrolimus for oral lichen planus: real-life experience in a retrospective cohort of patients with a review of the literature","volume":"29","author":"Ribero","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib20","first-page":"60","article-title":"Efficacy of topical tacrolimus in the treatment of oral lichen planus","volume":"3","author":"Jain","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dent Specialities"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12887","article-title":"Clinical and serological efficacy of topical calcineurin inhibitors in oral lichen planus: a prospective randomized controlled trial","volume":"55","author":"Vohra","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib22","first-page":"1508","article-title":"Response of oral lichen planus to topical tacrolimus in 37 patients","volume":"140","author":"Byrd","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10011-1311","article-title":"Evaluation of efficacy of tacrolimus 0.1% in orabase and triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% in orabase in the management of symptomatic oral lichen planus randomized single blind control study","volume":"24","author":"Revanappa","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ind Acad Oral Med Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2006.02.033","article-title":"Tacrolimus powder in Orabase 0.1% for the treatment of oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions: an open clinical trial","volume":"102","author":"Lozada-Nur","year":"2006","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2007.06.016","article-title":"Heat-shock protein expression and topical treatment with tacrolimus in oral lichen planus: an immunohistochemical study","volume":"37","author":"Tavassol","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Oral Max Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib26","first-page":"119","article-title":"The effect of pimecrolimus cream 1% compared with triamcinolone acetonide paste in treatment of atrophic-erosive oral lichen planus","volume":"27","author":"Pakfetrat","year":"2015","journal-title":"Iran J Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-962X.151692","article-title":"Relative efficacy of pimecrolimus cream and triamcinolone acetonide paste in the treatment of symptomatic oral lichen planus","volume":"6","author":"Arunkumar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2010.03923.x","article-title":"Pimecrolimus 1% cream for oral erosive lichen planus: a 6-week randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled study with a 6-week open-label extension to assess efficacy and safety","volume":"25","author":"McCaughey","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2008.08726.x","article-title":"Pimecrolimus cream 1% in erosive oral lichen planus\u2014a prospective randomized double-blind vehicle-controlled study","volume":"159","author":"Volz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2007.06.022","article-title":"Randomized trial of pimecrolimus cream versus triamcinolone acetonide paste in the treatment of oral lichen planus","volume":"57","author":"Gorouhi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.143.4.472","article-title":"Treatment of oral erosive lichen planus with 1% pimecrolimus cream: a double-blind, randomized, prospective trial with measurement of pimecrolimus levels in the blood","volume":"143","author":"Passeron","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2005.09.006","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized controlled trial to compare steroid with cyclosporine for the topical treatment of oral lichen planus","volume":"102","author":"Yoke","year":"2006","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2005.76.4.627","article-title":"The effectiveness of 1% pimecrolimus cream in the treatment of oral erosive lichen planus","volume":"76","author":"Swift","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Periodontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06920.x","article-title":"Cyclosporin vs. clobetasol in the topical management of atrophic and erosive oral lichen planus: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial","volume":"154","author":"Conrotto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/S0901-5027(96)80014-2","article-title":"Cyclosporin A mouthwash in the treatment of oral lichen planus","volume":"25","author":"Jungell","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199008023230502","article-title":"Effect of topical cyclosporine rinse on oral lichen planus: a double-blind analysis","volume":"323","author":"Eisen","year":"1990","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(05)80195-7","article-title":"Effectiveness of a low dose of cyclosporine in the management of patients with oral erosive lichen planus","volume":"80","author":"Harpenau","year":"1995","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2010.03.034","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized double-blind, positive-control trial of topical thalidomide in erosive oral lichen planus","volume":"110","author":"Wu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.13444","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of oral alitretinoin in severe oral lichen planus\u2013results of a prospective pilot study","volume":"30","author":"Kunz","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(92)90153-H","article-title":"Efficacy of etretinate (Tigason) in symptomatic oral lichen planus","volume":"73","author":"Gorsky","year":"1992","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(86)90288-4","article-title":"Treatment of oral erosive lichen planus with systemic isotretinoin","volume":"62","author":"Camisa","year":"1986","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(84)90054-9","article-title":"The treatment of erosive lichen planus with a retinoid\u2014etretinate","volume":"58","author":"Ferguson","year":"1984","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-007-0117-0","article-title":"Oral lichen planus treated with 13-cis-retinoic acid (isotretinoin): effects on the apoptotic process","volume":"11","author":"Piattelli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2005.05.003","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized trial assessing the effectiveness of different concentrations of isotretinoin in the management of lichen planus","volume":"35","author":"Scardina","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1986.01660170064021","article-title":"Topical application of isotretinoin gel improves oral lichen planus: a double-blind study","volume":"122","author":"Giustina","year":"1986","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1983.tb00359.x","article-title":"Severe oral lichen planus: remission and maintenance with vitamin A analogues","volume":"12","author":"Sloberg","year":"1983","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1979.04010060024021","article-title":"Topical tretinoin therapy and oral lichen planus","volume":"115","author":"Sloberg","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2007.05.003","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial of curcuminoids in oral lichen planus","volume":"14","author":"Chainani-Wu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2011.04.022","article-title":"High-dose curcuminoids are efficacious in the reduction in symptoms and signs of oral lichen planus","volume":"66","author":"Chainani-Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2011.11.005","article-title":"Use of curcuminoids in a cohort of patients with oral lichen planus, an autoimmune disease","volume":"19","author":"Chainani-Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2010.2876","article-title":"A\u00a0comparative pilot study of low intensity laser versus topical corticosteroids in the treatment of erosive-atrophic oral lichen planus","volume":"29","author":"Jajarm","year":"2011","journal-title":"Photomed Laser Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2012.06.001","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of low-level laser and CO(2) laser in treatment of patients with oral lichen planus","volume":"41","author":"Agha-Hosseini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2015.27.5.485","article-title":"Comparison of low-level laser therapy versus ozone therapy in the treatment of oral lichen planus","volume":"27","author":"Kazancioglu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68002","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.19.6.068002","article-title":"Efficacy of laser phototherapy in comparison to topical clobetasol for the treatment of oral lichen planus: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"19","author":"Dillenburg","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biomed Opt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2015.072","article-title":"A\u00a0comparative evaluation of low-level laser and topical steroid therapies for the treatment of erosive-atrophic lichen planus","volume":"3","author":"El-Shenawy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Open Access Macedon J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2008.04.011","article-title":"CO2 laser evaporation of oral lichen planus","volume":"37","author":"van der Hem","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2015.06.044","article-title":"Clinical trial analyzing the impact of continuous defocused CO 2 laser vaporisation on the malignant transformation of erosive oral lichen planus","volume":"43","author":"M\u00fccke","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0CranioMaxill Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-011-0910-5","article-title":"Different CO2 laser vaporization protocols for the therapy of oral precancerous lesions and precancerous conditions: a 10-year follow-up","volume":"27","author":"Deppe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Laser Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20016","article-title":"Treatment of erosive oral lichen planus by the 308 nm excimer laser","volume":"34","author":"Passeron","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2012.08.448","article-title":"Photodynamic treatment of oral lichen planus","volume":"115","author":"Kvaal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-012-1153-9","article-title":"Clinical assessment of the efficacy of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of oral lichen planus","volume":"28","author":"Sobaniec","year":"2013","journal-title":"Laser Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2012.00647.x","article-title":"Treatment of oral lichen planus with methylene blue mediated photodynamic therapy\u2014a clinical study","volume":"28","author":"Sadaksharam","year":"2012","journal-title":"Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.03.012","article-title":"Calcineurin inhibitors in oral medicine","volume":"61","author":"Al Johani","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.5114\/pdia.2013.35619","article-title":"Topical calcineurin inhibitors in dermatology. Part I: properties, method and effectiveness of drug use","volume":"30","author":"Gutfreund","year":"2013","journal-title":"Postepy Dermatol Alergol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563709","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/563709","article-title":"Clinical application of development of nonantibiotic macrolides that correct inflammation-driven immune dysfunction in inflammatory skin diseases","volume":"2012","author":"Rodriguez-Cerdeira","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mediat Inflamm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2000.80.4.1483","article-title":"Calcineurin: form and function","volume":"80","author":"Rusnak","year":"2000","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.06.026","article-title":"SnapShot: Ca2+-calcineurin-NFAT signaling","volume":"138","author":"Crabtree","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5785","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1390055","article-title":"Calcineurin inhibitors: 40 years later, can\u2019t live without\u2026","volume":"191","author":"Azzi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i29","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aer384","article-title":"Organ transplantation: historical perspective and current practice","volume":"108","author":"Watson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2007.11.004","article-title":"NF-\u03baB-dependent cytokines in saliva and serum from patients with oral lichen planus: a study in an ethnic Chinese population","volume":"41","author":"Zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2009.01608.x","article-title":"FOXP3 T regulatory cells in lesions of oral lichen planus correlated with disease activity","volume":"16","author":"Tao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib72","first-page":"466","article-title":"Long-term efficacy and safety of topical tacrolimus in the management of ulcerative\/erosive oral lichen planus","volume":"13","author":"Hodgson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib73","first-page":"917","article-title":"Oral lichen planus treated with tacrolimus 0.1%","volume":"6","author":"Resende","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12128","article-title":"Pimecrolimus vs. tacrolimus for the topical treatment of unresponsive oral erosive lichen planus: a 8 week randomized double-blind controlled study","volume":"28","author":"Arduino","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib75","first-page":"235","article-title":"Topical tacrolimus in erosive oral lichen planus: an effective treatment approach","volume":"4","author":"Eckardt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Oral Biosci Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1999.02672.x","article-title":"Erosive mucosal lichen planus: response to topical treatment with tacrolimus","volume":"140","author":"Vente","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1177\/120347540500900201","article-title":"Refractory erosive oral lichen planus associated with hepatitis C: response to topical tacrolimus ointment","volume":"9","author":"Donovan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cutan Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib78","first-page":"419","article-title":"Successful treatment of erosive lichen planus with topical tacrolimus","volume":"137","author":"Lener","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2005.01338.x","article-title":"Successful treatment of severe recalcitrant erosive oral lichen planus with topical tacrolimus","volume":"20","author":"Shichinohe","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib80","first-page":"E462","article-title":"Topic tacrolimus, alternative treatment for oral erosive lichen planus resistant to steroids: a case report","volume":"11","author":"Riano","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2002.119648","article-title":"Topical tacrolimus in the treatment of symptomatic oral lichen planus: a series of 13 patients","volume":"46","author":"Rozycki","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.138.10.1335","article-title":"Treatment of chronic erosive oral lichen planus with low concentrations of topical tacrolimus: an open prospective study","volume":"138","author":"Olivier","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2002.120535","article-title":"Management of recalcitrant ulcerative oral lichen planus with topical tacrolimus","volume":"46","author":"Kaliakatsou","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1159\/000083516","article-title":"Mucosal pigmentation after oral lichen planus treatment with topical tacrolimus","volume":"210","author":"Fricain","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(03)02479-4","article-title":"Mucosal staining after using topical tacrolimus to treat erosive oral lichen planus","volume":"50","author":"Shen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1517\/17425255.2013.819343","article-title":"Pimecrolimus, a topical calcineurin inhibitor used in the treatment of atopic eczema","volume":"9","author":"Prucha","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2011.01099.x","article-title":"Topical pimecrolimus effect on Fas inducing apoptosis in oral lichen planus: a clinical immunohistochemical study","volume":"41","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0007-0963.2004.05884.x","article-title":"Pimecrolimus in an adhesive ointment as a new treatment option for oral lichen planus","volume":"150","author":"Dissemond","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0007-0963.2004.05875.x","article-title":"Treatment of oral lichen planus with topical pimecrolimus 1% cream","volume":"150","author":"Esquivel-Pedraza","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2009.00830.x","article-title":"Topical tacrolimus and pimecrolimus in the treatment of oral lichen planus: an update","volume":"39","author":"Lopez-Jornet","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-013-0020-1","article-title":"Topical calcineurin inhibitors and lymphoma risk: evidence update with implications for daily practice","volume":"14","author":"Siegfried","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10363.x","article-title":"Evaluation of cancer risk related to atopic dermatitis and use of topical calcineurin inhibitors","volume":"165","author":"Tennis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2006.01.054","article-title":"The use of topical calcineurin inhibitors in dermatology: safety concerns. Report of the American Academy of Dermatology Association Task Force","volume":"54","author":"Berger","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2010.02.030","article-title":"Squamous cell carcinoma in a patient with oral lichen planus treated with topical application of tacrolimus","volume":"110","author":"Mattsson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-6-7","article-title":"The carcinogenic potential of tacrolimus ointment beyond immune suppression: a hypothesis creating case report","volume":"6","author":"Becker","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2011.06.005","article-title":"A\u00a0new classification for potentially malignant disorders of the oral cavity","volume":"47","author":"Sarode","year":"2011","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e3182590d8f","article-title":"In\u00a0vitro effects of cyclosporine A and tacrolimus on regulatory T-cell proliferation and function","volume":"94","author":"Miroux","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2012.07.045","article-title":"The molecular mechanisms of the effect of dexamethasone and cyclosporin A on TLR4\/NF-kappaB signaling pathway activation in oral lichen planus","volume":"508","author":"Ge","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2000.00863.x","article-title":"Corticosteroid-resistant erosive oral lichen planus successfully treated with topical cyclosporine therapy","volume":"39","author":"Demitsu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(96)80198-3","article-title":"Topical cyclosporine in a bioadhesive for treatment of oral lichenoid mucosal reactions: an open label clinical trial","volume":"82","author":"Epstein","year":"1996","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(94)90034-5","article-title":"Cyclosporin A in an adhesive base for treatment of recalcitrant oral lichen planus. An open trial","volume":"78","author":"Voute","year":"1994","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2007.00510.x","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized-controlled trial to compare topical cyclosporin with triamcinolone acetonide for the treatment of oral lichen planus","volume":"36","author":"Thongprasom","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2014.01.001","article-title":"Rapamycin: one drug, many effects","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2012.01152.x","article-title":"mTOR, metabolism, and the regulation of T-cell differentiation and function","volume":"249","author":"Waickman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1159\/000172830","article-title":"Treatment of refractory oral erosive lichen planus with topical rapamycin: 7 cases","volume":"218","author":"Soria","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403280","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/403280","article-title":"Systemic and nonrenal adverse effects occurring in renal transplant patients treated with mTOR inhibitors","volume":"2013","author":"Zaza","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Dev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib107","first-page":"845438","article-title":"The role of mTOR inhibitors in liver transplantation: reviewing the evidence","volume":"2014","author":"Klintmalm","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2011.01029.x","article-title":"Biologics, an alternative therapeutic approach for oral lichen planus","volume":"40","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2014.09.006","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors: clinical utility in autoimmune diseases","volume":"165","author":"Willrich","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transl Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.2165\/00128071-200708020-00010","article-title":"Etanercept for the management of oral lichen planus","volume":"8","author":"Yarom","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1517\/14740338.2012.633509","article-title":"Etanercept: efficacy and safety for approved indications","volume":"11","author":"Kerensky","year":"2012","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.65.2.232-260.2001","article-title":"Tetracycline antibiotics: mode of action, applications, molecular biology, and epidemiology of bacterial resistance","volume":"65","author":"Chopra","year":"2001","journal-title":"Microbiol Mol Biol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1517\/14728214.2011.528390","article-title":"Topical immunomodulators for management of oral mucosal conditions, a systematic review; Part II: miscellaneous agents","volume":"16","author":"Elad","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Opin Emerg Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.135.1.92","article-title":"Topical tetracycline treatment of erosive oral lichen planus","volume":"135","author":"Walchner","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02108.x","article-title":"Tetracycline and other tetracycline-derivative staining of the teeth and oral cavity","volume":"43","author":"S\u00e1nchez","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06747.x","article-title":"Thalidomide: dermatological indications, mechanisms of action and side-effects","volume":"153","author":"Wu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2015.01.002","article-title":"Review of thalidomide use in the pediatric population","volume":"72","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.136.12.1442","article-title":"Effective treatment of oral erosive lichen planus with thalidomide","volume":"136","author":"Camisa","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16308-3","article-title":"Thalidomide","volume":"363","author":"Franks","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2008.08.049","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil in dermatology","volume":"60","author":"Orvis","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib121","first-page":"353","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil\u2014a new atheropreventive drug?","volume":"71","author":"Olejarz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Pol Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.01832.x","article-title":"Successful treatment of oral erosive lichen planus with mycophenolate mofetil","volume":"21","author":"Dalmau","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2012.10882.x","article-title":"Efficacy of mycophenolate mofetil in severe mucocutaneous lichen planus: a retrospective review of 10 patients","volume":"167","author":"Wee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1159\/000346750","article-title":"Topical retinoids in oral lichen planus treatment: an overview","volume":"226","author":"Petruzzi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.120721","article-title":"Acitretin in dermatology","volume":"79","author":"Sarkar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-0960.2011.00818.x","article-title":"Oral erosive lichen planus associated with thymoma treated with etretinate","volume":"54","author":"Miyagaki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Australas J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2010.09755.x","article-title":"British Association of Dermatologists guidelines on the efficacy and use of acitretin in dermatology","volume":"162","author":"Ormerod","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248-012-9432-8","article-title":"Therapeutic roles of curcumin: lessons learned from clinical trials","volume":"15","author":"Gupta","year":"2013","journal-title":"AAPS J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-4598-10-12","article-title":"Curcumin: a review of anti-cancer properties and therapeutic activity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"10","author":"Wilken","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib130","first-page":"251","article-title":"Possible action mechanism for curcumin in pre-cancerous lesions based on serum and salivary markers of oxidative stress","volume":"52","author":"Rai","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib131","first-page":"96","article-title":"The magic of herbal curcumin therapy in recurrent oral lichen planus","volume":"1","author":"Prasad","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Ethnomed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2012.12.062","article-title":"Recent advances in natural products from plants for treatment of liver diseases","volume":"63","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.2362","article-title":"Review of pharmacological effects of Glycyrrhiza sp. and its bioactive compounds","volume":"22","author":"Asl","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phytother Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02347618","article-title":"Effectiveness of glycyrrhizin for oral lichen planus in patients with chronic HCV infection","volume":"31","author":"Nagao","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378219","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/378219","article-title":"Total glucosides of paeony capsule plus compound glycyrrhizin tablets for the treatment of severe alopecia areata in children: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"2013","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Evid-Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-013-1313-6","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of the efficiency of low-level laser therapy for oral lichen planus: a prospective case series","volume":"29","author":"Cafaro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2009.2655","article-title":"Effect of low-level laser irradiation on unresponsive oral lichen planus: early preliminary results in 13 patients","volume":"28","author":"Cafaro","year":"2010","journal-title":"Photomed Laser Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-3284-4-17","article-title":"CO2 lasers in the management of potentially malignant and malignant oral disorders","volume":"4","author":"Jerjes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Head Neck Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1007\/s12663-013-0519-2","article-title":"Excision of oral leukoplakia by CO2 lasers versus traditional scalpel: a comparative study","volume":"13","author":"Tambuwala","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Maxillofac Oral Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1590\/S0103-64402011000600014","article-title":"Removal of oral lichen planus by CO2 laser","volume":"22","author":"Magalhaes-Junior","year":"2011","journal-title":"Braz Dent J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib141","first-page":"595","article-title":"Removal of refractory erosive-atrophic lichen planus by the CO2 laser","volume":"13","author":"Pakfetrat","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oral Health Dent Manag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1089\/clm.1992.10.445","article-title":"A\u00a0clinical investigation of the management of oral lichen planus with CO2 laser surgery","volume":"10","author":"Loh","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2011.3116","article-title":"New clinical approach for use of Er: YAG laser in the surgical treatment of oral lichen planus: a report of two cases","volume":"30","author":"Fornaini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Photomed Laser Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2009.01434.x","article-title":"Fractionated laser skin resurfacing treatment complications: a review","volume":"36","author":"Metelitsa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-012-1185-1","article-title":"Effectiveness of a 308-nm excimer laser in treatment of vitiligo: a review","volume":"28","author":"Alhowaish","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2012.11008.x","article-title":"A\u00a0review of monochromatic excimer light in vitiligo","volume":"167","author":"Park","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.10202","article-title":"Treatment of oral lichen planus with the 308-nm UVB excimer laser\u2014early preliminary results in eight patients","volume":"33","author":"Kollner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.140.4.415","article-title":"Low-dose excimer 308-nm laser for the treatment of oral lichen planus","volume":"140","author":"Trehan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.20114","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy of cancer: an update","volume":"61","author":"Agostinis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer J Clinicians"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20278","article-title":"Methylene blue-mediated photodynamic therapy: a possible alternative treatment for oral lichen planus","volume":"38","author":"Aghahosseini","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6414","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms14036414","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of UV-induced apoptosis and its effects on skin residential cells: the implication in UV-based phototherapy","volume":"14","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(05)80094-0","article-title":"Photochemotherapy of oral lichen planus: a controlled study","volume":"79","author":"Lundquist","year":"1995","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12466","article-title":"Efficacy of bath psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA) vs. system PUVA in psoriasis: a prospective, open, randomized, multicentre study","volume":"169","author":"Berneburg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2011.04.004","article-title":"The risk of squamous cell and basal cell cancer associated with psoralen and ultraviolet A therapy: a 30-year prospective study","volume":"66","author":"Stern","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1039\/C2PP25144B","article-title":"Photopheresis (extracorporeal photochemotherapy)","volume":"12","author":"Trautinger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Photochem Photobiol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2009.12.011","article-title":"The molecular and clinical rationale of extracorporeal photochemotherapy in autoimmune diseases, malignancies and transplantation","volume":"9","author":"Szodoray","year":"2010","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.02.039","article-title":"Extracorporeal photopheresis: past, present, and future","volume":"61","author":"Knobler","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2006.07647.x","article-title":"Treatment of refractory erosive oral lichen planus with extracorporeal photochemotherapy: 12 cases","volume":"156","author":"Guyot","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2011.07.011","article-title":"A\u00a0review of targeted ultraviolet B phototherapy for psoriasis","volume":"66","author":"Mudigonda","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.12441","article-title":"Targeted ultraviolet B phototherapy: definition, clinical indications and limitations","volume":"40","author":"Alshiyab","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2011.04.017","article-title":"Treatment of erosive oral lichen planus with local ultraviolet B phototherapy","volume":"66","author":"Kassem","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1111\/php.12140","article-title":"UV radiation increases carcinogenic risks for oral tissues compared to skin","volume":"89","author":"Agrawal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Photochem Photobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.revmed.2009.12.010","article-title":"Oral erosive lichen planus associated with Good syndrome","volume":"31","author":"Blanchard","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rev Med Intern"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2001.01344.x","article-title":"Oral erosive lichen planus associated with thymoma","volume":"40","author":"Calista","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2006.08.024","article-title":"Oral erosive lichen planus regression after thymoma resection","volume":"83","author":"Bobbio","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s12070-014-0768-5","article-title":"Isolated lichen planus of lower lip: a case report","volume":"67","author":"Samal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib167","first-page":"1","article-title":"A\u00a0case of recalcitrant oral lichen planus","volume":"5","author":"Hadiuzzaman","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dent Oral Hygiene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-2391(86)80103-3","article-title":"Erosive lichen planus of the tongue treated by cryosurgery","volume":"44","author":"Loitz","year":"1986","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Maxil Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002_bib169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2007.00482.x","article-title":"Treatment of gingival lichen with free palatal grafts","volume":"36","author":"Axell","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Pathol Med"}],"container-title":["Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2212440316000523?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2212440316000523?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]],"date-time":"2024-06-14T10:40:16Z","timestamp":1718361616000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2212440316000523"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"references-count":169,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S2212440316000523"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["2212-4403"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2212-4403","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Possible alternative therapies for oral lichen planus cases refractory to steroid therapies","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}