{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T12:13:39Z","timestamp":1790252019140,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]],"date-time":"2014-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417392000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,23]],"date-time":"2014-11-23T22:00:23Z","timestamp":1416780023000},"page":"2443-2451","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":304,"title":["The Effects of Medical Management on the Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy in Persons with Type 2 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"121","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct00000620","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"},{"clinical-trial-number":"nct00542178","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0999-9802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily Y.","family":"Chew","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew D.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald P.","family":"Danis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James F.","family":"Lovato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Letitia H.","family":"Perdue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"Greven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saul","family":"Genuth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David C.","family":"Goff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1040-6229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lawrence A.","family":"Leiter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faramarz","family":"Ismail-Beigi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter T.","family":"Ambrosius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib1","first-page":"21i","article-title":"Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) Trial: design and methods","volume":"99","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2545","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0802743","article-title":"Effects of intensive glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes","volume":"358","year":"2008","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1001282","article-title":"Effects of combination lipid therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"362","year":"2010","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1001286","article-title":"Effect of intensive blood pressure control in type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"362","year":"2010","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1006524","article-title":"Long term effects of intensive glucose lowering on cardiovascular outcomes","volume":"364","year":"2011","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"12A","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103i","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2007.03.028","article-title":"Rationale, design, and methods of the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Eye Study (ACCORD-EYE)","volume":"99","author":"Chew","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1001288","article-title":"Effects of Medical Therapies on Retinopathy Progression in Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"363","year":"2010","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(13)38014-2","article-title":"Fundus photographic risk factors for progression of diabetic retinopathy. ETDRS report number 12","volume":"98","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5041","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-2231","article-title":"A\u00a0Severity Scale for\u00a0Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) Developed from\u00a0ETDRS Data","volume":"49","author":"Gangnon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1080\/02713680600746112","article-title":"An Extension of the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) system for grading of diabetic macular edema in the Astemizole Retinopathy Trial","volume":"31","author":"Gardner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0808431","article-title":"Glucose control and vascular complications in veterans with type 2 diabetes","volume":"360","author":"Duckworth","year":"2009","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2027","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-009-1457-x","article-title":"Effects of blood pressure lowering and intensive glucose control on the incidence and progression of retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"52","author":"Beulens","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)07019-6","article-title":"Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33)","volume":"352","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1995.01100010038019","article-title":"The effect of intensive diabetes treatment on the progression of diabetic retinopathy in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus: the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial","volume":"113","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199307293290502","article-title":"The effect of long-term intensified insulin treatment on the development of microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus","volume":"329","author":"Reichard","year":"1993","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8227(95)01064-K","article-title":"Intensive insulin therapy prevents the progression of diabetic microvascular complications in Japanese patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a randomized prospective 6-year study","volume":"28","author":"Ohkubo","year":"1995","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1984.01040030405011","article-title":"The Wisconsin epidemiologic study of retinopathy. III. Prevalence and risk of diabetic retinopathy when age at diagnosis is 30 or more years","volume":"102","author":"Klein","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1989.01070010250031","article-title":"The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. X. Four-year incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy when age at diagnosis is 30 years or more","volume":"107","author":"Klein","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.08.023","article-title":"The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy: XXII. The\u00a0twenty-five-year progression of retinopathy in persons\u00a0with type 1 diabetes","volume":"115","author":"Klein","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61607-9","article-title":"Effect of fenofibrate on the need for laser treatment for diabetic retinopathy (FIELD study): a randomized controlled trial","volume":"370","author":"Keech","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67667-2","article-title":"Effects of long-term fenofibrate therapy on cardiovascular events in 9795 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (the FIELD study): randomized controlled trial","volume":"366","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250051278","article-title":"Microaneurysms in the development of diabetic retinopathy (UPKDS 42). UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group","volume":"42","author":"Kohner","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diabetologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60576-4","article-title":"Effect of intensive treatment of hyperglycaemia on microvascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes: an analysis of the ACCORD randomised trial","volume":"376","author":"Ismail-Beigi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016164201400623X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016164201400623X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,27]],"date-time":"2018-09-27T09:29:17Z","timestamp":1538040557000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S016164201400623X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S016164201400623X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.019","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-6420"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-6420","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]}}}