{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T01:44:25Z","timestamp":1789177465340,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aaojournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]],"date-time":"2022-06-17T02:58:23Z","timestamp":1655434703000},"page":"1263-1274","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Glaucoma Genetic Risk Scores in the Million Veteran Program"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"129","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7223-7371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea R.","family":"Waksmunski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tyler G.","family":"Kinzy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren A.","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cari L.","family":"Nealon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher W.","family":"Halladay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piana","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachael L.","family":"Canania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott A.","family":"Anthony","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David P.","family":"Roncone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lea","family":"Sawicki Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenna N.","family":"Leber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacquelyn M.","family":"Dougherty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul B.","family":"Greenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack M.","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Chih","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudha K.","family":"Iyengar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana C.","family":"Crawford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neal S.","family":"Peachey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4001-8702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica N.","family":"Cooke Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Michael","family":"Gaziano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Ramoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jim","family":"Breeling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyong-Mi","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grant","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumitra","family":"Muralidhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher J.","family":"O\u2019Donnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip S.","family":"Tsao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumitra","family":"Muralidhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Moser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacey B.","family":"Whitbourne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica V.","family":"Brewer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Concato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart","family":"Warren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dean P.","family":"Argyres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip S.","family":"Tsao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brady","family":"Stephens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary T.","family":"Brophy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald E.","family":"Humphries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nhan","family":"Do","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahpoor","family":"Shayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuan-Mai T.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher J.","family":"O\u2019Donnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saiju","family":"Pyarajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saiju","family":"Pyarajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Hauser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"McArdle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"Dellitalia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Harley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Whittle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Beckham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Wells","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvador","family":"Gutierrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gretchen","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Kaminsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerardo","family":"Villareal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Kinlay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junzhe","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Hamner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathlyn Sue","family":"Haddock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sujata","family":"Bhushan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pran","family":"Iruvanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Godschalk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zuhair","family":"Ballas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malcolm","family":"Buford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Mastorides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jon","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nora","family":"Ratcliffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hermes","family":"Florez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Swann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maureen","family":"Murdoch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peruvemba","family":"Sriram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shing Shing","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Washburn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darshana","family":"Jhala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Aguayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satish","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Callaghan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kris Ann","family":"Oursler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Whooley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunil","family":"Ahuja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amparo","family":"Gutierrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Schifman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Greco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Rauchman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Servatius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Oehlert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnes","family":"Wallbom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Fernando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd","family":"Stapley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Sherman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gwenevere","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Tsao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elif","family":"Sonel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Boyko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samir","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Fayad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Lichy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Hurley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brooks","family":"Robey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Striker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"R1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R21","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddx184","article-title":"Genetics of glaucoma","volume":"26","author":"Wiggs","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2005.081224","article-title":"The number of people with glaucoma worldwide in 2010 and 2020","volume":"90","author":"Quigley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.05.013","article-title":"Global prevalence of glaucoma and projections of glaucoma burden through 2040: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"121","author":"Tham","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib4","series-title":"World Report on Vision","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3931","article-title":"Classification of common human diseases derived from shared genetic and environmental determinants","volume":"49","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2010.07.003","article-title":"The heritability of ocular traits","volume":"55","author":"Sanfilippo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2015.01.004","article-title":"The interactions of genes, age, and environment in glaucoma pathogenesis","volume":"60","author":"Doucette","year":"2015","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-20851-4","article-title":"Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies 127 open-angle glaucoma loci with consistent effect across ancestries","volume":"12","author":"Gharahkhani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2278","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-04555-4","article-title":"A\u00a0multiethnic genome-wide association study of primary open-angle glaucoma identifies novel risk loci","volume":"9","author":"Choquet","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3087","article-title":"Genome-wide analysis of multi-ancestry cohorts identifies new loci influencing intraocular pressure and susceptibility to glaucoma","volume":"46","author":"Hysi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib11","author":"Gudiseva"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-018-1943-7","article-title":"Genome-wide association study of primary open-angle glaucoma in continental and admixed African populations","volume":"137","author":"Bonnemaijer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.16161","article-title":"The Genetics of Glaucoma in People of African Descent (GGLAD) Consortium, Hauser MA, Allingham RR, et\u00a0al. Association of genetic variants with primary open-angle glaucoma among individuals with African ancestry","volume":"322","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3880","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddv128","article-title":"A\u00a0common variant near TGFBR3 is associated with primary open angle glaucoma","volume":"24","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0126-8","article-title":"Genome-wide analyses identify 68 new loci associated with intraocular pressure and improve risk prediction for primary open-angle glaucoma","volume":"50","author":"Khawaja","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3079","article-title":"Common variants near ABCA1, AFAP1 and GMDS confer risk of primary open-angle glaucoma","volume":"46","author":"Gharahkhani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4883","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5883","article-title":"Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies novel loci that influence cupping and the glaucomatous process","volume":"5","author":"Springelkamp","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib18","first-page":"438","article-title":"New insights into the genetics of primary open-angle glaucoma based on meta-analyses of intraocular pressure and optic disc characteristics","volume":"26","author":"Springelkamp","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0058657","article-title":"A\u00a0genome-wide association study for primary open angle glaucoma and macular degeneration reveals novel loci","volume":"8","author":"Scheetz","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.661","article-title":"Common variants near CAV1 and CAV2 are associated with primary open-angle glaucoma","volume":"42","author":"Thorleifsson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib21","first-page":"1083","article-title":"Genome-wide association study of primary open angle glaucoma risk and quantitative traits","volume":"18","author":"Gibson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Vis"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4468","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-9784","article-title":"Genome-wide analysis of central corneal thickness in primary open-angle glaucoma cases in the NEIGHBOR and GLAUGEN consortia","volume":"53","author":"Ulmer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3482","article-title":"Genome-wide association analysis identifies TXNRD2, ATXN2 and FOXC1 as susceptibility loci for primary open-angle glaucoma","volume":"48","author":"Cooke Bailey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-019-0632-7","article-title":"Clinical implications of recent advances in primary open-angle glaucoma genetics","volume":"34","author":"Choquet","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s40142-017-0131-8","article-title":"Primary open-angle glaucoma genetics in African Americans","volume":"5","author":"Restrepo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Genet Med Rep"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ORSF60","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-12716","article-title":"Glaucoma: a disease of early cellular senescence","volume":"54","author":"Caprioli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"P71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2020.10.022","article-title":"Primary open-angle glaucoma Preferred Practice Pattern","volume":"128","author":"Gedde","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-018-0018-x","article-title":"The personal and clinical utility of polygenic risk scores","volume":"19","author":"Torkamani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib29","first-page":"31","article-title":"The application of genetic risk scores in age-related macular degeneration: a review","volume":"5","author":"Cooke Bailey","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6611","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-43144-3","article-title":"Genetic risk score has added value over initial clinical grading stage in predicting disease progression in age-related macular degeneration","volume":"9","author":"Heesterbeek","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.7326\/M15-2886","article-title":"Screening for Breast Cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement","volume":"164","author":"Siu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i2416","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i2416","article-title":"Prediction models for cardiovascular disease risk in the general population: systematic review","volume":"353","author":"Damen","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.14283\/jpad.2020.64","article-title":"Polygenic risk scoring is an effective approach to predict those individuals most likely to decline cognitively due to Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"8","author":"Daunt","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Prev Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/cpz1.126","article-title":"Polygenic risk scores","volume":"1","author":"Osterman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Protoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-019-0556-y","article-title":"Multitrait analysis of glaucoma identifies new risk loci and enables polygenic prediction of disease susceptibility and progression","volume":"52","author":"Craig","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2019.12.025","article-title":"An intraocular pressure polygenic risk score stratifies multiple primary open-angle glaucoma parameters including treatment intensity","volume":"127","author":"Qassim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0176-y","article-title":"Genome-wide association study of intraocular pressure uncovers new pathways to glaucoma","volume":"50","author":"MacGregor","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.8.2.10","article-title":"Polygenic risk score is associated with intraocular pressure and improves glaucoma prediction in the UK Biobank cohort","volume":"8","author":"Gao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl Vis Sci Technol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.03.007","article-title":"Characteristics of p.Gln368Ter myocilin variant and influence of polygenic risk on glaucoma penetrance in the UK Biobank","volume":"128","author":"Zebardast","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2019.3109","article-title":"Association of a primary open-angle glaucoma genetic risk score with earlier age at diagnosis","volume":"137","author":"Fan","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-019-0379-x","article-title":"Clinical use of current polygenic risk scores may exacerbate health disparities","volume":"51","author":"Martin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib42","article-title":"Inclusion of variants discovered from diverse populations improves polygenic risk score transferability","volume":"2","author":"Cavazos","year":"2021","journal-title":"HGG Adv"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.22083","article-title":"South Asian Type 2 Diabetes (SAT2D) Consortium, et\u00a0al. Multiethnic polygenic risk scores improve risk prediction in diverse populations","volume":"41","author":"Marquez-Luna","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genet Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.02.048","article-title":"The missing diversity in human genetic studies","volume":"177","author":"Sirugo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-11112-0","article-title":"Analysis of polygenic risk score usage and performance in diverse human populations","volume":"10","author":"Duncan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"R1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R14","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddy081","article-title":"Electronic health records: the next wave of complex disease genetics","volume":"27","author":"Wolford","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-020-0224-1","article-title":"Electronic health records and polygenic risk scores for predicting disease risk","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2015.09.016","article-title":"Million Veteran Program: a mega-biobank to study genetic influences on health and disease","volume":"70","author":"Gaziano","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2016.09.030","article-title":"Trends in prevalence of diagnosed ocular disease and utilization of eye care services in American Veterans","volume":"173","author":"Saeedi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED-D-12-00537","article-title":"Veteran eye disease after eligibility reform: prevalence and characteristics","volume":"178","author":"Maa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2020.03.004","article-title":"Genotyping array design and data quality control in the Million Veteran Program","volume":"106","author":"Hunter-Zinck","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2019.08.012","article-title":"Harmonizing genetic ancestry and self-identified race\/ethnicity in genome-wide association studies","volume":"105","author":"Fang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib53","first-page":"1","article-title":"Development and evaluation of a rules-based algorithm for primary open-angle glaucoma in the VA Million Veteran Program","volume":"25","author":"Nealon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2014.0054","article-title":"Insights from advanced analytics at the Veterans Health Administration","volume":"33","author":"Fihn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Health Affairs"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0118432","article-title":"The precision-recall plot is more informative than the ROC plot when evaluating binary classifiers on imbalanced datasets","volume":"10","author":"Saito","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib56","first-page":"1","article-title":"Building predictive models in R using the caret package","volume":"28","author":"Kuhn","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Stat Softw"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/78.3.691","article-title":"A\u00a0note on a general definition of the coefficient of determination","volume":"78","author":"Nagelkerke","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.21614","article-title":"A\u00a0better coefficient of determination for genetic profile analysis","volume":"36","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genet Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib59","article-title":"Prevalence of primary open angle glaucoma in the last 20 years: a meta-analysis and systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib60","article-title":"POAG genetic risk score performs worse in African-descent than European-descent samples, highlighting need for expanded genetic studies in diverse populations","volume":"62","author":"Cooke Bailey","year":"2021","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6634","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddu364","article-title":"Genome-wide association and admixture analysis of glaucoma in the Women\u2019s Health Initiative","volume":"23","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.62.2.28","article-title":"The role of genetic ancestry as a risk factor for primary open-angle glaucoma in African Americans","volume":"62","author":"Cole","year":"2021","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.10.031","article-title":"Genetic architecture of primary open-angle glaucoma in individuals of African descent","volume":"126","author":"Taylor","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.094052.109","article-title":"Fast model-based estimation of ancestry in unrelated individuals","volume":"19","author":"Alexander","year":"2009","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"issue":"7571","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15393","article-title":"A\u00a0global reference for human genetic variation","volume":"526","author":"Auton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0b013e31821dac86","article-title":"Determinants of medication adherence to topical glaucoma therapy","volume":"21","author":"Dreer","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Glaucoma"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e3283360b68","article-title":"Review of results from the Tube versus Trabeculectomy Study","volume":"21","author":"Gedde","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e32834ff2d1","article-title":"The Tube versus Trabeculectomy Study: interpretation of results and application to clinical practice","volume":"23","author":"Gedde","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib69","article-title":"Global Biobank Meta-analysis Initiative: powering genetic discovery across human diseases","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1006493","article-title":"Winner\u2019s curse correction and variable thresholding improve performance of polygenic risk modeling based on genome-wide association study summary-level data","volume":"12","author":"Shi","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"issue":"R2","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R143","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddz205","article-title":"Validity of polygenic risk scores: are we measuring what we think we are?","volume":"28","author":"Janssens","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-016-1016-y","article-title":"Unequal representation of genetic variation across ancestry groups creates healthcare inequality in the application of precision medicine","volume":"17","author":"Petrovski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"issue":"7355","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1038\/475163a","article-title":"Genomics for the world","volume":"475","author":"Bustamante","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2009.09.012","article-title":"Next generation disparities in human genomics: concerns and remedies","volume":"25","author":"Need","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Genet"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1876","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01549-6","article-title":"Responsible use of polygenic risk scores in the clinic: potential benefits, risks and gaps","volume":"27","author":"Adeyemo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3865","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17719-y","article-title":"Theoretical and empirical quantification of the accuracy of polygenic scores in ancestry divergent populations","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib77","first-page":"69","article-title":"Family history and risk of primary open angle glaucoma","volume":"112","author":"Tielsch","year":"1994","journal-title":"The Baltimore Eye Survey. Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(82)34675-8","article-title":"Why do some people go blind from glaucoma?","volume":"89","author":"Grant","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(85)90001-7","article-title":"Race and primary open-angle glaucoma","volume":"99","author":"Martin","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1118","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14772","article-title":"Differences in clinical presentation of primary open-angle glaucoma between African and European populations","volume":"99","author":"Bonnemaijer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib81","author":"Hunter-Zinck"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1507092","article-title":"Genetic misdiagnoses and the potential for health disparities","volume":"375","author":"Manrai","year":"2016","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogla.2021.11.002","article-title":"Attitudes towards polygenic risk testing in individuals with glaucoma","volume":"5","author":"Hollitt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Glaucoma"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2020.5404","article-title":"Predicting the future of genetic risk profiling of glaucoma: a narrative review","volume":"139","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642022004444?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642022004444?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T14:12:07Z","timestamp":1758982327000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0161642022004444"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"references-count":84,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0161642022004444"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-6420"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-6420","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Glaucoma Genetic Risk Scores in the Million Veteran Program","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ophthalmology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.06.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American Academy of Ophthalmology","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}