{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:48:21Z","timestamp":1790815701656,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","oooojournal.net","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,22]],"date-time":"2023-06-22T20:42:11Z","timestamp":1687466531000},"page":"649-655","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Influence of binarization methods on the fractal dimension of alveolar bone using digital radiographs"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1292-3852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolly","family":"Oliveira-Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aline Gabrieli","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"Ga\u00eata-Araujo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8054-8759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matheus L.","family":"Oliveira's","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco Carlos","family":"Groppo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.20150400","article-title":"Dental panoramic indices and fractal dimension measurements in osteogenesis imperfecta children under pamidronate treatment","volume":"45","author":"Apolin\u00e1rio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr\/24986192","article-title":"Application of fractal analysis in hyperparathyroidism","volume":"38","author":"Erg\u00fcn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.11.005","article-title":"Assessment of the trabecular structure of mandibular condyles in patients with temporomandibular disorders using fractal analysis","volume":"123","author":"Arsan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.5624\/isd.20210160","article-title":"Structural complexity of the craniofacial trabecular bone in multiple myeloma assessed by fractal analysis","volume":"52","author":"Michels","year":"2022","journal-title":"Imaging Sci Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1038\/sj\/dmfr\/4600524","article-title":"Fractal properties of bone","volume":"29","author":"Geraets","year":"2000","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0006","first-page":"110","article-title":"The fractal dimension correlated to the bone mineral density","volume":"4","author":"Harrar","year":"2008","journal-title":"WSEAS Trans Signal Process"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-012-0882-2","article-title":"Relationship between bone mineral density and trabecular bone pattern in postmenopausal osteoporotic Brazilian women","volume":"17","author":"Oliveira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2012.10.016","article-title":"Pixel intensity and fractal dimension of periapical lesions visually indiscernible in radiographs","volume":"39","author":"So\u011fur","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2019.06.011","article-title":"Influence of phosphor plate-based radiographic image specifications on fractal analysis of alveolar bone","volume":"128","author":"Oliveira-Santos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0010","first-page":"8","article-title":"Binarization techniques used for grey scale images","volume":"71","author":"Puneet","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Comput Appl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5121\/cseij.2016.6101","article-title":"Image segmentation by using threshoulding techniques for medical images","volume":"6","author":"Senthilkumaran","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comput Sci Enginnering An Int J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1631315","article-title":"Survey over image thresholding techniques and quantitative performance evaluation","volume":"13","author":"Sezgin","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Electron Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-011-0639-3","article-title":"Image resolution and exposure time of digital radiographs affects fractal dimension of periapical bone","volume":"16","author":"Baksi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012","article-title":"A Guideline of Selecting and Reporting Intraclass Correlation Coefficients for Reliability Research","volume":"15","author":"Koo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Chiropr Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.20150078","article-title":"Effect of exposure parameters and voxel size on bone structure analysis in CBCT","volume":"44","author":"Pauwels","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofacial Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.20180457","article-title":"Use of fractal analysis in dental images: a systematic review","volume":"49","author":"Kato","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofacial Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.13040","article-title":"Application of fractal dimension for quantifying noise texture in computed tomography images","author":"Khobragade","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1177\/25.7.70454","article-title":"Automatic measurement of sister chromatid exchange frequency","volume":"25","author":"Zack","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/0734-189X(85)90125-2","article-title":"A new method for gray-level picture thresholding using the entropy of the histogram","volume":"29","author":"Kapur","year":"1985","journal-title":"Comput Vis Graph Image Process"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1109\/83.366472","article-title":"A new criterion for automatic multilevel thresholding","volume":"4","author":"Yen","year":"1995","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Image Process"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.70.834.9227251","article-title":"Assessing the degree of osteoporosis in the axial skeleton using the dependence of the fractal dimension on the grey level threshold","volume":"70","author":"Haidekker","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14758","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-94333-y","article-title":"The impact of different thresholds on optical coherence tomography angiography images binarization and quantitative metrics","volume":"11","author":"Arrigo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.20190235","article-title":"Effect of micro-computed tomography reconstruction protocols on bone fractal dimension analysis","volume":"48","author":"Ga\u00eata-Araujo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofacial Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr\/97652136","article-title":"The differences in panoramic mandibular indices and fractal dimension between patients with and without spinal osteoporosis","volume":"35","author":"Ya\u015far","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"}],"container-title":["Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2212440323005187?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2212440323005187?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T22:16:52Z","timestamp":1761949012000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2212440323005187"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S2212440323005187"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["2212-4403"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2212-4403","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Influence of binarization methods on the fractal dimension of alveolar bone using digital radiographs","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.06.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}