{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T10:54:00Z","timestamp":1791975240084,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","oooojournal.net","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,10]],"date-time":"2022-01-10T05:12:49Z","timestamp":1641791569000},"page":"530-538","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Is saliva collected passively without forceful coughing sensitive to detect SARS-CoV-2 in ambulatory cases? A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"133","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5590-2130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Azadeh","family":"Ahmadieh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sibel","family":"Dincer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2635-3595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahvash","family":"Navazesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0001","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. COVID data tracker. Available at: https:\/\/covid.cdc.gov\/covid-data-tracker\/#cases_casesper100klast7days. Accessed August 1, 2021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0002","unstructured":"American Dental Association. Return to work interim guidance toolkit. Available at: https:\/\/pages.ada.org\/return-towork-toolkit-american-dental-association?utm_campaign=covid-19-Return-to-WorkToolkit&utm_source=cpsorg-alert-bar&utm_medium= cpsalertbar-virus&utm_content=covid-19-interimreturn-to-work. Accessed November 16, 2020."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0003","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. COVID-19: Guidance for dental settings\u2014interim infection prevention and control guidance for dental settings during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Available at: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-ncov\/hcp\/dental-settings.html. Accessed November 16, 2020."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb5793","article-title":"Projecting the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 through the postpandemic period","volume":"368","author":"Kissler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2020.09.005","article-title":"Estimating COVID-19 prevalence and infection control practices among US dentists","volume":"151","author":"Estrich","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2021.01.006","article-title":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in asymptomatic pediatric dental patients","volume":"152","author":"Lamberghini","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345211004849","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 Positivity in asymptomatic-screened dental patients","volume":"100","author":"Conway","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2021.02.009","article-title":"What is the rate of COVID-19 infection in a population seeking oral health care?","volume":"152","author":"Palla","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2021.04.019","article-title":"Testing for COVID-19 in dental offices: mechanism of action, application, and interpretation of laboratory and point-of-care screening tests","volume":"152","author":"Shirazi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0010","series-title":"Evaluation, and Treatment of Coronavirus (COVID-19)","author":"Cascella","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0011","article-title":"The diagnostic accuracy of saliva testing for SARS-CoV-2: A systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Atieh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-6569","article-title":"The sensitivity and costs of testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection with saliva versus nasopharyngeal swabs: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"174","author":"Bastos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-020-01574-5","article-title":"Global concerns of dental and oral health workers during COVID-19 outbreak: a scope study on the concerns and the coping strategies","volume":"10","author":"Bastani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2939","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa797","article-title":"Posterior Oropharyngeal Saliva for the Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","volume":"71","author":"Wong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01946-20","article-title":"A direct comparison of enhanced saliva to nasopharyngeal swab for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in symptomatic patients","volume":"58","author":"Procop","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.06.042","article-title":"Rapid Salivary Test suitable for a mass screening program to detect SARS-CoV-2: a diagnostic accuracy study","volume":"81","author":"Azzi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e352","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1156","article-title":"Comparing nasopharyngeal swab and early morning saliva for the identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","volume":"72","author":"Rao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2020.8876","article-title":"Comparison of saliva and nasopharyngeal swab nucleic acid amplification testing for detection of SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"181","author":"Butler-Laporte","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0253007","article-title":"Screening for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR: saliva or nasopharyngeal swab? Rapid review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Ibrahimi","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11020363","article-title":"Diagnosis of SARS-Cov-2 Infection by RT-PCR using specimens other than naso- and oropharyngeal swabs: a systematic review and meta-Analysis","volume":"11","author":"Moreira","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jds.2021.01.010","article-title":"Comparing saliva and nasopharyngeal swab specimens in the detection of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Nasiri","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Dent Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00146-8","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of different sampling approaches for SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Tsang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2021.03.008","article-title":"Are saliva and deep throat sputum as reliable as common respiratory specimens for SARS-CoV-2 detection? A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Khiabani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2021.01.028","article-title":"Saliva sample for the massive screening of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review","volume":"131","author":"Ca\u00f1ete","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e526","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.24424","article-title":"Evaluation of saliva as a complementary technique to the diagnosis of COVID-19: a systematic review","volume":"26","author":"Sagredo-Olivares","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02881-20","article-title":"Performance of saliva, oropharyngeal swabs, and nasal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 molecular detection: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"59","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00009","article-title":"QUADAS-2: A revised tool for the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies","volume":"155","author":"Whiting","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.35772\/ghm.2020.01109","article-title":"Effective screening strategies for detection of asymptomatic COVID-19 travelers at airport quarantine stations: exploratory findings in Japan","volume":"3","author":"Norizuki","year":"2021","journal-title":"Glob Health Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10020299","article-title":"Self-collection of saliva specimens as a suitable alternative to nasopharyngeal swabs for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-qPCR","volume":"10","author":"Trobajo-Sanmart\u00edn","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.03033-20","article-title":"Performance of saliva specimens for the molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the community setting: does sample collection method matter?","volume":"59","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.3390\/v12111314","article-title":"Detection of SARS- CoV-2 from saliva as compared to nasopharyngeal swabs in outpatients","volume":"12","author":"Kandel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2020.104580","article-title":"Saliva sampling for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infections in symptomatic patients and asymptomatic carriers","volume":"130","author":"Migueres","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2020.08.001","article-title":"Saliva is a reliable, non-invasive specimen for SARS-CoV-2 detection","volume":"24","author":"Vaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Braz J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2020.104567","article-title":"Challenges in use of saliva for detection of SARS CoV-2 RNA in symptomatic outpatients","volume":"130","author":"Landry","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"issue":"59","key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0036","first-page":"e01418","article-title":"Evaluation of specimen types and saliva stabilization solutions for SARSCoV-2 testing","volume":"20","author":"Griesemer","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-02760210018","article-title":"Comparison of viral load between saliva and nasopharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV2: the role of days of symptoms onset on diagnosis","volume":"116","author":"Justo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e559","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1388","article-title":"Mass screening of asymptomatic persons for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 using saliva","volume":"73","author":"Yokota","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(21)00178-8","article-title":"Saliva as a gold-standard sample for SARS-CoV-2 detection","volume":"9","author":"Tan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2016359","article-title":"Saliva or nasopharyngeal swab specimens for detection of SARS-CoV-2","volume":"383","author":"Wyllie","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00776-20","article-title":"Saliva as a noninvasive specimen for detection of SARS-CoV-2","volume":"58","author":"Williams","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.07.015","article-title":"Non-invasive saliva specimens for the diagnosis of COVID-19: caution in mild outpatient cohorts with low prevalence","volume":"26","author":"Skolimowska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.105380","article-title":"Saliva sampling for chasing SARS-CoV-2: a game-changing strategy","volume":"165","author":"Borghi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.11.015","article-title":"Comparison of saliva and nasopharyngeal swab SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR testing in a community setting","volume":"82","author":"Torres","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-4738","article-title":"Salivary detection of COVID-19","volume":"174","author":"Caulley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13365","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2: what can saliva tell us?","volume":"27","author":"Henrique Braz-Silva","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4661","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-020-03630-9","article-title":"Clinical status determines the efficacy of salivary and nasopharyngeal samples for detection of SARS-CoV-2","volume":"24","author":"Sarode","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M\u00f6st J, Eigentler A, Orth-H\u00f6ller D. Pooled saliva samples as an approach to reduce the spread of infections with SARS-CoV-2. 2021;49:797-798.","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-021-01593-x"}],"container-title":["Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2212440322000025?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2212440322000025?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T22:11:23Z","timestamp":1761948683000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2212440322000025"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S2212440322000025"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["2212-4403"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2212-4403","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Is saliva collected passively without forceful coughing sensitive to detect SARS-CoV-2 in ambulatory cases? A systematic review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.01.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}