{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T21:55:10Z","timestamp":1793397310779,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]],"date-time":"2016-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477958400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,14]],"date-time":"2016-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","aaojournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,15]],"date-time":"2016-08-15T19:15:10Z","timestamp":1471288510000},"page":"2285-2293","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":102,"title":["Prospective Study of the Diagnostic Accuracy of the In\u00a0Vivo Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope for Severe Microbial Keratitis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Jaya D.","family":"Chidambaram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Namperumalsamy V.","family":"Prajna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natasha L.","family":"Larke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srikanthi","family":"Palepu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shruti","family":"Lanjewar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manisha","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanmugam","family":"Elakkiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prajna","family":"Lalitha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Carnt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minna H.","family":"Vesaluoma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Mason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Hau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Burton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.81.8.622","article-title":"Corneal ulceration in the developing world\u2014a silent epidemic","volume":"81","author":"Whitcher","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2010.06.045","article-title":"Recent outbreaks of atypical contact lens-related keratitis: what have we learned?","volume":"150","author":"Tu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-8478","article-title":"The clinical differentiation of bacterial and fungal keratitis: a photographic survey","volume":"53","author":"Dalmon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2014-305000","article-title":"Trends in bacterial and fungal keratitis in South India, 2002\u20132012","volume":"99","author":"Lalitha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.3109\/09286586.2011.595041","article-title":"Microbial keratitis in East Africa: why are the outcomes so poor?","volume":"18","author":"Burton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1982.01030030079005","article-title":"Ulcerative keratitis. Survey of 30 years' laboratory experience","volume":"100","author":"Asbell","year":"1982","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib7","first-page":"234","article-title":"Infectious keratitis in Baltimore","volume":"23","author":"Wahl","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.53051","article-title":"Review of epidemiological features, microbiological diagnosis and treatment outcome of microbial keratitis: experience of over a decade","volume":"57","author":"Gopinathan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(12)70291-4","article-title":"Contribution of in\u00a0vivo confocal microscopy to the diagnosis and management of infectious keratitis","volume":"7","author":"Labbe","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2008.137430","article-title":"In\u00a0vivo three-dimensional confocal laser scanning microscopy of corneal surface and epithelium","volume":"93","author":"Zhivov","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e318064582d","article-title":"Sensitivity and specificity of confocal scan in the diagnosis of infectious keratitis","volume":"26","author":"Kanavi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.05.018","article-title":"Role of confocal microscopy in the diagnosis of fungal and Acanthamoeba keratitis","volume":"118","author":"Vaddavalli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2009.175083","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of microbial keratitis with in\u00a0vivo scanning laser confocal microscopy","volume":"94","author":"Hau","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"h5527","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h5527","article-title":"STARD 2015: an updated list of essential items for reporting diagnostic accuracy studies","volume":"351","author":"Bossuyt","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib15","series-title":"Cumitech 13A: Laboratory Diagnosis of Ocular Infections","author":"Wilhelmus","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.16.4.730-797.2003","article-title":"Current perspectives on ophthalmic mycoses","volume":"16","author":"Thomas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2013.1497","article-title":"The mycotic ulcer treatment trial: a randomized trial comparing natamycin vs voriconazole","volume":"131","author":"Prajna","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e31816f27bf","article-title":"The relative value of confocal microscopy and superficial corneal scrapings in the diagnosis of Acanthamoeba keratitis","volume":"27","author":"Tu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2014.02.013","article-title":"Sample size estimation in diagnostic test studies of biomedical informatics","volume":"48","author":"Hajian-Tilaki","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biomed Inform"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2005.02.022","article-title":"Bivariate analysis of sensitivity and specificity produces informative summary measures in diagnostic reviews","volume":"58","author":"Reitsma","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1177\/1536867X0900900203","article-title":"metandi: Meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy using hierarchical logistic regression","volume":"9","author":"Harbord","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stata J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib22","series-title":"MIDAS: Stata Module for Meta-analytical Integration of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies","author":"Dwamena","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2012.031","article-title":"Interrater reliability: the kappa statistic","volume":"22","author":"McHugh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochem Med (Zagreb)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2005.10.063","article-title":"Risk factors for treatment outcome in fungal keratitis","volume":"113","author":"Lalitha","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(93)31499-5","article-title":"Acanthamoeba keratitis. The value of early diagnosis","volume":"100","author":"Bacon","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.12.002","article-title":"Confocal microscopy: a report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology","volume":"111","author":"Kaufman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2005.12.022","article-title":"Tandem scanning confocal corneal microscopy in the diagnosis of suspected Acanthamoeba keratitis","volume":"113","author":"Parmar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e318181cff7","article-title":"Role of confocal microscopy in deep fungal keratitis","volume":"28","author":"Das","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-199901000-00011","article-title":"Differential diagnosis of linear corneal images on confocal microscopy","volume":"18","author":"Chiou","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.03.054","article-title":"Confocal microscopy for Nocardia keratitis","volume":"113","author":"Vaddavalli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642016306583?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642016306583?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,23]],"date-time":"2022-10-23T20:41:59Z","timestamp":1666557719000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0161642016306583"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0161642016306583"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-6420"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-6420","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Prospective Study of the Diagnostic Accuracy of the In\u00a0Vivo Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope for Severe Microbial Keratitis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ophthalmology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.07.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 by the American Academy of OphthalmologyThis is an open access article under the CC BY license (<inter-ref xlink: href=http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/>http:\/\/ creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/<\/inter-ref>).","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}