{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T02:10:20Z","timestamp":1793844620579,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82271086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82271086"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005088","name":"Beijing Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-4"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005088","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aaojournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,9]],"date-time":"2023-09-09T01:16:11Z","timestamp":1694222171000},"page":"58-65","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Prevalence and Cause of Loss of Visual Acuity and Visual Field in Highly Myopic Eyes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2972-5227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jost B.","family":"Jonas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5389-3047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rahul A.","family":"Jonas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya Xing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.05.011","article-title":"Prevalence and causes of visual impairment in an elderly Chinese population in Taiwan: the Shihpai Eye Study","volume":"111","author":"Hsu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.09.040","article-title":"Causes of blindness, low vision, and questionnaire-assessed poor visual function in Singaporean Chinese adults: The Tanjong Pagar Survey","volume":"111","author":"Saw","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.01.035","article-title":"Causes of blindness and visual impairment in urban and rural areas in Beijing: the Beijing Eye Study","volume":"113","author":"Xu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2006.01.023","article-title":"Prevalence and causes of visual field loss as determined by frequency doubling perimetry in urban and rural adult Chinese","volume":"141","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.030","article-title":"Visual consequences of refractive errors in the general population","volume":"122","author":"Verhoeven","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2017-311266","article-title":"Global prevalence of visual impairment associated with myopic macular degeneration and temporal trends from 2000 through 2050: systematic review, meta-analysis and modelling","volume":"102","author":"Fricke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1221","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30393-5","article-title":"Global causes of blindness and distance vision impairment 1990-2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Flaxman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.86.2.238","article-title":"The definition and classification of glaucoma in prevalence surveys","volume":"86","author":"Foster","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib9","first-page":"1151","article-title":"Optic disc, cup and neuroretinal rim size, configuration and correlations in normal eyes","volume":"29","author":"Jonas","year":"1988","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(05)80092-X","article-title":"An international classification and grading system for age-related maculopathy and age-related macular degeneration","volume":"39","author":"Bird","year":"1995","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2015.01.022","article-title":"International photographic classification and grading system for myopic maculopathy","volume":"159","author":"Ohno-Matsui","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2011.230","article-title":"Prevalence and characteristics of myopic retinopathy in a rural Chinese adult population: the Handan Eye Study","volume":"129","author":"Gao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4868","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-9919","article-title":"Prevalence and associated risk factors of myopic maculopathy in elderly Chinese: the Shihpai Eye Study","volume":"53","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1760","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.02.034","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for myopic retinopathy in a Japanese population: the Hisayama Study","volume":"119","author":"Asakuma","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2016.4009","article-title":"Association of axial length with risk of uncorrectable visual impairment for Europeans with myopia","volume":"134","author":"Tideman","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4603","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-24032","article-title":"Prevalence, risk factors, and impact of myopic macular degeneration on visual impairment and functioning among adults in Singapore","volume":"59","author":"Wong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2019.04.023","article-title":"Association between axial length and myopic maculopathy: the Hisayama Study","volume":"3","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.0567","article-title":"Prevalence of myopic maculopathy among adults in\u00a0a\u00a0Russian population","volume":"3","author":"Bikbov","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000000102","article-title":"Reversibility of retinal pigment epithelium detachment parallel to acute intraocular pressure rise","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Glaucoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.64.5.25","article-title":"Myopic versus glaucomatous parapapillary beta zone in myopic eyes versus eyes with secondary angle-closure glaucoma","volume":"64","author":"Jonas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2010","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)90416-5","article-title":"The relationship between glaucoma and myopia: the Blue Mountains Eye Study","volume":"106","author":"Mitchell","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1966","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(01)00799-0","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of open-angle glaucoma: results from the visual impairment project","volume":"108","author":"Weih","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(02)01260-5","article-title":"Refractive errors, intraocular pressure, and glaucoma in a white population","volume":"110","author":"Wong","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.03.059","article-title":"Risk factors for open-angle glaucoma in a Japanese population: the Tajimi Study","volume":"113","author":"Suzuki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.06.050","article-title":"High myopia and glaucoma susceptibility the Beijing Eye Study","volume":"114","author":"Xu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(02)01644-6","article-title":"Anisometropia and degree of optic nerve damage in chronic open-angle glaucoma","volume":"134","author":"Jonas","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2020.100933","article-title":"Optic nerve head anatomy in myopia and glaucoma, including parapapillary zones alpha, beta, gamma and delta: histology and clinical features","volume":"83","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.06.058","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid pressure in glaucoma. A prospective study","volume":"117","author":"Ren","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0175120","article-title":"Glaucoma in high myopia and parapapillary delta zone","volume":"12","author":"Jonas","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.07.014","article-title":"Prevalence and associations of non-glaucomatous optic nerve atrophy in high myopia. The Ural Eye and Medical Study","author":"Bikbov","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.63.10.18","article-title":"Elongation of the retina and ciliary body in dependence of the sagittal eye diameter","volume":"63","author":"Panda-Jonas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026_bib32","article-title":"Optic disc - fovea distance, axial length and parapapillary zones. The Beijing Eye Study 2011","volume":"10","author":"Jonas","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS One"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642023006255?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642023006255?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T14:14:23Z","timestamp":1758982463000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0161642023006255"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0161642023006255"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-6420"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-6420","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Prevalence and Cause of Loss of Visual Acuity and Visual Field in Highly Myopic Eyes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ophthalmology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}