{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T12:00:52Z","timestamp":1790856052786,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009941","name":"United Kingdom Ministry of Defence","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009941","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aaojournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T22:40:26Z","timestamp":1725057626000},"page":"431-441","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Early versus Delayed Timing of Primary Repair after Open-Globe Injury"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"132","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1900-8785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"McMaster","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Bapty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lana","family":"Bush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Serra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theo","family":"Kempapidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott F.","family":"McClellan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fasika A.","family":"Woreta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grant A.","family":"Justin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rupesh","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annette K.","family":"Hoskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kara","family":"Cavuoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Leong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s Rousselot","family":"Ascarza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Cason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyle E.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew C.","family":"Caldwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William G.","family":"Gensheimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom H.","family":"Williamson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felipe","family":"Dhawahir-Scala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Coombes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gangadhara","family":"Sundar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Mazzoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malcolm","family":"Woodcock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie L.","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ferenc","family":"Kuhn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Colyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata S.M.","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Blanch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2019.5823","article-title":"Characteristics of open globe injuries in the United States from 2006 to 2014","volume":"138","author":"Mir","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1076\/opep.5.3.143.8364","article-title":"The global impact of eye injuries","volume":"5","author":"N\u00e9grel","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-1549(02)00004-4","article-title":"Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology (BETT): terminology and classification of mechanical eye injuries","volume":"15","author":"Kuhn","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Clin N Am"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2022.2594","article-title":"Globe and adnexal trauma terminology survey","volume":"140","author":"Hoskin","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)71132-8","article-title":"A\u00a0system for classifying mechanical injuries of the eye (globe). The Ocular Trauma Classification Group","volume":"123","author":"Pieramici","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-1549(02)00007-X","article-title":"The Ocular Trauma Score (OTS)","volume":"15","author":"Kuhn","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2021.08.003","article-title":"Global current practice patterns for the management of open globe injuries","volume":"234","author":"Miller","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1159\/000351635","article-title":"The timing of reconstruction in severe mechanical trauma","volume":"51","author":"Kuhn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.81030","article-title":"Prognostic factors for final vision outcome in patients with open globe injuries","volume":"59","author":"Agrawal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2017-311559","article-title":"Effect of time to primary repair on final visual outcome after open globe injury","volume":"103","author":"Blanch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1159\/000073075","article-title":"Prognostic factors in open globe injuries","volume":"217","author":"Cruvinel Isaac","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.09.041","article-title":"Post-traumatic endophthalmitis","volume":"111","author":"Essex","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(90)32381-3","article-title":"Retained intraocular foreign bodies and endophthalmitis","volume":"97","author":"Mieler","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(93)31454-5","article-title":"Infectious endophthalmitis after penetrating injuries with retained intraocular foreign bodies. National Eye Trauma System","volume":"100","author":"Thompson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(95)30807-X","article-title":"Endophthalmitis after penetrating trauma. Risk factors and visual acuity outcomes","volume":"102","author":"Thompson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-022-05904-2","article-title":"The impact of primary repair timing on longitudinal visual outcomes after open globe injury","volume":"261","author":"Henry","year":"2023","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2351","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-022-02350-6","article-title":"Effect of time to operative repair within twenty-four hours on visual acuity outcomes for open globe injuries","volume":"37","author":"Makhoul","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2010.190","article-title":"Ophthalmic injuries in British Armed Forces in Iraq and Afghanistan","volume":"25","author":"Blanch","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.10.052","article-title":"Delayed intraocular foreign body removal without endophthalmitis during Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom","volume":"114","author":"Colyer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_512_17","article-title":"Role of intravitreal\/intracameral antibiotics to prevent traumatic endophthalmitis\u2014meta-analysis","volume":"65","author":"Thevi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.06.022","article-title":"The use of preoperative prophylactic systemic antibiotics for the prevention of endophthalmitis in open globe injuries: a meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Patterson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Retina"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib23","first-page":"2127","article-title":"Methodological quality of case series studies: an introduction to the JBI critical appraisal tool","volume":"18","author":"Munn","year":"2020","journal-title":"JBI Evidence Synthesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib24","author":"Sch\u00fcnemann"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.5301\/EJO.2010.2210","article-title":"Visual outcome following intraocular foreign bodies: a retrospective review of 5-year clinical experience","volume":"21","author":"Bai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib27","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors of intraocular foreign body-related endophthalmitis in Southern China","author":"Duan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2021.05.18","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors for visual outcome in 669 patients with intraocular foreign bodies","volume":"14","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-012-9687-1","article-title":"Spectrum of intra-ocular foreign bodies and the outcome of their management in Brunei Darussalam","volume":"33","author":"George","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-018-0218-9","article-title":"Prognostic factors for open-globe injuries: variables for poor visual outcome","volume":"33","author":"Guven","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib31","article-title":"Intraocular foreign bodies: clinical characteristics and factors affecting visual outcome","author":"Liang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib32","article-title":"Intraocular foreign bodies: clinical characteristics and prognostic factors influencing visual outcome and globe survival in 373 eyes","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib33","first-page":"29","article-title":"Paediatric open globe injuries. Visual outcome and risk factors for endophthalmitis","volume":"52","author":"Narang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(99)00254-8","article-title":"Deadly weapon-related open-globe injuries: outcome assessment by the ocular trauma classification system","volume":"129","author":"Sobaci","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2019-314913","article-title":"Intraocular foreign body injury in children: clinical characteristics and factors associated with endophthalmitis","volume":"104","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2009.164913","article-title":"Endophthalmitis following open globe injury","volume":"94","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2956","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16162956","article-title":"The impact of primary treatment on post-traumatic endophthalmitis in children with open globe injuries: a study in China","volume":"16","author":"Zheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2011.01.014","article-title":"Intraocular foreign bodies in china: clinical characteristics, prognostic factors, and visual outcomes in 1,421 eyes","volume":"152","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2106","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-020-1070-2","article-title":"Prolonged deployed hospital care in the management of military eye injuries","volume":"34","author":"Dhillon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2415-14-34","article-title":"Causative organisms of post-traumatic endophthalmitis: a 20-year retrospective study","volume":"14","author":"Long","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2018.10.019","article-title":"Patient outcomes related to the daytime versus after-hours surgery: a meta-analysis","volume":"54","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Anesth"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-015-0099-x","article-title":"A\u00a0case-control study of post-traumatic endophthalmitis at a Spanish hospital","volume":"36","author":"Asencio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(01)01320-4","article-title":"Endophthalmitis after deadly-weapon-related open-globe injuries: risk factors, value of prophylactic antibiotics, and visual outcomes","volume":"133","author":"Sabaci","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1177\/112067211002000128","article-title":"Risk factors for culture-positive endophthalmitis after repair of open globe injuries","volume":"20","author":"Al-Mezaine","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1097\/01.iae.0000225072.68265.ee","article-title":"Microbiologic spectrum and visual outcome of posttraumatic endophthalmitis","volume":"27","author":"Al-Omran","year":"2007","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1177\/1120672118818013","article-title":"Pediatric open-globe injury in a university-based tertiary hospital","volume":"30","author":"AlDahash","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2008.10.023","article-title":"Low rate of endophthalmitis in a large series of open globe injuries","volume":"147","author":"Andreoli","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-021-02183-z","article-title":"Epidemiology and prognosis factors in open globe injuries in the Federal District of Brazil","volume":"22","author":"Peleja","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-021-01819-4","article-title":"Factors affecting final functional outcomes in open-globe injuries and use of ocular trauma score as a predictive tool in Nepalese population","volume":"21","author":"Shrestha","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1177\/112067210701700425","article-title":"Risk factors for post-traumatic endophthalmitis in patients with positive intraocular cultures","volume":"17","author":"Gupta","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2007.01509.x","article-title":"Microbial cultures in open globe injuries in southern India","volume":"35","author":"Gupta","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S358064","article-title":"Endophthalmitis, visual outcomes, and management strategies in eyes with intraocular foreign bodies","volume":"16","author":"Keil","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.12511","article-title":"Wound-related complications and clinical outcomes following open globe injury repair","volume":"43","author":"Kong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s003470050254","article-title":"[Post-traumatic endophthalmitis after penetrating eye injuries. Risk factors, microbiological diagnosis and functional outcome]","volume":"95","author":"Schmidseder","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ophthalmologe"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-020-1023-9","article-title":"Open globe injuries in children under 7 years referred to a tertiary center in Iran from 2006 to 2016","volume":"35","author":"Tabatabaei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s12348-021-00254-2","article-title":"Risk factors and outcomes of post-traumatic endophthalmitis: a retrospective single-center study","volume":"11","author":"Watanachai","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1159\/000235725","article-title":"Treatment and outcome of traumatic endophthalmitis in open globe injury with retained intraocular foreign body","volume":"224","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001511","article-title":"Posttraumatic endophthalmitis: an 18-year case series","volume":"38","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib59","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and visual outcomes of patients hospitalized for ocular trauma in Shandong Province, China","author":"Duan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2077","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S307718","article-title":"Risk factors for endophthalmitis following open globe injuries: a 17-year analysis","volume":"15","author":"Durrani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(03)00497-4","article-title":"Open globe injuries with positive intraocular cultures: factors influencing final visual acuity outcomes","volume":"110","author":"Lieb","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2014.108","article-title":"Determination of visual prognosis in children with open globe injuries","volume":"28","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3589","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-022-02359-6","article-title":"The clinical features and the factors affecting visual prognosis in pediatric open-globe injuries","volume":"42","author":"\u00d6zt\u00fcrk","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S108901","article-title":"Risk factors for poor outcomes in patients with open-globe injuries","volume":"10","author":"Page","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2101","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-022-02297-8","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of open globe injuries in a North Spain population: a 10-year review","volume":"37","author":"Santamar\u00eda","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2797","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-020-01429-x","article-title":"International globe and adnexal trauma epidemiology study (IGATES): a report from Central India on visual outcome in open globe injuries and correlation with ocular trauma score","volume":"40","author":"Toh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3485","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-021-05266-1","article-title":"Epidemiology and outcomes of open globe injuries: the international globe and adnexal trauma epidemiology study (IGATES)","volume":"259","author":"Hoskin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-57568-9","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and visual outcomes of work-related open globe injuries in Japanese patients","volume":"10","author":"Morikawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1097\/IIO.0b013e3182a12b6c","article-title":"Retinal detachment after open-globe injury","volume":"53","author":"Chee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2011.01.044","article-title":"Characteristics of traumatic cataract wound dehiscence","volume":"152","author":"Kloek","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.5301\/ejo.5000252","article-title":"Preoperative factors associated with improvement in visual acuity after globe rupture treatment","volume":"23","author":"Nishide","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1097\/APO.0000000000000211","article-title":"Epidemiology of open-globe injuries in Hong Kong","volume":"6","author":"Ey","year":"2017","journal-title":"APJO"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.3928\/1542-8877-19980101-09","article-title":"Visual outcome and ocular survival in patients with retinal detachments secondary to open- or closed-globe injuries","volume":"29","author":"Matthews","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg Lasers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11101851","article-title":"Open globe injuries: classifications and prognostic factors for functional outcome","volume":"11","author":"Mayer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-020-01316-w","article-title":"The epidemiology and outcomes of combat ocular trauma among local nationals managed at a deployed military hospital in Afghanistan","volume":"35","author":"Gensheimer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642024005281?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642024005281?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T14:07:33Z","timestamp":1773238053000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0161642024005281"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0161642024005281"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-6420"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-6420","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Early versus Delayed Timing of Primary Repair after Open-Globe Injury","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ophthalmology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}