{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T05:46:58Z","timestamp":1789192018255,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,1]],"date-time":"2009-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1246406400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,1]],"date-time":"2009-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1246406400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aaojournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,31]],"date-time":"2009-05-31T04:35:55Z","timestamp":1243744555000},"page":"1250-1256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Silent Cerebral Infarct and Visual Field Progression in Newly Diagnosed Normal-Tension Glaucoma"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"116","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct00321386","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"given":"Dexter Y.L.","family":"Leung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clement C.Y.","family":"Tham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix C.H.","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yolanda Y.Y.","family":"Kwong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanley C.C.","family":"Chi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis S.C.","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000068408.82115.D2","article-title":"Silent brain infarcts and white matter lesions increase stroke risk in general population: the Rotterdam Scan Study","volume":"34","author":"Vermeer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.20.7.850","article-title":"Prevalence of silent stroke in patients presenting with initial stroke: the Framingham Study","volume":"20","author":"Kase","year":"1989","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.26.3.380","article-title":"Silent cerebral infarction in a community-based autopsy series in Japan: the Hisayama Study","volume":"26","author":"Shinkawa","year":"1995","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2929","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.516575","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of silent cerebral infarcts in the Framingham Offspring Study","volume":"39","author":"Das","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.24.5.647","article-title":"Silent brain infarctions in patients with first-ever stroke: a community-based study in Umbria, Italy","volume":"24","author":"Ricci","year":"1993","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2074","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.58.12.2074","article-title":"Patterns on cranial magnetic resonance imaging in elderly people and vascular disease outcomes [letter]","volume":"58","author":"Longstreth","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.1.67","article-title":"Cerebral white matter lesions, retinopathy, and incident clinical stroke","volume":"288","author":"Wong","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2006.11.003","article-title":"Retinopathy as an indicator of silent brain infarction in asymptomatic hypertensive subjects","volume":"252","author":"Kwon","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-004-0072-0","article-title":"Visual field damage in normal-tension glaucoma patients with or without ischemic changes in cerebral magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"48","author":"Suzuki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Jpn J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1995.01100020050027","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging in patients with low-tension glaucoma","volume":"113","author":"Stroman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2068","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh542","article-title":"Infarcts in the posterior circulation territory in migraine: the population-based MRI CAMERA study","volume":"128","author":"Kruit","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjhyper.2005.05.032","article-title":"Nocturnal hypoxia is associated with silent cerebrovascular disease in a high-risk Japanese community-dwelling population","volume":"18","author":"Eguchi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)00525-4","article-title":"High prevalence of glaucoma in patients with sleep apnea syndrome","volume":"106","author":"Mojon","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ijg.0000243472.51461.24","article-title":"Prevalence of normal tension glaucoma in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients","volume":"16","author":"Sergi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib15","first-page":"1105","article-title":"Migraine and low-tension glaucoma: a case-control study","volume":"26","author":"Phelps","year":"1985","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(03)00478-1","article-title":"Factors that predict the benefit of lowering intraocular pressure in normal tension glaucoma","volume":"136","author":"Anderson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6569.2005.tb00297.x","article-title":"Neuroimaging determinants of cognitive performances in stroke associated with small vessel disease","volume":"15","author":"Mok","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neuroimaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1159\/000087310","article-title":"Determinants of prestroke cognitive impairment in stroke associated with small vessel disease","volume":"20","author":"Mok","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(00)00518-2","article-title":"Natural history of normal-tension glaucoma","volume":"108","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(00)00665-6","article-title":"Criteria for progression of glaucoma in clinical management and in outcome studies","volume":"130","author":"Anderson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(94)31133-X","article-title":"Errors in the diagnosis of visual field progression in normal-tension glaucoma","volume":"101","author":"Schulzer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2004.06.033","article-title":"Configuration of the drainage angle, intraocular pressure, and optic disc cupping in subjects with chronic angle-closure glaucoma","volume":"112","author":"Aung","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2006.01343.x","article-title":"Comparison between central corneal thickness measurements by ultrasound pachymetry and optical coherence tomography","volume":"34","author":"Leung","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Experiment Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib24","first-page":"1641","article-title":"The prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma in Japanese: the Tajimi Study","volume":"111","author":"Iwase","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.30.2.378","article-title":"Risk factors for silent cerebral infarcts in subcortical white matter and basal ganglia","volume":"30","author":"Uehara","year":"1999","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(95)30816-0","article-title":"Comparative study of brain magnetic resonance imaging findings in patients with low-tension glaucoma and control subjects","volume":"102","author":"Ong","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.56.2.182","article-title":"Correlations of leuko-araiosis with cerebral atrophy and perfusion in elderly normal subjects and demented patients","volume":"56","author":"Kawamura","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-199917050-00012","article-title":"Influence of treated blood pressure on progression of silent cerebral infarction","volume":"17","author":"Sugiyama","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wco.0000137536.06986.f9","article-title":"Update on stroke","volume":"17","author":"Chalela","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1866","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(98)91031-4","article-title":"The cupped disc: who needs neuroimaging?","volume":"105","author":"Greenfield","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(94)31171-7","article-title":"Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study: 2","volume":"101","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.125.9.1176","article-title":"Comparison of methods to predict visual field progression in glaucoma","volume":"125","author":"Nouri-Mahdavi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642009001225?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642009001225?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T13:57:13Z","timestamp":1758981433000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0161642009001225"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0161642009001225"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1162975.623612","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0161-6420"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-6420","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Silent Cerebral Infarct and Visual Field Progression in Newly Diagnosed Normal-Tension Glaucoma","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ophthalmology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.02.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2009 American Academy of Ophthalmology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}