{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T11:50:38Z","timestamp":1778759438680,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,1]],"date-time":"2007-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1193875200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,8]],"date-time":"2007-08-08T11:20:09Z","timestamp":1186572009000},"page":"e27-e32","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A Concise History of Ophthalmic Blastomycosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Brett","family":"Pariseau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark J.","family":"Lucarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard E.","family":"Appen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib1","first-page":"496","article-title":"Protozoan dermatitis","volume":"12","author":"Gilchrist","year":"1894","journal-title":"J Cutan Genitourin Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib2","first-page":"269","article-title":"A case of blastomycetic dermatitis in man","volume":"1","author":"Gilchrist","year":"1896","journal-title":"Johns Hopkins Hosp Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1908.00050060004001","article-title":"Systemic blastomycosis: its etiologic, pathologic and clinical features as established by a critical survey and summary of twenty-two cases, seven previously unpublished; the relation of blastomycosis to coccidioidal granuloma","volume":"2","author":"Montgomery","year":"1908","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib4","first-page":"44","article-title":"A report of two cases of blastomycosis of the skin in man, with a survey of the literature of human blastomycosis; with pathological report of the two cases","volume":"19","author":"Hyde","year":"1901","journal-title":"J Cutan Genitourin Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib5","first-page":"373","article-title":"Oidiomycosis (blastomycosis) of the skin and its fungi","volume":"6","author":"Ricketts","year":"1901","journal-title":"J Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib6","first-page":"1486","article-title":"A brief summary of the clinical, pathologic and bacteriologic features of cutaneous blastomycosis (blastomycetic dermatitis, of Gilchrist), from the observations of Dr","volume":"38","author":"Hyde","year":"1902","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1907.25320130005001a","article-title":"Systemic blastomycosis and coccidioidal granuloma","volume":"49","author":"Hektoen","year":"1907","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1930.00810050053004","article-title":"Blastomycosis of the eye","volume":"3","author":"McKee","year":"1930","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib9","first-page":"175","article-title":"Uber parasitare Zelleinschlusse und ihre Zuchtung","volume":"16","author":"Busse","year":"1894","journal-title":"Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib10","first-page":"659","article-title":"Blastomycosis","volume":"89","author":"Kaplan","year":"1964","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib11","first-page":"275","article-title":"Blastomycosis I","volume":"39","author":"Martin","year":"1939","journal-title":"Am Rev Tuberc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib12","first-page":"111","article-title":"Clinical and histopathological consideration on a case of blastomycosis of the eye and face","volume":"12","author":"Pichette","year":"1949","journal-title":"Trans Can Ophthalmolog Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(50)90446-6","article-title":"Blastomycosis of the conjunctiva","volume":"33","author":"Theodorides","year":"1950","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(53)92182-5","article-title":"Blastomycosis of the conjunctiva: report of two additional cases","volume":"36","author":"Theodorides","year":"1953","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib15","first-page":"92","article-title":"Blastomycosis of the ocular structures, especially of the eyelids","volume":"13","author":"Wood","year":"1904","journal-title":"Ann Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1915.02580010031009","article-title":"Blastomycosis of the eyelids with report of cases","volume":"65","author":"Jackson","year":"1915","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib17","first-page":"426","article-title":"A resume of the six cases of blastomycetic infection of eyelids reported in Memphis","volume":"13","author":"Fagin","year":"1915","journal-title":"Ophthalmoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib18","first-page":"50","article-title":"Blastomycosis of the cornea, with a review of reported cases of blastomycosis of the eye","volume":"3","author":"McKee","year":"1926","journal-title":"Int Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1931.00820040077005","article-title":"Intra-ocular blastomycosis","volume":"5","author":"Schwartz","year":"1931","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1952.01700030362011","article-title":"Ocular aspects of mycotic infection","volume":"47","author":"Birge","year":"1952","journal-title":"AMA Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib21","first-page":"188","article-title":"Oculomycoses","author":"Francois","year":"1972"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(74)90680-1","article-title":"Systemic North American blastomycosis with orbital involvement","volume":"77","author":"Vida","year":"1974","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib23","first-page":"1183","article-title":"Presumed blastomycosis endophthalmitis","volume":"14","author":"Bond","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ann Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1986.01050130106032","article-title":"Blastomycosis of the eyelid","volume":"104","author":"Barr","year":"1986","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib25","first-page":"11.29","article-title":"Endogenous fungal endophthalmitis","volume":"Vol. 3","author":"Brod","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(95)30760-9","article-title":"Blastomycosis of the eyelid","volume":"102","author":"Bartley","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(96)38053-6","article-title":"Blastomycosis of the eyelid","volume":"103","author":"Mohney","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1914.00070100061003","article-title":"A case of systemic blastomycosis","volume":"13","author":"Churchill","year":"1914","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(63)91304-7","article-title":"Mycology of the eye: a review","volume":"56","author":"Suie","year":"1963","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(98)98030-7","article-title":"Unilateral Blastomyces dermatitidis endophthalmitis and orbital cellulitis: a case report and literature review","volume":"105","author":"Li","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1159\/000333527","article-title":"Cutaneous blastomycosis: report of a case with diagnosis by fine needle aspiration cytology","volume":"41","author":"Desai","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1752","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.107.6.1752","article-title":"Pneumonia and infraorbital abscess in a 29-year-old diabetic pregnant woman","volume":"107","author":"Chakravarty","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-199515030-00010","article-title":"Choroidal blastomycosis: a report of two cases","volume":"15","author":"Gottlieb","year":"1995","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/18.5.805","article-title":"Intraocular blastomycosis: case report and review","volume":"18","author":"Lopez","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)71415-1","article-title":"Subconjunctival miconazole and anterior segment blastomycosis","volume":"116","author":"Mason","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1097\/00002341-199206000-00011","article-title":"Blastomycosis of the eyelid and conjunctiva","volume":"8","author":"Slack","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(90)32604-0","article-title":"Endophthalmitis due to Blastomyces dermatitidis: case report and review of the literature","volume":"97","author":"Safneck","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1988.01060130573040","article-title":"Latent disseminated blastomycosis with choroidal involvement","volume":"106","author":"Lewis","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-6257(85)90114-6","article-title":"The diagnostic value of fungal autofluorescence","volume":"29","author":"Margo","year":"1985","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(74)90024-5","article-title":"The black dot sign and North American cutaneous blastomycosis","volume":"78","author":"Bongiorno","year":"1974","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(73)90882-9","article-title":"Exogenous mycotic keratitis caused by Blastomyces dermatitidis","volume":"75","author":"Rodrigues","year":"1973","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1164\/arrd.1969.100.3.314","article-title":"The treatment of North American blastomycosis: ten years\u2019 experience","volume":"100","author":"Lockwood","year":"1969","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1967.00980020219012","article-title":"Endogenous mycotic panophthalmitis caused by Blastomyces dermatitidis: report of a case and a review of the literature","volume":"77","author":"Font","year":"1967","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1958.00940040165019","article-title":"Cicatricial ectropion caused by cutaneous blastomycosis","volume":"59","author":"Blodi","year":"1958","journal-title":"AMA Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1955.00930020608015","article-title":"Miliary blastomycosis with metastatic spread to posterior uvea of both eyes","volume":"54","author":"Sinskey","year":"1955","journal-title":"AMA Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1946.00890200089002","article-title":"Uveal blastomycosis","volume":"35","author":"Cassady","year":"1946","journal-title":"AMA Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib47","first-page":"488","article-title":"Blastomycosis II","volume":"39","author":"Martin","year":"1939","journal-title":"Am Rev Tuberc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib48","first-page":"590","article-title":"Blastomycosis: report of a case dying from abscess of the brain","volume":"31","author":"Moore","year":"1920","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2026","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1904.92500270002g","article-title":"Blastomycosis of the eyelid","volume":"43","author":"Wilder","year":"1904","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib50","first-page":"100","article-title":"A case of blastomycetic dermatitis\u2014clinically and histologically, an epithelioma","volume":"6","author":"Coates","year":"1900","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048_bib51","first-page":"129","article-title":"The presence of an oidium in the tissues of a case of pseudo-lupus vulgaris","volume":"7","author":"Gilchrist","year":"1896","journal-title":"Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642007006653?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642007006653?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,5]],"date-time":"2019-01-05T09:59:47Z","timestamp":1546682387000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0161642007006653"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0161642007006653"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.05.048","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-6420"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-6420","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]}}}