{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T13:26:29Z","timestamp":1789997189658,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,1]],"date-time":"2012-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1349049600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,1]],"date-time":"2012-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1349049600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aaojournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,18]],"date-time":"2012-06-18T08:56:14Z","timestamp":1340009774000},"page":"1961-1968","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Evaluation of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in Atopic-Keratoconjunctivitis Patients"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"Osama M.A.","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukihiro","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murat","family":"Dogru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrique Sato","family":"Adan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tais Hitomi","family":"Wakamatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Shimazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Fujishima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuo","family":"Tsubota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib1","first-page":"21","article-title":"The origin of keratopathy in chronic allergic eye disease: a histopathological study","volume":"7","author":"Bacon","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(98)98032-0","article-title":"Impression cytology in atopic dermatitis","volume":"105","author":"Dogru","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(91)32322-4","article-title":"Clinical features of atopic keratoconjunctivitis","volume":"98","author":"Tuft","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(90)32477-6","article-title":"Atopic keratoconjunctivitis","volume":"97","author":"Foster","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(96)90009-2","article-title":"The occurrence of atopic dermatitis in North Europe: an international questionnaire study","volume":"34","author":"Schultz Larsen","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2001.04078.x","article-title":"Prevalence of atopic dermatitis, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and hand and contact dermatitis in adolescents: the Odense Adolescence Cohort Study on Atopic Diseases and Dermatitis","volume":"144","author":"Mortz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib7","first-page":"265","article-title":"Atopic keratoconjunctivitis","volume":"50","author":"Hogan","year":"1952","journal-title":"Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.1984.11698669","article-title":"What is atopy?","volume":"76","author":"Nelson","year":"1984","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00537.x","article-title":"Allergy and allergy-like symptoms in 1,050 medical students","volume":"46","author":"Foucard","year":"1991","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.1987.tb06991.x","article-title":"Expressibility of meibomian secretion: relation to age, lipid precorneal film, scales, foam, hair and pigmentation","volume":"65","author":"Norn","year":"1987","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(85)33848-4","article-title":"In vivo transillumination biomicroscopy and photography of meibomian gland dysfunction: a clinical study","volume":"92","author":"Robin","year":"1985","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-006-0397-y","article-title":"A newly developed video-meibography system featuring a newly designed probe","volume":"51","author":"Yokoi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Jpn J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.06.031","article-title":"Noncontact infrared meibography to document age-related changes of the meibomian glands in a normal population","volume":"115","author":"Arita","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1995.01100100054027","article-title":"Ocular surface changes and discomfort in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction","volume":"113","author":"Shimazaki","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.117.6.723","article-title":"Assessment of meibomian gland function in dry eye using meibometry","volume":"117","author":"Yokoi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.3109\/02713689308999470","article-title":"An instrument for quantifying meibomian lipid on the lid margin: the Meibometer","volume":"12","author":"Chew","year":"1993","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.12.002","article-title":"Confocal microscopy: a report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology","volume":"111","author":"Kaufman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.05.058","article-title":"In vivo laser confocal microscopy of Bowman's layer of the cornea","volume":"113","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib19","first-page":"1319","article-title":"The application of in vivo confocal scanning laser microscopy in the management of Acanthamoeba keratitis","volume":"13","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Vis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000160976.88824.2b","article-title":"In vivo findings of the bulbar\/palpebral conjunctiva and presumed meibomian glands by laser scanning confocal microscopy","volume":"24","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-858798","article-title":"In vivo confocal microscopy in blepharitis [in German]","volume":"222","author":"Messmer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Klin Monbl Augenheilkd"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib22","first-page":"1263","article-title":"The application of in vivo laser confocal microscopy to the diagnosis and evaluation of meibomian gland dysfunction","volume":"14","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol Vis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-008-1017-y","article-title":"The evaluation of the treatment response in obstructive meibomian gland disease by in vivo laser confocal microscopy","volume":"247","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2009","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.12.029","article-title":"The efficacy, sensitivity, and specificity of in vivo laser confocal microscopy in the diagnosis of meibomian gland dysfunction","volume":"117","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1991.65","article-title":"Meibomian gland disease: classification and grading of lid changes","volume":"5","author":"Bron","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(12)70139-8","article-title":"Meibomian gland dysfunction: a clinical scheme for description, diagnosis, classification, and grading","volume":"1","author":"Foulks","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(82)34669-2","article-title":"Classification of chronic blepharitis","volume":"89","author":"McCulley","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.02-0170","article-title":"Tear evaporation dynamics in normal subjects and subjects with obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction","volume":"44","author":"Goto","year":"2003","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(98)98033-2","article-title":"Meibomian gland dysfunction in patients with Sjogren syndrome","volume":"105","author":"Shimazaki","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-199801000-00007","article-title":"Evaluation of subjective assessments and objective diagnostic tests for diagnosing tear-film disorders known to cause ocular irritation","volume":"17","author":"Pflugfelder","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib31","first-page":"485","article-title":"Seborrhea and meibomian gland dysfunction","volume":"Vol. 1","author":"Driver","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4835(77)90269-X","article-title":"Surface activity determination of aqueous tear components in dry eye patients and normals","volume":"24","author":"Holly","year":"1977","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2008.01781.x","article-title":"Alterations of the ocular surface epithelial MUC16 and goblet cell MUC5AC in patients with atopic keratoconjunctivitis","volume":"63","author":"Dogru","year":"2008","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib34","first-page":"2465","article-title":"Evaluation of lipid oxidative stress status and inflammation in atopic ocular surface disease","volume":"16","author":"Wakamatsu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Vis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(02)01767-0","article-title":"Tear and mucus eotaxin-1 and eotaxin-2 in allergic keratoconjunctivitis","volume":"110","author":"Leonardi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1080\/02713680490516738","article-title":"Predominance of infiltrating IL-4-producing T cells in conjunctiva of patients with allergic conjunctival disease","volume":"29","author":"Matsuura","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1177\/112067210301300702","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in seasonal allergic conjunctivitis and vernal keratoconjunctivitis","volume":"13","author":"Leonardi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200601-010TK","article-title":"Chemokine\/cytokine cocktail in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"3","author":"Agostini","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.4.2083","article-title":"Dual roles of IL-4 in lung injury and fibrosis","volume":"170","author":"Huaux","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e3181ca3668","article-title":"Meibomian gland duct distortion in patients with perennial allergic conjunctivitis","volume":"29","author":"Arita","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib41","first-page":"1379","article-title":"Conjunctival in vivo confocal scanning laser microscopy in patients with atopic keratoconjunctivitis","volume":"13","author":"Hu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Vis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001_bib42","first-page":"1611","article-title":"Evaluation of conjunctival inflammatory status by confocal scanning laser microscopy and conjunctival brush cytology in patients with atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC)","volume":"15","author":"Wakamatsu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Vis"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642012003235?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642012003235?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T14:02:45Z","timestamp":1758981765000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0161642012003235"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0161642012003235"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-6420"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-6420","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Evaluation of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in Atopic-Keratoconjunctivitis Patients","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ophthalmology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.04.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2012 American Academy of Ophthalmology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}