{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:43:25Z","timestamp":1792806205222,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aaojournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T16:07:23Z","timestamp":1767629243000},"page":"625-634","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Risk of Glaucoma and Undergoing Glaucoma Surgery in Myopic and Highly Myopic Eyes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"133","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4603-7444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masahiro","family":"Akada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Hata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuro","family":"Kamei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ai","family":"Kido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuta","family":"Doi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wakako","family":"Okayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuya","family":"Morino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8305-1767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eri","family":"Nakano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shogo","family":"Numa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanako Ohashi","family":"Ikeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1461-8808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tadamichi","family":"Akagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1636-0898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenji","family":"Suda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Niimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Ogino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0977-9458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akio","family":"Oishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Kashiwagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7740-2732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Tamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0779-7799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akitaka","family":"Tsujikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7410-3764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masahiro","family":"Miyake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60272-4","article-title":"Myopia","volume":"379","author":"Morgan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7532","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-12795","article-title":"The economic cost of myopia in adults aged over 40 years in Singapore","volume":"54","author":"Zheng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib3","first-page":"2486","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for refractive errors in adult Chinese in Singapore","volume":"41","author":"Wong","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.61.4.49","article-title":"The complications of myopia: a review and meta-analysis","volume":"61","author":"Haarman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-053805","article-title":"Time trends, associations and prevalence of blindness and vision loss due to glaucoma: an analysis of observational data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"12","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2010","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)90416-5","article-title":"The relationship between glaucoma and myopia: the Blue Mountains Eye Study","volume":"106","author":"Mitchell","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2007.01619.x","article-title":"Risk factors for primary open-angle glaucoma in a Burmese population: the Meiktila Eye Study","volume":"35","author":"Casson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2023.1007","article-title":"Association between myopia and primary open-angle glaucoma by race and ethnicity in older adults in the California Medicare Population","volume":"141","author":"Yao","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.08.026","article-title":"Prevalence and cause of loss of visual acuity and visual field in highly myopic eyes: the Beijing Eye Study","volume":"131","author":"Jonas","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.11.004","article-title":"Prevalence, awareness, and risk factors of primary open-angle glaucoma: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008\u20132011","volume":"123","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-11158","article-title":"Association between myopia and glaucoma in the United States population","volume":"54","author":"Qiu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.07.002","article-title":"The association of refractive error with glaucoma in a multiethnic population","volume":"123","author":"Shen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.06.050","article-title":"High myopia and glaucoma susceptibility: the Beijing Eye Study","volume":"114","author":"Xu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib14","article-title":"Joint effects of intraocular pressure and myopia on risk of primary open-angle glaucoma: the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases Study","volume":"6","author":"Tham","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.03.059","article-title":"Risk factors for open-angle glaucoma in a Japanese population: the Tajimi Study","volume":"113","author":"Suzuki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.11.030","article-title":"Mendelian randomization implicates bidirectional association between myopia and primary open-angle glaucoma or intraocular pressure","volume":"130","author":"Chong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.03.012","article-title":"Myopia as a risk factor for open-angle glaucoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"118","author":"Marcus","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1159\/000520468","article-title":"The association between myopia and primary open-angle glaucoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"65","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2021.10.007","article-title":"Degree of myopia and glaucoma risk: a dose-response meta-analysis","volume":"236","author":"Ha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.01.034","article-title":"Incidence of glaucomatous visual field loss: a ten-year follow-up from the Rotterdam Study","volume":"117","author":"Czudowska","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2017.01.008","article-title":"Longitudinal cohort study on the incidence of primary open-angle glaucoma in Bai Chinese","volume":"176","author":"Pan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2021-320644","article-title":"High myopia as risk factor for the 10-year incidence of open-angle glaucoma in the Beijing Eye Study","volume":"107","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.14028","article-title":"The surgical management of glaucoma: a review","volume":"50","author":"Lim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-024-01142-7","article-title":"Three-year outcomes of surgical bleb revision with mitomycin C for early scarring bleb after trabeculectomy","volume":"69","author":"Caraher-Masuda","year":"2025","journal-title":"Jpn J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-024-01138-3","article-title":"Comparison of choroidal detachment with and without hypotony after Ahmed valve implantation","volume":"69","author":"Jin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Jpn J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.09.011","article-title":"Incidence of sympathetic ophthalmia after inciting events: a National Database Study in Japan","volume":"129","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2025.08.019","article-title":"Sleep disturbance as a risk factor for retinal neurodegeneration and subsequent glaucoma","volume":"280","author":"Akada","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2025.2948","article-title":"Anti-VEGF approval and retinal photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"143","author":"Akada","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100729","article-title":"Annual trend of myopia and high myopia in children in Japan: a nationwide claims database study","volume":"5","author":"Kamei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100834","article-title":"Incidence and clinical practice of myopic macular neovascularization: a nationwide population-based cohort study","volume":"5","author":"Akada","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.je.2016.08.010","article-title":"Epidemiology of overdose episodes from the period prior to hospitalization for drug poisoning until discharge in Japan: an exploratory descriptive study using a nationwide claims database","volume":"27","author":"Okumura","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.37737\/ace.2.1_13","article-title":"A review of studies using the Japanese National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups","volume":"2","author":"Hirose","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-3079","article-title":"Graphical depiction of longitudinal study designs in health care databases","volume":"170","author":"Schneeweiss","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib34","article-title":"National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan (NDB): outline and patient-matching technique","author":"Kubo","year":"2018","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000002152","article-title":"Validity of algorithms to identify patients with glaucoma using the Japanese claims data","volume":"32","author":"Fujita","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.je.2016.09.009","article-title":"Validity of diagnoses, procedures, and laboratory data in Japanese administrative data","volume":"27","author":"Yamana","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2018.03.004","article-title":"Association measures of claims-based algorithms for common chronic conditions were assessed using regularly collected data in Japan","volume":"99","author":"Hara","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0133189","article-title":"Axial myopia is associated with visual field prognosis of primary open-angle glaucoma","volume":"10","author":"Qiu","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1016\/S0929-6646(09)60019-X","article-title":"Association between high myopia and progression of visual field loss in primary open-angle glaucoma","volume":"107","author":"Lee","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S109732","article-title":"Relationship between visual field progression and baseline refraction in primary open-angle glaucoma","volume":"10","author":"Naito","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642025008115?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642025008115?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:11:25Z","timestamp":1792804285000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0161642025008115"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0161642025008115"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-6420"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-6420","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Risk of Glaucoma and Undergoing Glaucoma Surgery in Myopic and Highly Myopic Eyes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ophthalmology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.025","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}