{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T03:19:37Z","timestamp":1787887177982,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643673600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643673600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674086400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":352,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005492","name":"Stanford University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005492","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30-026877"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30-026877"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001818","name":"Research to Prevent Blindness","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004332","name":"JP Morgan Chase and Co","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004332","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aaojournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,2]],"date-time":"2021-08-02T11:04:53Z","timestamp":1627902293000},"page":"139-146","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Differentiation of Active Corneal Infections from Healed Scars Using Deep Learning"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"Mo","family":"Tiwari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Piech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4516-5744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Medina","family":"Baitemirova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Namperumalsamy V.","family":"Prajna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muthiah","family":"Srinivasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5379-7015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prajna","family":"Lalitha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0188-8470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natacha","family":"Villegas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8961-2542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niranjan","family":"Balachandar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2607-2582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janice T.","family":"Chua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9859-0317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Travis","family":"Redd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas M.","family":"Lietman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Thrun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles C.","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2017.05.012","article-title":"Update on the management of infectious keratitis","volume":"124","author":"Austin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033_bib3","author":"Healio"},{"issue":"7639","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21056","article-title":"Dermatologist-level classification of skin cancer with deep neural networks","volume":"542","author":"Esteva","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6579\/aaf34d","article-title":"Detecting and interpreting myocardial infarction using fully convolutional neural networks","volume":"40","author":"Strodthoff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol Meas"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2018171093","article-title":"Natural language-based machine learning models for the annotation of clinical radiology reports","volume":"287","author":"Zech","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2017.3782","article-title":"Automated grading of age-related macular degeneration from color fundus images using deep convolutional neural networks","volume":"135","author":"Burlina","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2402","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.17216","article-title":"Development and validation of a deep learning algorithm for detection of diabetic retinopathy in retinal fundus photographs","volume":"316","author":"Gulshan","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.01.023","article-title":"Efficacy of a deep learning system for detecting glaucomatous optic neuropathy based on color fundus photographs","volume":"125","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2011.315","article-title":"Corticosteroids for bacterial keratitis: the Steroids for Corneal Ulcers Trial (SCUT)","volume":"130","author":"Srinivasan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2013.1497","article-title":"The mycotic ulcer treatment trial: a randomized trial comparing natamycin vs voriconazole","volume":"131","author":"Prajna","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033_bib12","author":"Simonyan"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033_bib13","series-title":"2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","first-page":"248","article-title":"ImageNet: a large-scale hierarchical image database","author":"Deng","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033_bib14","author":"Paszke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Selvaraju RR, Cogswell M, Das A, et\u00a0al. Grad-CAM: visual explanations from deep networks via gradient-based Localization. In: 2017 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV). 2017:618\u2013626.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2017.74"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.5121\/mlaij.2016.3103","article-title":"A\u00a0survey on similarity measures in text mining","volume":"3","author":"Vijaymeena","year":"2016","journal-title":"Machine Learning and Applications: An International Journal"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000001294","article-title":"Tele-ophthalmic approach for detection of corneal diseases: accuracy and reliability","volume":"36","author":"Woodward","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033_bib18","series-title":"Retinal Photography Screening for Diabetic Eye Disease: A British Diabetic Association Report","author":"British Diabetic Association","year":"1997"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e31825694d3","article-title":"Seasonal trends of microbial keratitis in South India","volume":"31","author":"Lin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2010.144","article-title":"Epidemiology of ulcerative keratitis in Northern California","volume":"128","author":"Jeng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033_bib21","author":"Vaibhav"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642021005649?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642021005649?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T19:53:22Z","timestamp":1777492402000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0161642021005649"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0161642021005649"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-6420"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-6420","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Differentiation of Active Corneal Infections from Healed Scars Using Deep Learning","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ophthalmology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.033","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}