{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T07:01:15Z","timestamp":1793257275618,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]],"date-time":"2016-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1459468800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","aaojournal.org","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,4]],"date-time":"2016-02-04T09:47:36Z","timestamp":1454579256000},"page":"898-907","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["The Pediatric Choroidal and Ciliary Body Melanoma Study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Rana'a T.","family":"Al-Jamal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Cassoux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5523-0116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurence","family":"Desjardins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bertil","family":"Damato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lazaros","family":"Konstantinidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah E.","family":"Coupland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heinrich","family":"Heimann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Petrovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonidas","family":"Zografos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Schalenbourg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan P.","family":"Velazquez-Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hatem","family":"Krema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Bogdali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Markiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bozena","family":"Romanowska-Dixon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia H.D.","family":"Metz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Biewald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Bornfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayyam","family":"Kiratli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inge H.G.","family":"Bronkhorst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martine J.","family":"Jager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Marinkovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Fili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Seregard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahar","family":"Frenkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Pe'er","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sachin M.","family":"Salvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian G.","family":"Rennie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iwona","family":"Rospond-Kubiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7321-1835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaroslaw","family":"Kociecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens Folke","family":"Kiilgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Heegaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria M.L.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mandeep S.","family":"Sagoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anush","family":"Amiryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svetlana","family":"Saakyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nils","family":"Eide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f8rgen","family":"Krohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Midena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0216-727X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raffaele","family":"Parrozzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Daniel","family":"Grange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emine","family":"Kilic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Antonietta","family":"Blasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Antonia","family":"Saornil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tero T.","family":"Kivel\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(03)00078-2","article-title":"Incidence of uveal melanoma in the United States: 1973\u20131997","volume":"110","author":"Singh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.01.032","article-title":"Incidence of uveal melanoma in Europe","volume":"114","author":"Virgili","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib3","series-title":"Ocular Melanoma: Advances in Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies","first-page":"21","article-title":"Prevalence and epidemiology of ocular melanoma","author":"Kivel\u00e4","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ohc.2004.07.002","article-title":"Uveal melanoma: epidemiologic aspects","volume":"18","author":"Singh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib5","first-page":"199","article-title":"Congenital uveal malignant melanoma","volume":"18","author":"Pukrushpan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0AAPOS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2642","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19910515)67:10<2642::AID-CNCR2820671040>3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"Congenital malignant melanoma of the eye","volume":"67","author":"Broadway","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e31824d09a8","article-title":"Clinical spectrum and prognosis of uveal melanoma based on age at presentation in 8,033 cases","volume":"32","author":"Shields","year":"2012","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib8","first-page":"768","article-title":"Genetic aspects of uveal melanoma: a brief review","volume":"23","author":"Singh","year":"1996","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3109\/13816819509056913","article-title":"Uveal melanoma and familial atypical mole and melanoma (FAM-M) syndrome","volume":"16","author":"Singh","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-009-1295-z","article-title":"Choroidal melanoma in a 7-year-old child treated by trans-scleral local resection","volume":"248","author":"Russo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(98)00038-5","article-title":"The Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study (COMS) randomized trial of pre-enucleation radiation of large choroidal melanoma I: characteristics of patients enrolled and not enrolled. COMS report no. 9","volume":"125","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib12","first-page":"918","article-title":"Uveal melanoma in young patients","volume":"118","author":"Singh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1662","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(91)32071-2","article-title":"Uveal melanoma in teenagers and children. A report of 40 cases","volume":"98","author":"Shields","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2013.10.032","article-title":"Proton therapy for uveal melanoma in 43 juvenile patients: long-term results","volume":"121","author":"Petrovic","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3181cfdfad","article-title":"Posterior uveal melanoma in young patients treated with proton beam therapy","volume":"30","author":"Vavvas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2133","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1981.03930021009003","article-title":"Uveal melanoma in children and adolescents","volume":"99","author":"Barr","year":"1981","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1097\/00004397-196206000-00008","article-title":"Uveal melanomas in children and adolescents","volume":"2","author":"Apt","year":"1962","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib18","first-page":"61","article-title":"Uveal melanoma among Finnish children and young adults","volume":"18","author":"Al-Jamal","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0AAPOS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjopt.2013.06.013","article-title":"Uveal melanoma in children and teenagers","volume":"27","author":"Shields","year":"2013","journal-title":"Saudi J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib20","series-title":"Children and the European Union: Rights, Welfare and Accountability","first-page":"21","author":"Stalford","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib21","first-page":"441","article-title":"Malignant melanomas of the uveal tract in children and young adults","volume":"10","author":"Leonard","year":"1975","journal-title":"Can J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-006-0347-x","article-title":"Uveal melanoma in young patients","volume":"244","author":"Pogrzebielski","year":"2006","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(65)92807-2","article-title":"Prepuberal and puberal melanomas in ophthalmology","volume":"60","author":"Verdaguer","year":"1965","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.5301\/ejo.5000200","article-title":"Influence of age on prognosis of young patients with uveal melanoma: a matched retrospective cohort study","volume":"23","author":"Kaliki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib25","series-title":"AJCC Cancer Staging Manual","first-page":"547","article-title":"Malignant melanoma of the uvea","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2825","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.45.2771","article-title":"Staging of ciliary body and choroidal melanomas based on anatomic extent","volume":"31","author":"Kujala","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib27","unstructured":"United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. World Population Prospects, 2012 Revision. Available at: http:\/\/esa.un.org\/wpp\/index.htm. Accessed June 15,\u00a02013."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib28","series-title":"Applied Survival Analysis. Regression Modeling of Time to Event Data","first-page":"207","author":"Hosmer","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib29","series-title":"Survival Analysis. A Practical Approach","first-page":"129","author":"Parmar","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib30","series-title":"Modeling Survival Data: Extending the Cox Model","first-page":"127","author":"Therneau","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4651","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.03-0538","article-title":"Very long-term prognosis of patients with malignant uveal melanoma","volume":"44","author":"Kujala","year":"2003","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(82)34695-3","article-title":"Ocular melanocytosis. A study to determine the prevalence rate of ocular melanocytosis","volume":"89","author":"Gonder","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(00)00154-5","article-title":"Iris melanoma in a patient with neurofibromatosis","volume":"45","author":"Honavar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(81)90655-3","article-title":"Neurofibromatosis associated with nevus of Ota and choroidal melanoma","volume":"92","author":"Croxatto","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.116.5.694","article-title":"Choroidal melanoma and neurofibromatosis type 1","volume":"116","author":"Friedman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib36","first-page":"1","article-title":"Analysis of BAP1 germline gene mutation in young uveal melanoma patients","author":"Cebulla","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1002\/gcc.22035","article-title":"Hereditary uveal melanoma: a report of a germline mutation in BAP1","volume":"52","author":"H\u00f6iom","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genes Chromosomes Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2013.129","article-title":"Association of ocular and oculodermal melanocytosis with the rate of uveal melanoma metastasis: analysis of 7872 consecutive eyes","volume":"131","author":"Shields","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6083","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-10-2076","article-title":"Genotypic profiling of 452 choroidal melanomas with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification","volume":"16","author":"Damato","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2013-303867","article-title":"Genome-wide profiling is a clinically relevant and affordable prognostic test in posterior uveal melanoma","volume":"98","author":"Cassoux","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-13670","article-title":"The prognostic value of extraocular extension in relation to monosomy 3 and gain of chromosome 8q in uveal melanoma","volume":"55","author":"van Beek","year":"2014","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0116371","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0116371","article-title":"Digital PCR validates 8q dosage as prognostic tool in uveal melanoma","volume":"10","author":"Versluis","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642015015274?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642015015274?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,15]],"date-time":"2018-09-15T14:57:44Z","timestamp":1537023464000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0161642015015274"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0161642015015274"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-6420"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-6420","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Pediatric Choroidal and Ciliary Body Melanoma Study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ophthalmology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.024","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2016 American Academy of Ophthalmology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}