{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T17:30:40Z","timestamp":1790875840368,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,1]],"date-time":"2011-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1320105600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,23]],"date-time":"2011-07-23T13:09:53Z","timestamp":1311426593000},"page":"2161-2165","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"title":["Antibiotic Resistance in Microbial Keratitis: Ten-Year Experience of Corneal Scrapes in the United Kingdom"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Zaid","family":"Shalchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avinash","family":"Gurbaxani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Nash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1902","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(97)30009-8","article-title":"Ofloxacin monotherapy for the primary treatment of microbial keratitis: a double-masked, randomized, controlled trial with conventional dual therapy","volume":"104","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1097\/00055735-200408000-00007","article-title":"Fourth-generation fluoroquinolones: new topical agents in the war on ocular bacterial infections","volume":"15","author":"Mah","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1995.01100100045026","article-title":"Efficacy of ofloxacin vs cefazolin and tobramycin in the therapy for bacterial keratitis: report from the Bacterial Keratitis Study Research Group","volume":"113","author":"O'Brien","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-199019060-00003","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin","volume":"19","author":"Vance-Bryan","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1862","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.34.9.1862","article-title":"Increasing resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to ciprofloxacin","volume":"34","author":"Daum","year":"1990","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2050","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.34.11.2050","article-title":"Ciprofloxacin-resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an acute-care hospital","volume":"34","author":"Raviglione","year":"1990","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/26.suppl_F.165","article-title":"Emergent resistance to ciprofloxacin amongst Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus: clinical significance and therapeutic approaches","volume":"26","author":"Ball","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/37.2.243","article-title":"In-vitro susceptibility of isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 1988-1993","volume":"37","author":"Scheel","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)00716-2","article-title":"Emerging fluoroquinolone resistance in bacterial keratitis: a 5-year review","volume":"106","author":"Goldstein","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(00)00179-2","article-title":"Shifting trends in bacterial keratitis in south Florida and emerging resistance to fluoroquinolones","volume":"107","author":"Alexandrakis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)90008-8","article-title":"In vitro susceptibility of bacterial keratitis pathogens to ciprofloxacin: emerging resistance","volume":"106","author":"Kunimoto","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.84.7.687","article-title":"In vitro antibiotic resistance in bacterial keratitis in London","volume":"84","author":"Tuft","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1097\/01.icl.0000237825.98225.ca","article-title":"Trends in microbial keratitis in Japan","volume":"33","author":"Toshida","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2004.00867.x","article-title":"Bacterial keratitis in Christchurch, New Zealand, 1997-2001","volume":"32","author":"Hall","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Experiment Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e318156caf2","article-title":"Risk factors and causative organisms in microbial keratitis","volume":"27","author":"Green","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib16","first-page":"U2682","article-title":"Five-year experience of corneal scrapes at Wellington Eye Department, New Zealand","volume":"120","author":"Rajpal","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.87.7.834","article-title":"Bacterial keratitis: predisposing factors, clinical and microbiological review of 300 cases","volume":"87","author":"Bourcier","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1998.221","article-title":"Lack of evidence for systemic toxicity following topical chloramphenicol use","volume":"12","author":"Walker","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(03)00905-X","article-title":"Shifting trends in in vitro antibiotic susceptibilities for common ocular isolates during a period of 15 years","volume":"137","author":"Chalita","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2006.06.030","article-title":"In vitro activity of fluoroquinolones, vancomycin, and gentamicin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ocular isolates","volume":"142","author":"Kotlus","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)00717-4","article-title":"Ciprofloxacin-resistant Pseudomonas keratitis","volume":"106","author":"Garg","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2005.05.005","article-title":"Future of ophthalmic anti-infective therapy and the role of moxifloxacin ophthalmic solution 0.5% (VIGAMOX)","volume":"50","author":"Schlech","year":"2005","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2005.05.001","article-title":"Ophthalmic infections and their anti-infective challenges","volume":"50","author":"Alfonso","year":"2005","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2004.09.029","article-title":"Penetration of topically applied gatifloxacin 0.3%, moxifloxacin 0.5%, and ciprofloxacin 0.3% into the aqueous humor","volume":"112","author":"Solomon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(03)00294-0","article-title":"Gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin: an in vitro susceptibility comparison to levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin using bacterial keratitis isolates","volume":"136","author":"Kowalski","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2004.03.016","article-title":"A laboratory evaluation of antibiotic therapy for ciprofloxacin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"138","author":"Rhee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0691.2003.00696.x","article-title":"In vitro antibacterial activity of moxifloxacin against hospital isolates: a multicentre study","volume":"9","author":"Soussy","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642011004088?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642011004088?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]],"date-time":"2018-12-01T11:21:12Z","timestamp":1543663272000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0161642011004088"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0161642011004088"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-6420"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-6420","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]}}}