{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:43:04Z","timestamp":1792806184195,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["974159"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["974159"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["211069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["211069"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001774","name":"The University of Sydney","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001774","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008720","name":"Westmead Millennium Institute for Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008720","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aaojournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T07:28:32Z","timestamp":1768634912000},"page":"613-624","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Fifteen-Year Incidence of Open-Angle Glaucoma"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"Richard","family":"Kha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3180-690X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shweta","family":"Kaushik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Burlutsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7422-0012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerald","family":"Liew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8341-0263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul R.","family":"Healey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5805-4798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2012.02773.x","article-title":"Definition of glaucoma: clinical and experimental concepts","volume":"40","author":"Casson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1221","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30393-5","article-title":"Global causes of blindness and distance vision impairment 1990-2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Flaxman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.05.013","article-title":"Global prevalence of glaucoma and projections of glaucoma burden through 2040: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"121","author":"Tham","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2005.081224","article-title":"The number of people with glaucoma worldwide in 2010 and 2020","volume":"90","author":"Quigley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2011.06.004","article-title":"An assessment of the health and economic burdens of glaucoma","volume":"152","author":"Varma","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2018.3672","article-title":"A worldwide price comparison of glaucoma medications, laser trabeculoplasty, and trabeculectomy surgery","volume":"136","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2018.12.021","article-title":"Predictors of falls per step and falls per year at and away from home in glaucoma","volume":"200","author":"Ramulu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2017.07.021","article-title":"The association between glaucoma, anxiety, and depression in a large population","volume":"183","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10100","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32130-X","article-title":"Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016","volume":"390","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1828","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12051828","article-title":"The global burden of glaucoma: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study and predictions by Bayesian age-period-cohort analysis","volume":"12","author":"Lin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.01.014","article-title":"Predictors for incidence of primary open-angle glaucoma in a South Indian population: the Chennai Eye Disease Incidence Study","volume":"121","author":"Vijaya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogla.2020.09.004","article-title":"Six-year incidence and risk factors of primary glaucoma in the Singapore Indian Eye Study","volume":"4","author":"Koh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Glaucoma"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib13","first-page":"89","article-title":"Incidence of open-angle glaucoma: the Barbados Eye Studies. The Barbados Eye Studies Group","volume":"119","author":"Leske","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(02)01040-0","article-title":"Five-year incidence of open-angle glaucoma: the Visual Impairment Project","volume":"109","author":"Mukesh","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2005.04.018","article-title":"Incidence of open-angle glaucoma in a general elderly population: the Rotterdam Study","volume":"112","author":"de Voogd","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2012.02.014","article-title":"Four-year incidence of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension: the Los Angeles Latino Eye Study","volume":"154","author":"Varma","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.10.016","article-title":"Eight-year incidence of open-angle glaucoma in the Tema Eye Survey","volume":"126","author":"Mwanza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e50","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.15216","article-title":"Five-year incidence of primary glaucoma and related risk factors\u2014the Handan Eye Study","volume":"101","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogla.2023.08.003","article-title":"Six-year incidence and risk factors for primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension: the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases Study","volume":"7","author":"Thakur","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Glaucoma"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-017-0270-y","article-title":"Incidence of glaucomatous visual field loss after two decades of follow-up: the Rotterdam Study","volume":"32","author":"Springelkamp","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0b013e3182027796","article-title":"The 12-year incidence of glaucoma and glaucoma-related visual field loss in Italy: the Ponza Eye Study","volume":"21","author":"Cedrone","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000001899","article-title":"Twelve-year incidence of open-angle glaucoma: the Thessaloniki Eye Study","volume":"30","author":"Founti","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2179","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-023-02799-z","article-title":"Incidence of primary open angle glaucoma in the Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study (APEDS)","volume":"38","author":"Choudhari","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.08.051","article-title":"Nine-year incidence of open-angle glaucoma in the Barbados Eye Studies","volume":"114","author":"Leske","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0b013e3181e87f20","article-title":"Presence of an optic disc notch and glaucoma","volume":"24","author":"Healey","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(85)34065-4","article-title":"A clinical comparison of visual field testing with a new automated perimeter, the Humphrey Field Analyzer, and the Goldmann perimeter","volume":"92","author":"Beck","year":"1985","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(96)30449-1","article-title":"Prevalence of open-angle glaucoma in Australia. The Blue Mountains Eye Study","volume":"103","author":"Mitchell","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.117.10.1319","article-title":"The relationship between glaucoma and pseudoexfoliation: the Blue Mountains Eye Study","volume":"117","author":"Mitchell","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.2008.01244.x","article-title":"Incidence of open-angle glaucoma in central Sweden","volume":"86","author":"Ekstr\u00f6m","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2017.01.008","article-title":"Longitudinal cohort study on the incidence of primary open-angle glaucoma in Bai Chinese","volume":"176","author":"Pan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.01.034","article-title":"Incidence of glaucomatous visual field loss: a ten-year follow-up from the Rotterdam Study","volume":"117","author":"Czudowska","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib32","series-title":"Progress in Brain Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2015.06.007","article-title":"Exfoliative glaucoma: new evidence in the pathogenesis and treatment","author":"Miglior","year":"2015"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2007.00980.x","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of pseudoexfoliations and open-angle glaucoma in northern Sweden: II. Results after 21 years of follow-up","volume":"85","author":"Astr\u00f6m","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol Scand"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.03.012","article-title":"Myopia as a risk factor for open-angle glaucoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"118","author":"Marcus","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2005.00298.x","article-title":"Myopia and associated pathological complications","volume":"25","author":"Saw","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13030562","article-title":"Glaucoma and myopia: diagnostic challenges","volume":"13","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19990330)18:6<695::AID-SIM60>3.0.CO;2-O","article-title":"Estimation of failure probabilities in the presence of competing risks: new representations of old estimators","volume":"18","author":"Gooley","year":"1999","journal-title":"Stat Med"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.06.027","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788393600000}},{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.06.027","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000}}],"container-title":["Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642026000151?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161642026000151?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:12:01Z","timestamp":1792804321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0161642026000151"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0161642026000151"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-6420"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-6420","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Fifteen-Year Incidence of Open-Angle Glaucoma","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ophthalmology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2026.01.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}